Ungaxhuma kanjani kahle ibhokisi le-digital set-top bese usetha umamukeli

Ukuxhuma nokulungisa ibhokisi le-digital set-top box akumele kube inkinga kumsebenzisi ngocwaningo oluningiliziwe kanye nokubambelela ngokuqinile ezincomo kanye nemiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ephakanyiswe esihlokweni.

Imishini edingekayo yokuxhuma i-TV set-top box: ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo

Ukuze ukwazi ukusakaza ngefomethi yedijithali ku-TV endala noma entsha, uzodinga ukuthenga amathuluzi athile:

• set-top box elisekelwa ifomethi ye-DVB-T2 ;
• ikhebula elithembekile elinezixhumi ezifanele;
• i- antenna yokudlulisa isignali ye-TV.

Ibhokisi lokumisa phezulu (umamukeli) likamabonakude wedijithali

Isidingo sokuthenga ibhokisi le-digital set-top box noma umamukeli silele eqinisweni lokuthi lisiza ukususa ukubhala ngekhodi isignali ye-TV yedijithali etholiwe ku-TV.

Amanye amasethi we-TV akhiqizwa ngemuva kuka-2012 asevele aneshuna yedijithali njengejwayelekile. Lokhu kuqeda isidingo sokuthenga
isamukeli esengeziwe – ungaqala ngokushesha ukulungisa i-antenna.

Uma i-TV ingenayo ishuna yedijithali, kuba nesidingo sokuthenga ibhokisi langaphandle lokumisa phezulu. Imodeli yomamukeli kufanele icabangele izimfuneko eziphansi zezinga lakamuva:

1. Ikhono lokusekela i-DVB-T2 . Amamodeli we-TV angase abe neshuna yedijithali yefomethi endala ye-DVB-T yokuthola isignali ye-TV, kodwa lena ifomethi ephelelwe yisikhathi futhi ngeke ifaneleke ezimeni ezintsha.
2. Ukuba khona kokusekelwa kwevidiyo ngefomethi ye-mp4 . Ikuvumela ukuthi udlale amavidiyo ekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu.

I-set-top box inganikezwa izici ezengeziwe ezifanele abasebenzisi lapho bexhuma ama-TV amadala kumamukeli:

1. Ubukhona be-USB . Ukuba khona kwalesi sixhumi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuxhuma i-flash drive namamuvi kumamukeli ukuze abukwe ku-TV enesikrini esikhulu. Kulokhu, asikho isidingo sokuxhuma ku-inthanethi.
2. Uhlelo lokumisa okwesikhashana ukusakazwa kwe-TV ngesikhathi sokusakazwa bukhoma nokukuqopha kusigcinalwazi ukuze kubukwe kamuva.
3. Usekelo lokuxhuma kumzila . Kungenzeka ukuxhuma usebenzisa i-Wi-Fi noma ngoxhumano lwe-LAN (izintambo).
4. Isistimu yokusebenza Android . Ngenxa yalolu hlelo lokusebenza, i-TV yasekhaya endala izokwanela ukudala isikhungo sokuzijabulisa se-multimedia.

Uma uxhuma imishini kuma-
Smart TV esimanje , asikho isidingo sezindleko ezengeziwe zokuthenga ibhokisi le-set-top ebiza kakhulu, ngoba isethi ye-TV izobe inesistimu yayo yokusebenza. Lesi sici senza idivayisi ibe isikhungo se-multimedia. Kulesi simo, ukusakazwa kwe-TV yedijithali kuzotholakala ngisho nangothi olushibhe kakhulu olusekela ifomethi ye-DVB-T2. Ungakhetha kanjani i-DVB T2 set-top box ka-2020: https://youtu.be/Z5zluZx2CjM

