Imiyalelo yokuxhuma i-TV kumzila ngekhebula

Muva nje, sekulula ukubukela amafilimu ku-inthanethi kumabonakude. Emiyalweni ye-TV, abakhiqizi bachaza indlela yokuyixhuma ekhaya ne-inthanethi yomhlaba wonke, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oqonda ngokucacile kuyo indlela yokuxhuma kahle irutha ku-TV. Sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Kungani uxhuma irutha ku-TV?

Ukuxhuma irutha ku-TV, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni kwaleyo misebenzi yedivayisi ye-TV exhunywe ku-inthanethi. Ama-TV amaningi esimanje anenketho ekhethekile ebizwa nge-Smart TV. Inikeza izici eziningi ezengeziwe.
Ngokwesibonelo:

• Ukufinyelela i-inthanethi kusetshenziswa isiphequluli se-TV esihlukile;
• ikhono lokubuka ama-movie nochungechunge ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile kanye ne-cinema eku-inthanethi;
• ikhono lokungena engxoxweni yevidiyo, futhi, uma unekhamera yewebhu, yenza amakholi wevidiyo usebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile;
• ungasebenzisa isevisi ye-YouTube ukubuka amamuvi;
• ungangena ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ezidumile: VKontakte, Facebook, Instagram, Odnoklassniki;
• ungafaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Google Play Isitolo.

Zonke lezi zinketho zenza i-TV ibe idivayisi ye-multimedia esebenzayo.

Yini oyidingayo ukuze uxhume i-TV yakho ku-inthanethi ngekhebula?

Ukuze uxhume irutha yakho ye-inthanethi ku-TV yakho ngekhebula, uzodinga ukuhlangabezana nemibandela embalwa futhi ube nenani lamadivayisi. Okungukuthi:

• Intambo ye-LAN (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Ethernet);
• I-TV ene-smart TV ne-LAN interface;
• umzila;
• ukutholakala kokufinyelela ku-inthanethi.

Ngaphambi kokuxhuma, thola uhlobo lwenethiwekhi (iyiphi iphrothokholi esetshenziswa umhlinzeki). Ungakwenza lokhu ngokuthintana nesevisi yosekelo lobuchwepheshe noma ngokufunda imigomo yenkontileka nenkampani. Izinketho zephrothokholi: i-PPPoE, i-L2TP, i-PPTP, i-IP eguquguqukayo noma emile.

Izinzuzo nobubi bendlela yokuxhuma

Abaningi bangase babe nombuzo – uma ungasebenzisa “Wi-Fi”, kungani utshala izintambo ekhaya? Kodwa uhlobo lokuxhumana olunezintambo lunohlu lwalo lwezinzuzo:

• akuwona wonke ama-TV anemojula ye-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, kulokhu ikhebula kuphela elizosindisa isimo;
• ukudluliswa kwedatha ngenethiwekhi enezintambo kuyashesha kakhulu kune-Wi-Fi – cishe wonke ama-routers anciphisa ijubane, ngoba kufanele asabalalise isignali kumadivayisi amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa (phakathi kwabahlanganyeli kunethiwekhi yendawo);
• ukuxhunywa kwekhebula kuzinze kakhulu kunezintambo (kuzoba khona ukwehluleka kokudluliswa kwedatha okumbalwa).

Kodwa indlela enezintambo nayo ine-drawback – ukuba khona kwezintambo. Zikude kakhulu ukuthi zikwazi ukungena ngaphakathi, ngaphezu kwalokho, zivame ukungena endleleni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma irutha ne-TV kuqhelelene.

Ngingayixhuma kanjani i-TV kumzila ngekhebula?

Sizokubonisa futhi sikutshele ukuthi ungayixhuma kanjani i-TV yakho ku-inthanethi usebenzisa irutha. Le ndlela ilungele noma yiluphi uhlobo lwephrothokholi. Kodwa uma le nkomba kuyi-PPPoE, L2TP noma iphrothokholi ye-PPTP, ungasebenzisa amarutha kuphela ukuxhuma.

Uma unekheli le-IP eliguqukayo noma elimile, ungakwazi ukuxhuma kalula ku-TV, kodwa ukuxhuma kumzila usebenzisa ikhebula nakho kungenzeka.

