I-antenna ye-TV “Polyachka” yokwamukela i-DVB-T2 yebanga elide: ukukhethwa kwe-amplifier, isimanje, ukufakwa

Abasebenzisi abaningi bethelevishini yedijithali bayazibuza ukuthi ingabe i-antenna yohlelo olupholile izohambisana
nokwamukela kwe-DVB-T2 . Le nkinga yaphuthuma ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuba uhulumeni ethathe izinyathelo zokwenza ngcono ukubonakaliswa kwezimpawu futhi izifunda eziningi zixhunywe
ekusakazeni kukamabonakude ngedijithali .

Ingabe igrill yasePoland ikulungele ukwamukela i-TV yedijithali?

I-Polish mesh antenna ngesikhathi esisodwa yasabalala ngokushesha ezweni lonke futhi yazuza ukuduma kubasebenzisi abaningi. Lo mshini awuthobekile ekulungisweni futhi ngemva kokufakwa akudingi ukulungiswa okwengeziwe. Ngokufika kokusakaza kwedijithali kwe-DVB-T2 ezweni, abasebenzisi baqala ukuthola ama
– amplifiers ahlukahlukene alolu hlobo lwe-antenna, okubavumela ukuba bathwebule isignali yedijithali futhi bayisakaze ku-TV.
Uhlu lwe-antenna ngokwalo luyi-broadband. Ngamanye amazwi, imishini enjalo iyakwazi ukuthola amasiginali ahlukahlukene wobubanzi bamamitha namadesimitha. Lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sivumela idivayisi ukuthi ibambe amasiginali we-TV yedijithali ngefomethi ye-DVB-T2.

Igrille yasePoland akuyona inketho efanelekile kakhulu esetshenziselwa ukwamukela amabanga amade eziteshi ze-TV zedijithali. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idivayisi idinga ukuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa ngaphambi kokuthi iqale ukusebenza kububanzi obufunekayo.

Izici zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko ze-antenna yasePoland

Ububanzi be-Poles busebenza kusuka ku-40 kuye ku-800 MHz. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole amasiginali futhi ubuke izinhlelo ze-TV ukusuka esiteshini 1 kuya ku-20. Ngokulungiswa okuncane nokuxhumeka kwe-amplifier, kuyenzeka futhi ukubuka iziteshi ze-TV kusuka ku-21 kuya ku-69. Ukwengeza, ekucushweni okuyisisekelo kwanoma yimaphi amamodeli we-array-type antennas, kukhona ukukhuliswa kwesignali okufika kuma-decibel angu-13, njengoba kanye ne-impedance yegagasi ye-300 ohms. Ubukhulu bemishini buncane (80×60 cm), isisindo singu-1.5 kg. Uhlu lwezingxenye ze-antenna lapho uthenga luyamangaza:

• ama-vibrator asebenzayo (i-DMV, i-MV);
• ama-vibrator (abaqondisi);
• ojantshi bokuqiniswa kwemigqa eyisisekelo yamagagasi namaza ezindlu zepulasitiki;
• ukukhweza kwe-antenna nge-reflector;
• amabhlogo we-voltage aphansi;
• amamodeli ahlukahlukene we-amplifier ekukhetheni komthengi;
• amapulaki ajwayelekile okuxhumana.

Amakhebuli angama-coaxial adingekayo ukuxhuma idivayisi kumhumushi athengwa ngokuhlukana.

Ngabe i-antenna ye-Polyachka TV isebenza kanjani lapho ithola isignali yedijithali?

Isethi eyisisekelo
ayisho ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ukuthola iziteshi ze-TV eziyidijithali eziyi-10 noma ezingama-20 ezisatshalaliswa ezweni lonke.. Kunoma yikuphi, kuze kube yilapho kuvela ukubuyekezwa okusemthethweni kwe-antenna evela kumkhiqizi, kuzodingeka uyithuthukise ngokwakho ukuze ufinyelele izinga lesignali elidingekayo. Ngokulungiswa okufanele, igrille yasePoland isabela kahle ekwamukelweni kwesignali yedijithali yebanga elide. Kukhona iphesenti elincane lokungenzeka ukuthi, ngenxa yobubanzi obufanayo bokwamukela isignali, uthi lungathwebula isithombe kancane futhi lusakaze umsindo ngaphandle kokulungiswa. Nokho, isignali izoba buthakathaka, futhi kuyoba nzima ukuyilungisa unomphela. I-amplifier ejwayelekile eza nama-antenna arrays nayo ayifanele ukusebenza nomabonakude wedijithali. Idinga ukuthuthukiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokwamukela isignali. Umphumela omuhle utholakala kuphela uma i-antenna iseduze nombhoshongo ophindayo.