Ikhebula

Ikhwalithi yesithombe ephezulu yefomethi yokusakaza yanamuhla idinga ukusetshenziswa kwentambo ye-HDMI. Imele intuthuko yakamuva nethuthuke kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana. Ngocingo olunjalo, ikhwalithi yesithombe izoba yi-HD. Kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukuxhuma ibhokisi le-digital set-top box kusethi ye-TV endala. Idivayisi ye-TV ingase ifakwe izimbobo eziphelelwe yisikhathi – “tulips” (isixhumi se-RCA). Ukuze uxhume okokusebenza okwezizukulwane ezahlukene, udinga ukuthenga i-adaptha ye-RCA-HDMI eyengeziwe. Lesi sixhumanisi sizoxhunywa ngentambo ngakolunye uhlangothi ekuphumeni kwe-RCA, futhi kolunye kuxhumeke ku-HDMI. Ungakhetha kanjani ikhebula le-HDMI? https://youtu.be/IoyjxyVg_Gw

I-Antenna

Ukwamukela ifomethi yesimanje ye-DVB-T2 yokusakaza yedijithali kungenzeka cishe nganoma yiluphi uthi. Uma kungekho ukuphazamiseka ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kwe-TV ye-analogi futhi umsindo ku-TV ungazange unyamalale, lokho kusho ukuthi idivayisi enjalo ingase isetshenziselwe ukusakaza ngedijithali.

Indlela yokwenza i-antenna yakho yethelevishini yedijithali kuxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe
kwenye indatshana .

Ngokwempendulo evela kubasebenzisi bezinti ezindala, kwezinye izimo, ukuthola ifomethi entsha yokusakaza kungenzeka ngisho nangothi
oluncane lwasendlini . Kulokhu, lapho uxhuma ithelevishini yedijithali, akudingekile ukusebenzisa imali ekuthengeni i-antenna entsha.

Uma kube nokuphazamiseka ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kwe-analog, khona-ke cishe kuyodingeka ukuthenga i-
amplifier yesignali ye-TV ekhethekile . Lo mshini uzodingeka uma umbhoshongo we-TV ukude kakhulu nothi.

I-amplifier kufanele ikhethwe, iqinisekise ukuthi imingcele ethile ingasekelwa:

1. ububanzi befrikhwensi . Ngokwezincomo zochwepheshe, ama-amplifiers e-broadband kufanele akhethwe ngenxa yekhono lawo lokubamba iziteshi eziningi ze-TV.
2. Ibanga lombhoshongo kamabonakude oseduze . Uma indlu itholakala ebangeni elingaphezu kuka-150 km ukusuka embhoshongweni we-TV, ukuthenga i-amplifier ngeke kube namsebenzi. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, kuzodingeka isitsha sesathelayithi kuphela.
3. Inzuzo (iyunithi – ama-decibel). Kungcono ukuthenga i-amplifier esebenza ngaphakathi kwe-10-20 dB. Lezi yizinkomba ezimaphakathi, ezizokwanela ukuthola isignali ye-TV yekhwalithi ephezulu. Uma unemishini enamandla kakhulu, inani leziteshi ezengeziwe lizokhula, kodwa isithombe sizoba sekhwalithi embi kakhulu.
4. Inkomba yomsindo . Leli nani kufanele libe lincane – lingabi ngaphezu kuka-3 dB.

https://youtu.be/TzPEDjIGi00

Ungaxhuma kanjani ibhokisi le-digital set-top ku-TV: izindlela ezihlukene nemiyalelo yevidiyo

Ukuze uxhume kahle ibhokisi le-digital set-top ku-TV yakho, uzodinga ukusebenzisa intambo yesimanje ye-HDMI noma isixhumi se-RCA uma zingekho ezinye izinketho.

I-HDMI

Kuyinketho yesimanjemanje exhumanisa amadivaysi edijithali amaningana. Lobu buchwepheshe budlulisa umsindo wefomethi engcono kakhulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amapharamitha okuqala.

Ukuze kuvikelwe idatha ekukopishweni, okokusebenza kwesimanje kusebenzisa indlela ekhethekile yokuvikela eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Uma ikhebula le-HDMI libiza kakhulu, ulwazi oludluliswayo luzobethelwa ngokuvikeleke kakhulu.