Ukuze uxhume nge-router, yenza lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Xhuma intambo yamandla ku-WAN noma embobeni ye-inthanethi.
2. Setha uxhumano ku-router ngokuya ngephrothokholi. Ukucushwa kwenziwa ekhasini lesiphequluli sendawo kokuthi 192.168.1.1 noma 192.168.0.1. Inqubo yokulungisa iphutha incike kumkhiqizi we-router (konke kufanele kubhalwe ngokuningiliziwe kubhukwana le-router).
3. Uma i-router ixhunyiwe futhi yalungiswa isikhathi eside, yeqa izinyathelo ezimbili zokuqala. Thatha intambo ye-Ethernet kumzila wakho. Uma ingafakiwe kukhithi noma imfushane kakhulu kuwe, thenga into entsha (ebhalwe ukuthi RJ-45) esitolo sezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha.
4. Xhuma ikhebula embobeni ye-LAN ngemuva kumzila (khetha noma yikuphi) – lokhu okukhiphayo kuvame ukubaphuzi.
5. Xhuma enye ingxenye yamahhala yentambo yamandla kusixhumi se-LAN ngemuva kwe-TV ngepulaki efanayo. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuvula i-TV.

Imiyalo yevidiyo:

Ukusethwa kwe-TV ngoxhumo lwezintambo

Ngemva kokuxhuma ngokoqobo i-TV nomzila, udinga ukumisa i-TV ukuze uthole amasignali e-inthanethi.

Ukusethwa kwe-TV nge-“Dynamic IP”

Uma unephrothokholi ye-Dynamic IP, i-inthanethi ku-TV izolungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokuxhuma ikhebula. Lokhu kuzoboniswa umlayezo othi “Kuxhunywe kunethiwekhi enezintambo” oboniswe esikrinini. Uma umyalezo ungaveli futhi ungakwazi ukufinyelela i-inthanethi, lungisa iphutha ngokwakho. Le nqubo izodingeka, isibonelo, lapho uxhuma i-TV ku-Samsung Smart TV:

1. Ukuze ufake izilungiselelo, cindezela inkinobho “Imenyu” kusilawuli kude.
2. Khetha ingxenye ethi “Inethiwekhi” kuzilungiselelo ezivulekayo.
3. Vula ingxenye ethi “Izilungiselelo Zenethiwekhi” bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi “Enter”.
4. Cacisa “Ikhebula” (uxhumano lwekhebula) kupharamitha “Yohlobo lwenethiwekhi”.
5. Chofoza Xhuma. Linda ukuthi isigaba sokuvumelanisa siqede.

Kwabamukeli be-TV abavela kwabanye abakhiqizi, isimiso sokusetha siyefana, kodwa ukusebenzelana komsebenzisi kuzohluka. Ezinye izingxenye zingase zibe negama elifanayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ibhulokhi enezilungiselelo zokuxhumanisa inethiwekhi noma inethiwekhi. Isibonelo, lapho uxhuma i-LG, kufanele uqale uchofoze “Isilungiselelo Soxhumano” bese “Ukusetha Manuwali”. Okulandelayo, khetha “Uxhumano Lwezintambo”.
Kufanele kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi umzila kufanele ube neseva esebenzayo >> ye-DHCP ezonikeza ngokuzenzakalelayo amakheli e-IP kumadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi. Uma kungenjalo, kufanele ufake mathupha wonke amapharamitha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga ukuchofoza inkinobho ethi “Izilungiselelo ze-IP”.

Ungayisetha kanjani i-IP emile ne-DNS ku-TV?

Uma uxhumeke ngokuqondile ku-inthanethi futhi usebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-IP Static, ngemva kwezilungiselelo zokuqala ze-TV (ezichazwe esigabeni esidlule), kufanele ufake idatha eshiwo kwinkontileka kuzilungiselelo zomamukeli we-TV: Ikheli le-IP, ikheli le-DNS. Ungawafaka kuphi:

1. Ngemva kokusethwa kokuqala koxhumano olunezintambo, hamba esigabeni Sesimo Soxhumano.
2. Chofoza “Izilungiselelo” / “Izilungiselelo ze-IP”.
3. Iya esigabeni esinezilungiselelo ze-IP. Setha imodi ku-“Manuwali” esikhundleni sokuzenzakalela (okugcina kubhekise kuphrothokholi ye-“Dynamic IP” – lesi isilungiselelo esizenzakalelayo).
4. Faka yonke idatha evela kwinkontileka nomhlinzeki: ikheli le-IP, imaski, isango kanye neseva ye-DNS. Chofoza KULUNGILE. Ngemuva kwalokho i-inthanethi kufanele iqale ukusebenza.

Ungalithola kanjani ikheli le-MAC le-TV?