Ukukhetha i-amplifier ye-lattice yasePoland yokwamukela isignali yebanga elide le-DVB-T2

Ngaphandle kwe-amplifier, i-lattice yasePoland ngeke ikwazi ukwamukela nokucubungula amasignali angenayo esizukulwane esisha. I-amplifier eyisisekelo ku-antenna yasePoland ikhiqizwa ngokuhlukana. Ezitolo ze-electronics zomsakazo, zingathengwa ngama-ruble angekho ngaphezu kwama-200.
Ekukhetheni i-amplifier, konke kuncike ekutheni iliphi ibanga lesignali umsebenzisi okufanele alisebenzise ukuze alamukele. Isici somsakazo ngasinye se-amplifier ejwayelekile silungiswa kusetshenziswa indlela ehingekile engxenyeni eyinhloko yothi. Kulapho, engxenyeni emaphakathi yemishini, lapho kubekwa khona ibhokisi elincane elivikelwe. Ngokusebenzisa ibhodi efakwe kuyo, ungakwazi ukufeza ukuthuthukiswa komphumela wokwamukela isignali.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wama-amplifiers we-antenna yedijithali ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezimpawu zethelevishini ezingenayo. Noma yimaphi amamodeli emakethe akhulisa kahle amasiginali okusakazwa okutholiwe – ikhwalithi yawo incike ebangeni ukusuka kophindaphindayo oyinhloko.

Ukuze ukhethe imodeli ethile ye-amplifier, kuye ngamandla nebanga ukusuka kumbhoshongo we-TV, ungaqondiswa ithebula:

Ezitolo nasemakethe yomsakazo, ungathola inani elikhulu labahumushi bothi lwesi-Polish. Kunamamodeli amaningi ongakhetha kuwo. Zonke zinezilinganiso ezifanayo, kodwa ziyahlukahluka ngekhwalithi yokwamukela namandla esignali ukusuka kuma-decibel angama-30 kuye kwangama-48. Wonke amabhodi we-amplifier, kuhlanganise nalawo okuthola isignali yedijithali, ane-voltage engu-12 volts, ayithola kumayunithi aphansi we-voltage angu-220 kuya ku-12 volts. Wonke amandla kagesi angenayo aya ebhodini elikhulu eliku-antenna adlula kupulaki elikhethekile eline-capacitor eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ngosizo lwayo, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla kanye nesignali engenayo.

Lapho ukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwe-amplifier ye-antenna yohlu, ungathintana nomakhelwane bakho noma ubone ukuthi iyiphi imodeli abayifakile ophahleni. Usebenzisa ithebula, ungakwazi ukubala isilinganiso sezinga lesiginali yedijithali ezofinyelela okokusebenza kwakho.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka uma uzama ukuthola i-TV yedijithali usebenzisa i-Polish lattice

Ama-antenna asePoland asebenza ngokujwayelekile ane-amplifier kanye nogesi angase abe nalokhu kungasebenzi kahle okulandelayo:

• isignali iqala ukunyamalala ngokuphelele;
• lapho usetha ukusakazwa kwethelevishini yedijithali, isikali esibonisa izinga lesignali siqala ukukhula ngokushesha sibe yi-100 noma, ngokuphambene, sehla siye ku-0;
• kukhona ukwamukela ekuqaleni, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iqala ukuba buthakathaka noma iphele ngokuphelele;
• isithombe siqala ukwehla, ama-cubes avela, umsindo uqala ukungingiza;
• eziteshini ezingama-20 ezitholakalayo zokusakaza mahhala, ziyishumi kuphela ezikhonjiswayo – futhi nalapho zinesithombe esibi;
• uma i-antenna itholakala endaweni ephakeme ephansi efika kumamitha angu-2.5-3, khona-ke izimoto ezidlula kuyo emgwaqeni zingabangela ukuthi isignali iqale udoti.

