Ukusilela kobonelelo lwamandla kamabonakude: ukuzichaza, ukulungisa kunye nokulungisa iingxaki

Isici esahlukileyo sokungaphumeleli kokunikezelwa kombane weTV kukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kokusebenza kwesixhobo emva kokuxhuma kwinethiwekhi. Kule meko, kungekhona nje isandi kunye nomfanekiso uya kuba engekho, kodwa kunye nesalathisi somsebenzi. Ukulungisa umbane weTV, kufuneka uqale wenze ukuxilongwa okufanelekileyo kwengxaki.

Ukubonakaliswa kokungasebenzi kakuhle – indlela yokuchonga ukuchithwa kweyunithi yeTV

Naluphi na ukusilela kombane, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kweTV. Ezi mpawu zilandelayo zibonisa umonakalo kule element:

• Umabonwakude akalayiti
• isibane sesibonisi sicinyiwe;
• impempe ye-pulse transformer ivakala, ngelixa iTV ingasebenzi, njengoko isixhobo sokukhusela sombane sisebenza (oku kunokuba ngumqondiso wokungaphumeleli kwe-backlight ye-LED).

Xa iTV ilayitiwe ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubonakaliswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinxaxhileyo kwisandi okanye kumfanekiso, ezi ziphazamiso zidla ngokuba zibangelwa sesinye isizathu, kwaye hayi ngokuqhawuka kombane. Kwangaxeshanye, kukho izinto ezingafaniyo kulo mgaqo xa ingxaki eye yavela idityaniswe ngandlela thile nonikezelo lwamandla:

• isalathisi sivuliwe, kodwa iTV ayiqalisi;
• xa ucofa iqhosha lamandla kwisixhobo ngokwaso, iTV ayiqalisi;
• ekuqaleni, isandi kuphela sivela, kwaye emva kwexeshana – umfanekiso;
• umboniso oqhelekileyo womfanekiso kunye nokudlalwa kwesandi kuvela kuphela emva kokuvula nokucima iTV ngokuphindaphindiweyo;
• kukho inkangeleko yemigca , isandi esingasemva, umfanekiso owaphukileyo.

Ezona zizathu zokungaphumeleli

Ukungaphumeleli kokunikezelwa kwamandla kwiiTV ze-LED zanamhlanje yenye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo. Izinto ezininzi zinokubangela umonakalo, kodwa iingcali zichonga izizathu ezi-4 eziphambili:

1. Ukuguquguquka kwe-voltage kwinethiwekhi (ukufumana umbane oncitshisiweyo kakhulu okanye owandisiweyo wemveliso). Njengomphumo wokutsiba rhoqo i-voltage, ayisiyiyo kuphela ukusebenza kweTV kuya kuba nzima, kodwa iinxalenye zecandelo zibuye zingasebenzi. Ukuze ugweme iingxaki ngenxa yombane ongazinzanga, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i-stabilizer.
2. Isiphaluka esifutshane . Ingakhokelela ekutshisweni kwamacandelo amaninzi kunye neenxalenye zesixhobo, kubandakanywa nokunikezelwa kwamandla.
3. I-Fuse engundoqo ivuthelwe . Isalathisi sokulinda siya kuqala sichaze into etshisiweyo – ayiyi kukhanya.
4. Umonakalo weCapacitor . Ingxaki eqhelekileyo, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa iTV ixesha elide. Ukunxiba kwe-capacitor kuphenjelelwa ngakumbi ngokwexeshana kunezinto zangaphandle. Ukungaphumeleli kwesi siqalelo kunokuqatshelwa ngokuxilonga okubonakalayo ngokudumba kwayo (i-bulge).

Oku kulandelayo kukwanegalelo ekwenzekeni kokungasebenzi kakuhle kobonelelo lombane:

• ukungathobeli iingcebiso zokusebenza;
• ukuphulwa kolawulo lwemozulu;
• ukuchithwa kwesixhobo ngaphandle kwamava kunye nolwazi lwesixhobo.