Le khodi eyingqayizivele ikumadokhumenti edivayisi kamabonakude. Noma ungabuka ikheli esikrinini sesamukeli se-TV ngokwaso. Uma une-Samsung, ngalezi zinhloso, yiya esigabeni esithi “Ukusekela”, into ethi “Model Code” oyidingayo izoba sengxenyeni ethi “Ulwazi Lomkhiqizo”. Lena i-MAC yakho.

Isetha irutha ye-IPTV

Uxhume i-TV yakho ku-inthanethi ngerutha, futhi manje kufanele usethe umsebenzi we-IPTV ukuze ubuke amashaneli edijithali ku-inthanethi. Kwenziwa kanjani? Ukuzulazulela kusixhumi esibonakalayo somzila wewebhu, kufanele usebenzise izilungiselelo kokuthi 192.168.1.1 noma 192.168.0.1. Inqubo eyengeziwe incike kumkhiqizi womzila. Isibonelo, uhlelo olusha lokusebenza lwe-TP-Link luvumela ngokuzenzakalelayo umsebenzi we-IPTV (multicast) – akukho ukulungisa okungeziwe okudingekayo. Uma une-Asus, udinga ukunika amandla ukusakazwa okuningi kunethiwekhi yangakini. Uma unomzila weZyxel Keenetic, udinga ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Ukuze uhlanganise umsebenzi we-inthanethi kanye ne-IPTV, dala izixhumanisi ezimbili bese uzixhuma ku-WAN. Isibonelo, i-IPTV ihlinzekwa nge-VLAN 10, ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi kunikezwa nge-VLAN 100 (ungase ube nenye idatha – xhumana nomphakeli wakho noma thola ulwazi kwinkontileka).
2. Ukwakha uxhumano olusha lwe-IpoE ku-VLAN 10 (imbobo ye-IPTV), iya ku-inthanethi – IPoE, bese wengeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisha nge-VLAN ID 10.
3. Thikha amabhokisi amabili ngezansi kwesithombe sesixhumi esiluhlaza. Lungiselela izilungiselelo zesixhumi esibonakalayo esidingekayo. Ngokufanayo, sakha i-VLAN ene-ID 100 ye-inthanethi.
4. Faka i-VLAN ID. Iya kokuthi “Inethiwekhi Yasekhaya” – Iseva yommeleli ye-IGMP bese ukhetha u-“Interface Mapping”.

Amacala angawodwana

Sizohlaziya ngokwehlukana ama-nuances okuxhuma ama-routers kuma-TV wemikhiqizo ethile, kanye nokuxhuma ama-TV amadala.

Ixhumeka ku-Android TV

Njengoba i-Android TV iya ngokuya ifakwa kuma-TV esimanje, inqubo yokuxhuma iya iba lula. Uma uxhuma idivayisi kumzila usebenzisa ikhebula, i-TV izoyibona ngokuzenzakalelayo bese iya ku-inthanethi. Ungaqinisekisa lokhu ngokwenza okulandelayo:

1. Iya kokuthi “Izilungiselelo” ku-TV yakho.
2. Esigabeni esithi “Inethiwekhi ne-Inthanethi”, kufanele ithi “idivayisi ixhunywe ku-Ethernet” ngokuphrinta okuncane (esikhundleni sokuthi “WiFiKA.RU”, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi).

Ixhuma irutha ku-TV endala

Uma unomzila onokufinyelela ku-inthanethi ekhaya kanye ne-TV endala enokufakwa kwe-tulip, ungasebenzisa ibhokisi elikhethekile le-TV elihlakaniphile ukuze ubuke i-TV yedijithali futhi usebenzise i-World Wide Web. Ixhumeka ngokuqondile ku-TV bese ixhumeka kumzila ngoxhumo olunezintambo noma lwe-Wi-Fi.

Ngosizo lwebhokisi le-set-top, isignali iyaguqulwa futhi iboniswe ku-TV. Aqashwa kubasebenzisi abahlukene noma athengwe abasebenzisi.

Izici zokuxhuma ku-TV amanye amarutha:

• I-MTS. Irutha noma isitholi esihlinzekwe yi-MTS sifanelekile ukubuka amashaneli edijithali ekhwalithi ephezulu. Uma i-TV inesixhumi se-CI + kanye nesamukeli se-DVB-C esakhelwe ngaphakathi (imvamisa ama-TV amaningi), umsebenzisi angasebenzisa imojula yekhamera esikhundleni sebhokisi le-HD set-top.
• I-ZTE kanye ne-Asus. Azikho izinkinga ezithile ngamarutha e-ZTE. Ngokuvamile ungase udinge kuphela ukusetha izilungiselelo ngokwakho ngoba i-TV ayikwazi ukuzisetha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma usebenzisa amarutha e-ASUS, kunconywa ukuthi ubuyekeze izinhlelo zokusebenza zamadivayisi akhishwe ngo-2014-2016, njengoba ehamba kancane futhi evame ukwenza amaphutha.