Iphaneli yangemuva ku-TV kanye nomamukeli kufanele ifakwe isixhumi esiyisicaba se-HDMI. Ungakwazi ukuxhuma izingxenye kuphela ngokufaka iziphetho zekhebula ezimbotsheni ezimbili ngaphandle kwama-adaptha engeziwe. Okuwukuphela kwe-drawback yekhebula le-HDMI yizindleko eziphezulu zemishini. Ungakwazi ukuzuza ukonga okuthile uma ungasebenzisi ukubuka ku-TV yasekhaya ye-4K. Khona-ke ungakwazi ukudlula ngekhebula lama-ruble angu-500 uma usebenzisa zonke izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe. Nakuba lokhu kungeyona inketho engcono kakhulu, ukudluliswa kwesithombe se-Full HD kuzokwenzeka. Ibhokisi elibekwe phezulu lokusakaza kumabonakude wedijithali lixhunywe esimweni esinjalo ngokuya ngohlelo olulula kakhulu. Ungasifaka kanjani, usixhume futhi usilungise kanjani isamukeli se-TV DVB T2 digital terrestrial: https://youtu.be/KwhhnRAljYs

Ikhebula le-RCA

Ukuxhumana kusetshenziswa imojula ye-RCA kuyifomu eliphelelwe yisikhathi. Abasebenzisi bavame ukuyibiza ngokuthi “tulip” noma “bell”. Intambo iqukethe ama-cores angu-3 anemibala eyahlukene yamapulaki. Abakhiqizi basebenzise ngokukhethekile ukuhlukanisa imibala ukwenza kube lula kubantu ukunquma ukuhleleka kwezinto zokuxhuma.

Njengomthetho, ukuxhumana okunjalo kusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ama-TV amadala kumamukeli omusha wedijithali. Esimweni esinjalo, sebenzisa i-adaptha ekhethekile ye-RCA-HDMI.

Ngaphakathi kocingo kukhona ama-cores ahlukene, ngamunye wabo unomsebenzi othize. Isignali yevidiyo idluliselwa kusetshenziswa imbobo eyodwa, isignali yomsindo idluliselwa kusetshenziswa izintambo ezimbili zensimbi. Ububi obukhulu boxhumano olunjalo ukuxutshwa kwesiginali yevidiyo ngenxa yokudluliselwa kokusakaza okuningana esiteshini esisodwa. Lokhu kubangela ukuhlanekezelwa kwesithombe. Indlela yokuxhuma i-DVB-T2 digital set-top box ku-TV nge-HDMI nekhebula le-RCA kuchazwe kuvidiyo elandelayo: https://youtu.be/4KrR7wVUudw

Ukuxhuma ikhebula othi

Ngalokhu kuxhumana, kusetshenziswa ikhebula le-coaxial, eliqukethe lezi zingxenye ezilandelayo:

• umqhubi ophakathi;
• ukufakwa kwe-dielectric;
• ungqimba olungaphandle oluvikelayo;
• sheath ukuvikela umqhubi emathonyeni angaphandle amabi.

Ucingo kufanele lukhethwe kucatshangelwa i-sheath yangaphandle ukuze inikeze ukuvikeleka okuthembekile komgodi wangaphakathi ekulimaleni okungenzeka. Njengomthetho, i-PVC noma i-PE isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezingqimba zangaphandle. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe ubukhulu be-coating – kuncike ekutheni ucingo luzovikelwa kanjani ekucindezelekeni kwemishini.

Ngaphambilini, abakhiqizi basebenzisa i-sheath enemibala ehlukene (emnyama, emhlophe), futhi ochwepheshe belulekwa ukuthi bathenge ukuvikelwa okumnyama lapho ucingo lubekwe eceleni komgwaqo wesakhiwo. Manje lo mehluko awubalulekile: zonke izendlalelo zivikela umongo emonakalweni.

Kungaba ngcono uma i-foil yensimbi ene-braid yensimbi ehlukile isetshenziselwa ukwenza umqhubi. Isidingo salolu ungqimba sibalulekile ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle okuvela ezintweni zikagesi eziseduze ne-TV. I-central core kumele ibe yithusi. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, lokhu kunomthelela ekudlulisweni kwekhwalithi engcono esikrinini.