I-TV ayikunyamezeli utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nokufuma. Emva kokuba uthenge ebusika kwaye ungenise kwigumbi elifudumeleyo, musa ukuvula isixhobo ngokukhawuleza ukuze ugweme ukuxinana ngaphakathi kunye nomonakalo ongaphambi kwexesha kumacandelo abalulekileyo.

Ukuzilungisa izixhobo ezibizayo, kufuneka ube nezakhono ezisisiseko zobugcisa kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa. Ukuba konke oku akukho, kungcono ukuba uqhagamshelane ngokukhawuleza neworkshop.

Ukuxilongwa kombane weTV phambi kokulungiswa

Ukwenza ukuxilongwa okufanelekileyo kokungaphumeleli kokunikezelwa kwamandla, kufuneka wenze izenzo ezininzi ngezigaba.

Ukuchithwa kweTV

Ukugqiba isizathu sengxaki kuqala ngokuqhaqha isixhobo. Ukwenza oku, izikrufu zikhutshwa ngasemva kwiTV ukuze zivule ukufikelela kwicala lamandla. Kwiimodeli ezahlukeneyo zeTV, izixhobo zombane zifumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngoko akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukubona le nto ngokukhawuleza emva kokususa isigqubuthelo. Ukuba unetyala elinjalo, ke ukufikelela kumandla ombane kunokwenzeka ukuba kuvalwe ngesigqubuthelo esikhuselayo esenziwe ngetsimbi.

Kwezinye iimodeli zeTV, ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo lunokufakelwa ngokukodwa unikezelo lwamandla. Kule nkalo, kuya kufuneka uhambe ngeendlela ezininzi zokukhulula izikrufu ezilungisa inxalenye efunekayo.

Ukuqhelaniswa nesixhobo sokubonelela ngombane

Ukwenza ezinye izenzo, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ngokucacileyo indlela amacandelo ombane weTV abukeka ngayo. Zonke iimodeli zanamhlanje azinawo umbane omnye, kodwa zininzi. Zibekwe, njengomthetho, kwindawo enye – ibhodi. Le bhodi ilula ukuhlula kwabanye: ngaphezu kwe-capacitors kunye namanye amacandelo, iqulethe i-3 emnyama kunye ne-yellow transformers. Umbane weTV uqulathe la macandelo alandelayo:

1. Unikezelo lwamandla olulindileyo . Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukugcina iTV ikwimowudi yokulinda kwaye ulinde imiyalelo elandelayo. Le mowudi iboniswa ngumqondiso okhanyayo we-LED. Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo, kufuneka kubekho i-voltage ye-5V, ukunikezelwa kwayo kwi-TV kubonelelwa yinto yomsebenzi.
2. Inverter block . Umsebenzi ophambili kukubonelela ngamandla kwiprosesa. Ukuba lo msebenzi uphulwa, xa uzama ukuvula iTV, uya kufumana utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwimodi yokulala. Oku kubangelwa ukuba iprosesa, ngaphandle kokufumana isiqinisekiso sokusebenza kwi-inverter, iyayeka ukusebenza kwezenzo ezingaphezulu kwaye ibuyele kwimodi yokulinda.
3. Ibhloko yePFC . Umsebenzi oyintloko weli candelo kukulungisa into yamandla, esebenzayo kwaye esebenzayo. Eyokuqala iyimfuneko ukuba iTV isebenze, ngelo xesha inokwandisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye ichaphazele ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza kwee-capacitors, ezichaphazela kakubi ubomi bokunikezelwa kwamandla ngokubanzi. Amandla asebenzayo enza isenzo esiluncedo, kwaye amandla asebenzayo agqithisela kuphela kumthwalo ukusuka kwijeneretha kwaye abuyele kwijeneretha.

