Ithini i-multiplex yesibili neyesithathu: incazelo nemiyalo yokusetha umabonakude wedijithali

I-multiplex yesibili noma i-RTRS-2 yi-Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network-2, iphakheji yamahhala yeziteshi zethelevishini zedijithali. Isakazwa cishe kuyo yonke i-Russian Federation, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinabantu abambalwa noma okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Njengamanje, i-multiplex yesithathu noma i-RTRS-3 ilungiselelwa ukwethulwa.

I-multiplex yesibili yedijithali

Ukusakazwa kwedijithali kwephakheji lesibili lokuphindaphinda kwenziwa esifundeni ngasinye seRussian Federation ngo-2019. Bahlanganisa ngaphezu kwama-98% ayo yonke indawo yezwe. Ezindaweni ezikude nezinabantu abambalwa, ukubuka iziteshi kungenzeka kusetshenziswa ithelevishini yesathelayithi.

Yiziphi iziteshi ezifakwe ku-RTRS-2?

Iziteshi ezifakwe ku-multiplex yesibili, kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2015, zakhethwa ngokuncintisana yi-Federal Commission on Television and Radio Broadcasting. Uhlu lwabo lugunyazwe yiRoskomnadzor:

• “Ikhaya”;
• “Inkanyezi”;
• “Umhlaba”;
• “Muz TV”;
• “NgoLwesihlanu”;
• “RenTV”;
• “Kulondoloziwe”;
• “STS”;
• “I-TV-3”;
• “TNT”.

Ngokuyisisekelo, lezi iziteshi ezikhethekile noma ezigxile kwezokuzijabulisa.

Imininingwane ye-RTRS-2 ukuthi ayifaki ukusakaza.

Amafrikhwensi

Iziteshi ezifakwe ku-multiplex yesibili zithole
amaza okusebenza ebangeni lamadesimitha ukusuka ku-470 MHz ukuya ku-862 MHz. Ukuze ulungiselele ukwamukela iphakethe lamashaneli e-TV, sebenzisa futhi izici zobuchwepheshe ezilandelayo:

• ifomethi eyinhloko yi-DVB-T2;
• ifomethi yencazelo evamile yamanje yi-SDTV;
• imvamisa yokusebenza yokusakaza ngu-498 MHz.

Ukuze uthole isignali esifundeni ngasinye, amafrikhwensi ahlukene asetshenziswa ebangeni elisuka ku-471 kuye ku-950 MHz, okungukuthi, ukusuka kumashaneli wethelevishini angama-21 kuye kwangama-80 anesigaba esinikezwe imvamisa. Ukuxhumana kukhonjisiwe kulelithebula elingezansi. Sebenzisa idatha yayo lapho usetha i-multiplex yesibili endaweni yangakini. Kwanele ukwazi inombolo yesiteshi lapho isignali yedijithali isakazwa khona, bese ufaka inombolo yayo lapho usesha:

I-multiplex yesithathu – yethula ngo-2020

I-RTRS-3 iqhubeka nomugqa wamaphakeji eziteshi zikamabonakude zedijithali atholwe ezweni lonke.

Ukwethulwa kuhlelwe nini futhi kuphi?

Ukwethulwa kokusakazwa kwe-multiplex yesithathu eRussia Federation kuhlelelwe u-2020-2021. Njengamanje, inguqulo yomshayeli wephakeji yedijithali ye-RTRS-3 itholakala kubahlali baseMoscow kanye nesifunda saseMoscow ngemvamisa ye-578 MHz (isiteshi se-TV 34).

IRiphabhulikhi yaseCrimea isivele isakaza i-multiplex yayo yesithathu. Iphakheji ihlanganisa iziteshi ezimbalwa zokusakaza zasendaweni.

Yiziphi iziteshi ezizofakwa ku-multiplex yesithathu?

Okwamanje akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yiziphi iziteshi ezizofakwa kuphakheji yesithathu. Zombili iziteshi ze-TV ezimaphakathi nezesifunda zingangena. I-Roskomnadzor ikhiphe amalayisense elungelo lokusakaza nge-multiplex yesithathu ezinkampanini ezingaphezu kuka-40 zethelevishini nezomsakazo. Uhlu lwamashaneli asakazwa eMoscow:

Cishe zingu-40 iziteshi sezizonke, kodwa akuzona zonke ezinokusakaza ubusuku nemini. Ephaketheni, isimiso sabo sihlanganiswa ngokuhambisana nesikhathi sokusakaza seziteshi ezingu-10 usuku lonke.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokuqalisa?