Ukuxhuma i-set-top box ku-Soviet TV

Izakhamizi eziningi zisenawo ama-TV enkathi yamaSoviet, akhululwa ekuqaleni kwawo-90s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ukuxhuma umamukeli kumishini enjalo akuwona umsebenzi olula ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezixhumi “ze-tulip” kuwo. Ngamanye ama-TV ahlome ngezikhindi, amasignali ezingxenye kuphela angatholwa. Kunezinketho ezimbili zokubhekana nalezi zinkinga:

• sesha isekethe ku-conductor kuya kokufakiwe kwe-A / V ukuze i-scart kanye nokubekwa uphawu kwayo okuzimele;
• ukuthenga esitolo se-adaptha ekhethekile yokuxhuma ikhebula le-RCA kumamukeli noma ikhebula le-adaptha.

Kukhona nama-Elektron TV amadala, anganikezi noma yikuphi okokufaka, ngaphandle kwe-antenna. Ngalesi sixhumi, i-TV izothola isignali eshintshiwe enefrikhwensi ephezulu. Ukuze ubuke ithelevishini yedijithali kumishini enjalo, uzodinga ukuthenga imoduli eyengeziwe efakwe izixhumi ze-RCA. Ungaxhuma kanjani ibhokisi le-digital set-top ku-TV endala usebenzisa ibhodi le-modulator ye-Rf kuchazwe kuvidiyo engezansi: https://youtu.be/4aqEcGDw0rc

Ungaxhuma kanjani i-TV yedijithali kuma-TV amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa

Njengomthetho, isamukeli sedijithali sixhunywe ku-TV eyodwa. Uma kukhona abamukeli bethelevishini abambalwa ekhaya, ngokuvamile basebenzisa amabhokisi e-set-top ahlukene ngayinye yazo. Ngisho nokucabangela izindleko eziphansi zomamukeli, abasebenzisi bavame ukuzama ukugwema izindleko ezingadingekile futhi bathenge ibhokisi elilodwa lama-TV amabili. Lesi simo singenzeka ngaphansi kwemikhawulo ethile:

• Esinye sezamukeli ze-TV kufanele sifakwe okokufaka kwe-HDMI . Amathuba okusebenzisa amasethi amabili we-TV amadala awafakiwe.
• I-TV eyodwa nenye izoba nesithombe esifanayo ngenxa yokungenzeki kokubuka iziteshi ze-TV eziningana kuzo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ukushintsha isiteshi kuzokwenzeka kuphela kusilawuli kude se-TV eyinhloko (ene-HDMI). Ukushintsha isiteshi se-TV esamukeli se-TV sesibili, udinga ukuya kwelinye igumbi, ngoba isilawuli kude ngeke sisebenze odongeni.

Ukuxhuma ibhokisi le-TV yedijithali ku-TV kwenzeka ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ikhebula le-HDMI lishuthekwa kusixhumi se-TV eyinhloko bese lixhunywa kokokufaka okufunayo kumamukeli.
2. Ukuxhunywa kwe-TV yesibili nebhokisi le-set-top kwenziwa kusetshenziswa intambo ye-RCA, enye ingxenye ixhunywe ku-TV.
3. Ikhebuli yothi ixhunywe ebhokisini le-digital set-top kusetshenziswa imbobo efanelekile.

Uma zonke izenzo zenziwe ngendlela efanele, isithombe esifanayo sizosakazwa kuma-TV amabili.

Ixhuma ngentambo ye-coaxial

Ikhebuli ye-antenna e-coaxial isetshenziswa uma kuxhunywa i-TV endala kakhulu futhi engenakho okokufaka kwevidiyo. Ngaphambi komsebenzi, kuyadingeka ukuvala amandla e-TV bese uxhuma i-antenna ngqo kumamukeli usebenzisa i-coaxial wire. Bese kushunwa iziteshi. https://youtu.be/vFspjBOoUkU

Akubona bonke abemukeli abanokufakwa kwezinti. Mayelana nalokhu, kufanele ucabange ngokushesha ngokuthenga ibhokisi le-set-top elifanelekile lemodeli ethile ye-TV yesitayela esidala.

Uxhumano ngaphandle umamukeli

I-TV entsha kuphela eneshuna yedijithali eyakhelwe ngaphakathi engahlinzeka ngamashaneli edijithali ngaphandle komamukeli okhethekile. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lutholakala ngokuhweba kusukela ngo-2012. Ulwazi mayelana nokuthi i-TV inaso yini isamukeli sedijithali esakhelwe ngaphakathi ikhonjiswe emiyalweni noma ephaketheni.