Kubalulekile malunga nokunikezelwa kwamandla: https://youtu.be/vH8Nv1pZu8k Isixhobo sombane weTV kunye nezixhobo zayo eziphambili zichazwe kule vidiyo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3YTt9Cb3Kk

Ukulungisa ingxaki

Emva kokuba uziqhelanise nezinto ezikhoyo zesixhobo, qhubela phambili ekuxilongeni kwayo. Ukusebenzisa i-tester, ring the output of the standby power supply – isiphumo kufuneka sibe yi-5V. Ukuba i-voltage ingaphantsi kwesi sibonakaliso okanye ayikho ngokupheleleyo, ingxaki inokwenzeka ukuba ayiphumelelanga i-capacitors. Ukumisela oku, ukuhlolwa okulula kwezi nxalenye kwanele – ziya kuba yi-convex. Awona macandelo asemngciphekweni wezixhobo zombane zeTV abandakanya ii-capacitors zokucoca, ezilahlekelwa yimpahla yazo yegama ngokukhawuleza kunabanye. Kule meko, into eyonakalisiweyo ayisoloko inomonakalo obonakalayo. Ukucoca okungalunganga kukhokelela ekungasebenzini kombane, ukungaphumeleli kwe-inverter, ukungaphumeleli kwesoftware kwi-microcircuits ebhodini. Ukuba ii-capacitors zilungile, khangela i-fuse. Kule njongo, i-ringing isetyenzisiweyo, eya kubona ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwesiphaluka esifutshane. Kufuneka kwakhona uvavanye ibhodi ukusuka kwicala elingasemva, apho kufuneka uqale ukususa i-element kwisakhelo. Khangela oku kunxaxhile kulandelayo kwizixhasi:

• ukwenza mnyama;
• iintanda;
• ukuthengiswa kakubi kwezigqibo;
• izithuba phakathi kweengoma.

Konke oku kunokuvavanywa ngokubonakalayo, kwaye emva koko uthathe isigqibo malunga nendlela yokusombulula ingxaki. Ukuba uhlolo alubonisi nto, khangela i-resistors nge-multimeter. Isiphoso siya kuboniswa ngokumelana ne-zero.

Imiyalelo yenyathelo ngalinye yokulungisa umbane weTV

Izixhobo zamandla zeTV zanamhlanje, njengomthetho, isiphaluka esiqhelekileyo. Umahluko okhoyo wehla kuphela kubungakanani bamacandelo e-elektroniki kunye namandla aphumayo. Kule nkalo, ukuxilongwa kunye nokulungiswa kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Umbane oqhelekileyo wesekethe yeTV yangaphandle:

Izixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo

Ukulungiswa, kufuneka ugcine izixhobo kunye nezixhobo, ngaphandle kwayo akuyi kuba nako ukuphelisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle:

• intsimbi yokuthambisa ngamandla ahlengahlengiswayo;
• i-solder, utywala (ipetroli ecocekileyo), i-flux;
• i-solder remover;
• screwdrivers kwisethi;
• abasiki becingo (abasiki becala);
• i-tweezers;
• umvavanyi (i-multimeter);
• isibane 100 watts.

Ukuqala ukulungiswa kombane weTV, kufuneka ube nomzobo oqingqiweyo wemodeli esandleni (ngokungabikho enye, ungayikhuphela kwi-Intanethi kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi).