Ama-routers avela ku-Rostelecom, Beeline, Xiaomi axhunywe ku-TV ngokohlelo lwakudala.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka uma uxhuma ngekhebula

Nakuba ukuxhuma ku-router akunzima njengoba kungase kubonakale, abasebenzisi bavame ukubhekana nezinkinga eziningi lapho bexhuma la madivayisi. Ngakho-ke, siqoqe amaphutha athile avamile lapho sixhuma i-router ne-TV, futhi sachaza isisombululo sabo. Izinyathelo ezijwayelekile:

• Landa i-firmware yedivayisi ku-PC yakho. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizi we-TV. Zama ukubhala amafayela alandiwe ku-flash drive efomethwe yi-FAT32. Okulandelayo, faka i-flash drive ku-TV futhi wenze ifayela lisebenze.
• Kungase kusize ukuthuthukisa okokusebenza kwe-TV yakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha into efanelekile kokuthi “Izilungiselelo”. Okulandelayo, kufanele “uvume” isivumelwano selayisense bese ulinda ukuthi isibuyekezo siqedele ukulanda.

Ungakwazi futhi ukusetha kabusha izilungiselelo zakho ze-TV. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iya kokuthi Izintandokazi Zesistimu bese uchofoza okuthi Setha Kabusha ithebhu. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukufaka i-PIN. Inhlanganisela ezenzakalelayo ithi “0000”. Okulandelayo, kufanele uvumelane nemigomo yesivumelwano somsebenzisi. Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele uzame ukuxhuma ku-router futhi.

Lapho usetha irutha, isistimu icela iphasiwedi

Ukucela iphasiwedi lapho uxhuma umzila kuyisimo esivamile kwamanye amasistimu wokusebenza we-Smart TV. Ngokuvamile, igama eliyimfihlo kuleli cala liyafana nephasiwedi yomzila noma i-PIN.

Ikhebula lixhunywe ngendlela efanele, kodwa idivayisi ayiphenduli ocingweni

Kulokhu, qaphela ubuqotho bekhebula lenethiwekhi. Izintambo ezinjalo zibuthakathaka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho zixhunywe khona. Uma kungenzeka, ungayisongi ikhebula le-LAN ngeteyipu kagesi, kodwa faka entsha.

Ukuphazamiseka kuvela esikrinini ngemva kokuxhuma kumzila

Uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka esibukweni, kufanele wenze ukusetha kabusha kwasekuqaleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iya kokuthi Izintandokazi Zesistimu bese uchofoza inketho yokusetha kabusha.

I-TV ayiyiboni irutha ye-Wi-Fi

Kufanele uqale uhlole ukuthi uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi luvuliwe yini. Uma impendulo inguyebo, khona-ke cishe inkinga ukuthi indawo yokumboza yamadivayisi ayithinti. Isixazululo: Sondeza irutha ye-Wi-Fi ku-TV.

Izinyathelo ze-Samsung TV

Uma wehluleka ukuxhuma ku-inthanethi uma uzama ukuxhuma i-Samsung TV yakho kumzila, kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ongazithatha. Lawa alandelayo:

1. Qalisa kabusha irutha yakho bese uzama ukuxhuma futhi.
2. Qiniseka ukuthi ikhebula ofuna ukuxhuma ngalo i-Samsung TV yakho ku-inthanethi lisebenza kahle (isibonelo, ungaxhuma ikhompuyutha yakho kuyo, futhi uma i-PC isebenza, akuyona inkinga).

Ungazama izinyathelo ezifanayo uma une-LG TV.

Ukuxhuma i-TV kumzila ngekhebula akuyona indlela elula, kodwa ethembekile futhi ezinzile. Ukuxhumeka kwekhebula kungcono, uma kuphela ngenxa yokuthi lapho ubuka amafilimu ekhwalithi ephezulu nge-Wi-Fi, iqhwa, izinkinga ngekhwalithi yesithombe namanye ama-nuances angenzeka, angenakulandelwa ngoxhumo lwekhebula.