Ungalenza kanjani i-digital set-top box bese uxhuma iziteshi

Umamukeli ngamunye une-interface yakhe. Ngokuvamile, udinga ukulandela le nqubo elandelayo:

1. Ngerimothi udinga ukuya kumenyu.
2. Iya kokuthi “Izilungiselelo” noma “Izinketho”.
3. Khetha izinga lesignali ye-TV (kulesi simo i-DVB-T2).
4. Chofoza okuthi “Sesha ngokuzenzakalela”. Ngemva kwesikhashana, zonke iziteshi ze-TV ezitholakalayo zizotholakala.

Uma ukusesha okuzenzakalelayo kuthole inombolo enganele yamashaneli e-TV noma aziwatholanga nhlobo, kufanele uye kokuthi “Ukushuna mathupha” kumenyu.

Ungalenza kanjani ibhokisi eliphezulu leziteshi ezingama-20 kumodi yezandla kuboniswa kuvidiyo engezansi: https://youtu.be/Fcb8l2Snwb0

Ukuhlolwa Kwekhwalithi Yesiginali

Uma iziteshi ze-TV zitholakala, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ikhwalithi yokwamukela ilungile. Uma kungenjalo, ungathola isimo lapho isithombe sizoshintsha sibe yiqoqo lamaphikseli anemibala ehlukene, simise noma sinyamalale ngokuphelele esikrinini. Ukuze uhlole ikhwalithi, kufanele usebenzise inkinobho yolwazi kusilawuli kude. Ungase udinge ukucindezela inkinobho eluhlaza. Izinhlanganisela zingahluka kancane phakathi kwamamodeli. Incazelo eqondile yezinkinobho ingatholakala emiyalweni yabamukeli. Efasiteleni elivelayo, izikali ezimbili ezinamandla nekhwalithi yesignali ye-TV zizogqanyiswa. Inketho engcono kakhulu – zombili izinkomba zingaphezu kuka-70-80%. Lokhu kuzosho ukuthi ukwamukela isignali kuyazethemba. Uma kungenjalo, uzodinga ngokucophelela (ngesentimitha) ukuhambisa uthi. Ukulungiswa ngakunye kufanele kuhambisane nesheke lezinkomba ezidingekayo. Ngomphumela omuhle kuphela, ukulungiselelwa kuzoqedwa. https://youtu.be/eKakAAfQ2EQ

Izinkinga nezisombululo ezingenzeka

Ngesikhathi sokusethwa kwebhokisi eliphezulu, izinkinga ezilandelayo zingase zenzeke:

1. Kunomsindo esithombeni . Lokhu kungenxa yesignali ebuthakathaka noma ukuntuleka kokuxhumana. Kudingeka unikeze isiqondiso esifaneleka kakhudlwana se-antenna futhi uhlole kabusha uxhumano lwezintambo.
2. Isithombe esimnyama nesimhlophe . Udinga ukuhlola ukuthi izintambo zixhumeke ngendlela efanele yini. Kuzilungiselelo zoshuna, udinga ukukhetha iPal noma i-Avto.
3. Ezinye iziteshi ze-TV azitholakali . Udinga ukushintsha ukuma kwe-antenna noma uphinde uskene usebenzisa ukusesha okuzenzakalelayo.
4. Zonke iziteshi ze-TV azitholakali . Udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uxhumo lulungile bese uqala ukusesha okuzenzakalelayo futhi.

Izinkinga ezengeziwe ngokusakazwa kwe-TV yedijithali zichazwe
kulesi sihloko .

Ukuxhuma umamukeli kumamukeli we-TV akuyona inqubo enzima. Ukuze wenze ukuxhumana okulungile, izinhlobo zezintambo nezixhumi kufanele zicatshangelwe. Uma usetha, udinga ukusebenzisa ukusesha kwesiteshi okuzenzakalelayo noma okwenziwa mathupha, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uhlola ikhwalithi yokudluliswa kwesignali.