Inyathelo ngenyathelo imiyalelo yokusombulula ingxaki unikezelo lwamandla

Ngokulandela ulandelelwano lwesikimu sokulungisa ingxaki, unokubona kwaye ulungise owona monakalo uphambili kubonelelo lwamandla lweTV:

1. Sijonga intambo yamandla, i-socket kunye / okanye intambo yokwandisa umonakalo.
2. Siqhawula iTV kwaye sikhulule ibhodi ye-elektroniki.
3. Sihlola iibhodi zokubonelela ngombane, sityhila ukuba kukho ii-capacitors ezidumbileyo, iimeko eziqhumayo, ii-resistors ezitshisiweyo.
4. Sijonga i-soldering, ngakumbi i-soldering yabafowunelwa be-pulse transformer.
5. Ukuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuchonga ngokubonakalayo into eyonakalisiweyo, sivavanya ngokulandelelana i-fuses, i-diodes, i-electrolytic transistors kunye ne-capacitors. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuseka ukuchithwa kwe-microcircuits yokulawula kuphela ngokungathanga ngqo – xa kungekho mandla, kwaye zonke izinto ezicacileyo zihamba kakuhle. Ekusebenzeni, kwenzeka ukuba xa imodyuli yamandla ingasebenzi, i-fuse ihlala ilungile. Imeko enjalo ingabonisa ingxaki kwi-transistor ye-high-frequency pulse generator.
6. Sijonga, ngaphandle kwe-soldering ebhodini, nokuba kukho ikhefu kwi-ballast resistance, isiphaluka esifutshane se-high-voltage filter capacitor, ukutshiswa (ukuphuka) kwe-diodes yokulungisa.
7. Emva kokuba sichonge into eyonakeleyo, siyibuyisela endaweni yayo.
8. Ukuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle kufunyenwe xa i-TV ishushu, inokupheliswa ngokupholisa into ephosakeleyo nge-cotton swab efakwe kwi-alcohol okanye i-acetone. Ukuba akwaziwa ukuba yeyiphi inxalenye yesizathu, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunokucatshukiswa ngokufudumeza enye okanye enye into ngentsimbi ye-soldering.
9. Siphonononga ukulungiswa. Sifaka isibane endaweni yefuse, vula iTV kwinethiwekhi. Ukuba isibane sikhanyisa kwaye siphume, isalathisi sivuliwe, i-raster ibonakala kwisikrini, into yokuqala esiyenzayo kukulinganisa i-voltage yokuskena ethe tye. Ukuba iphezulu kakhulu, khangela kwaye ubeke endaweni ye-electrolytic capacitors. Ukuziphatha okufanayo kubonwa xa kwenzeka ukungaphumeleli kwee-optocoupler pairs.
10. Ukuba isalathisi sithule xa ukukhanya kukhanya kwaye kuphuma, akukho raster, oku kubonisa ingxaki ngokuqalisa i-pulse generator. Sijonga inqanaba le-voltage kwi-electrolytic capacitor yesihluzi senxalenye ye-high-voltage. Ukuba ayibonisi ngaphezu kwe-279 volts, sikhangele isizathu kwiidiode eziphukileyo zebhuloho yokulungisa okanye ukuvuza kwe-capacitor. Ukuba akukho mbane kwaphela, siphinda sijonge iisekethe zamandla. Kufuneka kwakhona uvavanye zonke ii-diode ze-high voltage rectifier.
11. Ngokukhanya okuqinileyo kwesibane, qhawula ngokukhawuleza iTV kwinethiwekhi. Sivavanya zonke izinto zombane kwakhona.

I-Samsung UA32EH4003 ukulungiswa kombane weTV: https://youtu.be/uGYd3hE8Zfw Indlela yokuxilonga ukusilela kombane weTV ngenyathelo kunye nendlela yokulungisa esi sixhobo sichazwe kule vidiyo yoqeqesho: https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v =daXMYuZ1CXg Ukulungiswa kombane otshintshayo kwiiTV: https://youtu.be/yru9PNAKAkE Ukusilela kobonelelo lwamandla ngomnye wezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zokusilela kweTV. Ukukhokelwa yimiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, unokwenza ukulungiswa ngokwakho. Ukungabikho kokuziqhelanisa okwaneleyo kunye nolwazi lwethiyori, kungcono ukuba uqhagamshelane ngokukhawuleza nevenkile yokulungisa ukuze ugweme iingxaki ezinzulu.