Konke lokhu kuholela esidingweni sokuthuthukiswa kokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokwamukela nokuvimbela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkinga.

Uma uvula ukwamukela ukusakazwa kwedijithali futhi ubone imitha yeleveli iqala ukuphakama futhi yehle ngokushesha, kusho ukuthi iyalahleka. Ngamanye amazwi, isignali enjalo yedijithali nge-Pole ayifaneleki ukuqoshwa. Kulokhu, imishini izodinga ukushintshwa.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma igridi yasePoland ingayamukeli i-DVB T2?

Uma i-Pole ingayamukeli i-DVB T2 futhi ingaphenduli nganoma iyiphi indlela kumasethingi okwenziwa ngesandla, lokhu akukwazi ukuba iphutha le-TV. Abasebenzisi abaningi bathola ukuthi inzuzo eyisisekelo etholakala ku-plasma yanamuhla namadivayisi we-LCD kwanele ukufinyelela ileveli yokusakaza yedijithali. Ngokusho kwabathengisi abaningi, ama-TV anamuhla anekhono lokuthola isignali ngaphandle kokuxhuma izinti. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, kuvela ukuthi uma umuntu ekude kakhulu nophindaphinda isignali, ukwamukela kubi nakakhulu. Lesi simo sibonakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude zezwe, ezisanda kushintshela ekusakazeni kumabonakude ngedijithali. Imibhoshongo ephindaphindayo kufanele yengeze ukukhulisa ukuze izakhamuzi zendawo zikwazi ukuzuza ikhwalithi efanayo naleyo yamashaneli asemadolobheni anayo. Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela isignali embi lapho uthola DVB-T2 amandla anda. Umhumushi okhethwe ngendlela engafanele angakwazi ukwandisa ngokuphawulekayo okuphumayo, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni. Kunezindlela ezine zokulungisa le nkinga futhi uzuze ukwamukela okungcono kakhulu kwe-TV yedijithali. Ukwenziwa kwesimanje kwe-antenna yasePoland ye-DVB T2: https://youtu.be/SiIg8yWLaY8

Indlela yokuqala

Uma umsebenzisi enesiphakeli samandla esilawulwayo, ngeke kube khona inkinga ngokushintsha amandla ophindayo. Ngokuvamile abalawuli abanjalo banokulawula okwenziwa ngesandla. Ukuze unciphise amandla angenayo, kwanele ukuguqula izikulufi ezitholakala kuphaneli emaphakathi ye-amplifier ngokuphambene newashi. Kulokhu, i-voltage yehla ngaphansi kwe-12 volts. Umkhawulo ubuncane 2 volts. Kudingeka ukwehlisa izinga lesignali uma ukusakazwa kwe-TV kuvuliwe, ukuze ulandele ukuthi kuboniswa kanjani ekudlalweni kwakho ku-TV. Lapho ushintsha izinga lesiginali, ukuguqulwa kwayo kukhwalithi yokubonisa isithombe kuzokwenzeka ngokubambezeleka okuncane, ngakho-ke kufanele ulinde kancane.

Indlela yesibili

Amamodeli we-TV wakamuva anamashuna ahlukahlukene anekhono lokwamukela isignali yedijithali. Kulokhu, ungasebenzisa iqhinga elincane ukunciphisa kakhulu amandla anikezwe i-adaptha yezinti. Lokhu kuzosebenzisa imbobo ye-USB evela ku-TV. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga ukwenza lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Thatha intambo ye-TV bese ufaka ipulaki ye-TV.
2. Thenga i-adaptha ekuvumela ukuthi unikeze amandla othini ngembobo ye-USB.
3. Xhuma i-adaptha embobeni bese uhambisa ikhebula lamandla ku-booster ye-antenna.

Intengo ye-adaptha ye-USB yamandla ayidluli ama-ruble angama-300. Itholakala cishe kuzo zonke izitolo ze-electronics futhi ayidingi amakhono akhethekile ukuyifaka.