Ukuqala umsebenzi we-RTRS-3 kulo lonke elaseRussia, kubalulekile ukuxazulula imisebenzi eminingana:

• Ukukhetha isiteshi . Imibandela esemqoka okufanele bahlangabezane nayo yilezi:
  • amathuba okusakazwa kwe-analog;
  • isilinganiso esiphezulu phakathi kwababukeli;
  • ingxenye enkulu yokuqukethwe kwangempela, ukudalwa kwezinhlelo zabo, uchungechunge, imijikelezo yemikhiqizo yombhali;
  • ukutholwa okusimeme kokugeleza kwemali okwamanje, azikho izinkinga zezimali esikhathini esizayo;
  • ithuba lokusakaza ubusuku nemini.
• Amafrikhwensi amahhala . Njengamanje, eziningi zazo zigcwele iziteshi ze-analogue zesifunda. Inkinga izoxazululwa ngokuqedwa kokusakazwa kwe-analogue ngomnqamulajuqu omenyezelwe wangoJuni 3, 2020.
• Uxhaso . Ukubamba iqhaza kwemithombo yesabelomali yamazinga ahlukahlukene ngenani lama-70-80% kuhlelwa. Kukhona ithuba lokuthi yonke i-multiplex yesithathu izokhokhwa.
• Ikhono lokusakaza iziteshi zesifunda . Ukumiswa kokusakaza nge-analogu kuzophuca izinkampani eziningi zethelevishini nezemisakazo zakuleli ithuba lokungena emoyeni. Indlela iyathuthukiswa ukuze ifake iziteshi zesifunda nezesifunda ku-multiplex yesithathu.

https://youtu.be/YBnyHJXWIaA

Ungaxhuma kanjani futhi ulungiselele i-multiplex yesibili / yesithathu?

Inqubo yokumisa i-TV ukuze yamukele i-multiplex yesibili noma yesithathu incike ohlotsheni lwesitholi se-TV. Uma une-TV yedijithali eyamukela ifomethi yedijithali ye-DVB-T2, ukulungiswa kwesiteshi kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nokulandelana okujwayelekile, okuchazwe encwadini yomsebenzisi. Awudingi ukuthenga amathuluzi edijithali eyengeziwe.

Hlola ukuthi umamukeli wakho we-TV uyayithola yini isignali yefomethi edingekayo emiyalweni yocingo lwakho. Imishini iphinde imakwe ngelogo ethi “DVB-T2”.

Kwabamukeli bedijithali
abangayamukeli ifomethi ye-DVB-T2 , noma ama-TV e-analogi, kudingeka ibhokisi elingeziwe ledesimali lokusetha phezulu. Lapho ukhetha, cabanga ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• bheka “DVB-T2” logo kukhonsoli;
• isiqalo kufanele sibe nezinkinobho zokulawula “Qala” kanye nokushintshwa kwesiteshi;
• hlola ukuthi ikhona yini imiphumela ye-RCA ne-HDMI yokuxhuma ku-TV, isixhumi se-USB sokuxhuma i-flash drive noma i-hard drive;
• ngezinye izikhathi i-adaptha eyengeziwe kusixhumi se-SCART iyadingeka uma i-TV ingenayo i-RCA ne-HDMI;
• Ikhebula le-RCA-RCA kanye ne-adaptha yamandla ehlukile kuyadingeka kuphakheji yedivayisi;
• kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi iphaneli yokulawula ye-set-top box ilungele usayizi wokusetshenziswa;
• ifomethi yokusekela umsindo wokudlala – I-Dolby Digital, amafomethi we-multimedia – MPEG-4 (AVC / H.264), i-USB PVP, i-SD / HD nabanye.

I-antenna yokwamukela isignali ingaba idecimeter ehlangene. Uma ingekho, uma ukude kude nombhoshongo we-TV, i-antenna ye-decimeter yegumbi yanele. Uma ungekho, udinga
i-booster yesignali ye-TV .

Ukuxhumana nokucushwa kwe-multiplex yesibili:

• Uma i-set-top box ingadingeki (ishuna ye-DVB-T2 yakhelwe ku-TV):
  1. Nqamula i-TV endaweni yamandla.
  2. Xhuma ikhebula othi uthingo okokufaka kwesamukeli se-TV.
  3. Xhuma i-TV kumapayipi amakhulu bese uyivula.
  4. Vula ishuna yedijithali ngokusebenzisa imenyu usebenzisa izilungiselelo.
  5. Ngokwemiyalelo ye-TV, yenza ukushuna kweshaneli okuzenzakalelayo noma okwenziwa mathupha.

Umdwebo wezintambo:

• Lapho uxhuma nge- set- top box :
  1. Nqamula isamukeli se-TV kumthombo wamandla.
  2. Xhuma ikhebula lothi kokufakwayo kothi ebhokisini le-digital set-top box. Xhuma ikhebula le-RCA-RCA kuzixhumi eziku-TV kanye nebhokisi le-digital set-top ngokuvumelana nekhodi yombala. Uma usebenzisa ikhebula le-HDMI, ikhwalithi yesithombe izoba ngcono.
  3. Xhuma i-TV kumthombo wamandla, uyivule.
  4. Khetha umthombo wokufaka ofanelekile wokuxhuma ikhebula lakho: i-HDMI, i-AV, i-SCART, njll.
  5. Sesha amashaneli edijithali ngezindlela ezizenzakalelayo noma ezenziwa ngesandla ngokuya ngemanuwali yomsebenzisi yocingo lwakho.

Umdwebo wokuxhumana:
Ukusetha amashaneli edijithali esibonelweni se-Samsung TV kuboniswa kuvidiyo:
Ithelevishini yedijithali eRussia iyathuthuka, inani leziteshi zokusakaza liyanda. Iziteshi ezingama-20 zokusakaza zikamabonakude nezomsakazo zisakazwa ngefomethi yedijithali njengengxenye yokuphindaphinda kokuqala nesesibili. Ukuxhumeka kwe-multiplex yesithathu kuzokwandisa kakhulu amathuba okusakaza.