Indlela yesithathu

Uma kukhona i-set-top box yokwamukela i-TV yedijithali ekhaya, ungakwazi ukuqondisa amandla asuka kuyo ngokuqondile aye ku-amplifier ye-antenna. Kulokhu, esikhundleni sama-volts angu-12 afakiwe, i-amplifier efakwe phezulu etholakala phezulu kwe-antenna ngeke ithole ama-volts angu-5 ukusuka ku-set-top box ngentambo kamabonakude exhunywe ngaphambili.
Odinga ukukwenza ukulandela izinyathelo ezi-3 ezilula:

1. Lungisa ipulaki ye-TV evamile kukhebuli ye-TV.
2. Xhuma i-set-top box ku-TV.
3. Vula imenyu ye-set-top box bese ukhetha into lapho amandla othi asebenza khona.

Ngokuya ngemodeli ye-set-top box, imenyu kanye nendlela yokuvula izinti kungase kwehluke, ngakho-ke kufanele ubhekisele emiyalweni efike nocingo.

Indlela yesine

Ungazama futhi uvale ngokuphelele amandla okuthi uthi. Kwezinye izimo (kuye ngokuthi i-antenna ikuphi kanye nesiphindaphindayo), isiginali ingafika ngale ndlela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga ukwenza lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Thatha isethi ye-TV.
2. Lungiselela ikhebula le-TV ngepulaki.
3. Xhuma ikhebula ku-set-top box kanye nothi ngaphandle kwamandla.

Le ndlela ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, njengoba amandla angase abe nguziro ngokuphelele, futhi isignali izofiphala kusukela ngesikhathi kuvulwa isiteshi se-TV.

Ukufakwa kwe-antenna

Omunye umbuzo othandwayo phakathi kwabasebenzisi lapho kungcono ukubeka nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani kahle i-grille yasePoland. Okokuqala, udinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela ulwazi ngale ndaba emiyalweni efika nemishini, ekhombisa imingcele eyinhloko yokubeka idivayisi. Imishini eyisisekelo yanoma iyiphi imodeli ye-antenna inensika ekhethekile yokulungisa uthi. Ukuze uvikele i-antenna ku-mast, uzodinga ukusebenzisa isibambi se-tie-bolt esifakiwe. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokushesha phansi kuze kube yisikhathi lapho i-antenna ibekwa endaweni ephakeme edingekayo.

Ngaphambi kokuphakamisa i-antenna mast futhi uyilungise, isibonelo, ophahleni, uzodinga ukulungisa ikhebula le-antenna, kanye nekhebula lamandla, elixhunywe kangcono ngokushesha uma lifakwe ku-mast yedivayisi.

Ngokuqondene nokukhethwa kobude nendawo yesamukeli sesignali yedijithali ngokwayo, amapharamitha lapha ahlala eyedwa futhi ancike lapho umsebenzisi ehlala khona. Lapho ufaka i-Pole, kunconywa ukuthi unamathele ku-algorithm elandelayo:

1. Xhuma umamukeli wesignali ku-TV.
2. Faka i-voltage ku-amplifier yesignali, nayo exhunywe ku-antenna.
3. Nquma indawo ehlobene nombhoshongo wethelevishini oseduze.
4. Jikisa i-antenna ibheke kumbhoshongo we-TV.

Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokwamukela, phakamisa kancane umamukeli wesignali ku-mast. Okwamanje lapho isithombe nomsindo kusezingeni eliphezulu, kufanele ulungise insika nge-antenna kule ndawo.

Ngemuva kokuthi umsebenzisi eselungise zonke izintambo ukuze iyunithi ivalwe ngaphandle, kufanele ihlanganiswe nomthungo ngeglue elingangeni manzi. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole ikhwalithi ephezulu yokwamukela isignali, ugweme ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umswakama ungene ngaphakathi. I-antenna yasePoland ikwazi ukuthola amagagasi ebanga elimisiwe ukusuka ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Uma ujikisa uthi ubheke embhoshongweni, izothola kuphela isignali engenayo eqondile. Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokwamukela, uma kunemibhoshongo eminingana yethelevishini ezungezile, kuyadingeka ukufaka izamukeli ezinobubanzi obufanayo kuzo. Buka ividiyo yokuthi ungasetha kanjani i-antenna ye-Polack ukuze uthole ukwamukela i-TV yedijithali ngempumelelo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nPuYzAL0ug Ithuthukisiwe, I-antenna yohlu lwe-Polish eshunwe kahle futhi egxilile ihle kakhulu ekutholeni ukusakazwa kwe-TV yedijithali yesimanje. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sisetshenziswa kuyatholakala kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi futhi akudingi umzamo omkhulu noma ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu.