Izixhumi ze-HDMI nezintambo zazo: izinhlobo, i-pinout

Izixhumi ze-HDMI namakhebuli azo – izinhlobo nokubuka konke. Nakuba isixhumi se-HDMI sizimise ngokuqinile njengezinga lokuxhuma izinto zikagesi, kukhona nalabo basebenzisi abangakabi naso isikhathi sokuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi nezici zayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngalesi sikhombimsebenzisi: mayelana nezixhumi ze-HDMI nezinhlobo zekhebula, indlela yokukhetha okulungile, futhi sikhulume ngezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi.

Yini isixhumi se-HDMI – incazelo evamile

I-HDMI iyindinganiso yokudlulisa ngesikhathi esisodwa kokubili amasignali evidiyo nawomsindo. Inezinga eliphezulu lokudlulisa idatha, ayicindezeli idatha, futhi isithombe nomsindo kuhanjiswa ngekhwalithi yakho yokuqala. Isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma iziqaphi ze-TV namadivayisi eselula, kodwa okuqukethwe komsindo kungasakazwa kalula ngesixhumi esibonakalayo. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_9624″ align=”aligncenter” width=”478″]
HDMI isixhumi[/caption] Namuhla, inguqulo 2.1 ihambisana ne-HDMI. Ivele ngo-2017 futhi yayibizwa nge-Ultra High Speed ​​​​HDMI Cable.

Ikhebula lihambisana ne-interfaces yesizukulwane esedlule, empeleni, i-bandwidth kuphela eshintshile.

Izinhlobo zezixhumi ze-HDMI

Namuhla lapho kuthengiswa ungathola izintambo ezihlukahlukene. Ubukhulu bawo bungahluka kusuka kokujwayelekile kuya kokuncane (mini). Ezinye zingase zibe nokuphumayo oku-1 okujwayelekile (A) kanye ne-micro yesibili (C). Okunjalo, ngokwesibonelo, kusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma omakhalekhukhwini, amakhamera kanye nezinye izinto zosayizi omncane kwi-laptop noma i-TV. Usayizi wabo awunamthelela nhlobo ejubaneni lokudluliswa komsindo noma kwevidiyo. Izinhlobo zezixhumi:

• Uhlobo A usayizi ojwayelekile wesixhumi, otholakala kubuchwepheshe obunobukhulu obukhulu. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2856″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”650″] Izinhlobo zezixhumi[/caption]
• Uhlobo D no-C yizinguqulo ezincane zezintambo ze-HDMI. Ngokuvamile zitholakala kumadivayisi amancane njengama-laptops, ama-laptops amancane, ama-camcorder.
• Uhlobo B ikhebuli eneshaneli yevidiyo enwetshiwe edlulisa izithombe ngekhwalithi ephezulu kuno-1080p, kodwa ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa ekusebenzeni.
• Uhlobo E luyisixhumi esinokhiye, umsebenzi oyinhloko owukulungisa ngokuphephile ikhebula ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqanyulwa. Isetshenziswa kakhulu kwamanye amadivaysi e-multimedia nasezimotweni.

Izinhlobo zezintambo.

• I- HDMI 1.0-1.2 . Ingakhiwa ukuze isebenze ku-720p kanye naku-1080i futhi inomkhawulokudonsa ongu-5Gbps.
• I-HDMI enikezelwe ezimotweni . Inamandla afanayo naleyo eyandulelayo, kodwa ingacindezela ukuphazamiseka kwezinhlelo zezimoto zezinkampani zangaphandle. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izidlali zomsindo namadivayisi anombukiso wevidiyo.
• I- HDMI 1.3-1.4 . Isekela ukulungiswa kwe-4K ku-30Hz, kanye Nombala Ojulile kanye ne-3D. Izinga lokudlulisa lingafinyelela ku-10 Gbps.
• I-HDMI esebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu sezimoto . Akukho okuhlukile kokwangaphambilini, kodwa ngokulungiselelwa kwezimoto.
• I-HDMI2.0 . Le nguqulo yekhebula ingasebenza ngokuzinza ekulungisweni kwe-4K. Isekela 60Hz, HDR kanye anhlobonhlobo imibala. Umkhawulokudonsa – 18 Gbps.
• I- HDMI 2.1 . Le nguqulo isebenza ngokuzinzile ekulungisweni kwe-8K ku-120Hz, futhi isekela i-HDR, futhi izinga lokudluliswa kwedatha ngu-48Gbps. Akesabi ukuphazanyiswa okungadala amanethiwekhi angenawaya.

[i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_5137″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”424″]
ikhebula le-HDMI[/caption]

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kubaqaphi bemidlalo ye-4K abanesilinganiso sokuvuselela esingu-240 Hz, ikhebula le-HDMI ngeke lisebenze. Izokwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzile ku-120 Hz, futhi ukuze uthole izinga eliphezulu lokuvuselela, kuzodingeka wehlise ukulungiswa ku-Full HD.

I-Pinout

Izintambo ze-HDMI ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izikhonkwane ezingu-19, amaqembu angu-5 ama-cores angu-3, ​​futhi angu-4 ngaphezulu eza ngokuhlukana. Ngamunye unikezwe inombolo. Abokuqala abayisi-9 banesibopho sesignali yevidiyo, bese kuba noxhumana nabo abangu-3 abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokuvama kwewashi lesikrini (Hz). Izikhonkwane 13, 14 kanye ne-15 ziyizikhonkwane zesevisi, kanti ezi-3 ezisele ziyizithonjana zokuxhuma kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla. Akukho ukumakwa kombala okwamukelwa ngokuvamile kwama-cores, ngakho-ke abakhiqizi bangasebenzisa okwabo. Kodwa ngokuvamile eziyinhloko zihlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-3 kulolu hlelo: obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Intambo yokuqala ipendwe mhlophe ukuze kuncishiswe ithuba lamaphutha ezintambo.

Etafuleni ungabona ukuthi yimuphi othintana naye onesibopho sani. Imibala yabathintwayo abancane ivamise ukushiywa ingashintshiwe.

Ubuhle nokubi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-HDMI lapho uxhuma i-TV

Cishe yonke i-TV yesimanje nomamukeli inesixhumi esibonakalayo se-HDMI. Abasebenzisi bancamela ukuyisebenzisa njengendlela yabo yokuxhumana eyinhloko. Izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa izintambo eziningi, njengoba kokubili umsindo nevidiyo kudluliselwa ngekhebula elilodwa;
• I-HDMI ilula futhi ilula;
• izinga eliphezulu lokudluliswa kwedatha;
• ikhono lokuxhuma amadivaysi amaningi ngekhebula eyodwa.

Le ndlela cishe ayinazo izithiyo, kodwa kufanele unake ubude nohlobo lwekhebula. Uma udinga ikhebula elingaphezu kwamamitha angu-10, kuzodingeka usebenzise izikhulisamazwi, futhi ukuze udlulise ividiyo ye-4K udinga inguqulo ye-HDMI engu-2.0 noma engu-2.1. Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho uxhuma ku-TV amandla okushintsha idivayisi yokukhipha ngaphandle kokunqamula ikhebula. Isibonelo, i-TV isebenza ngokuhlanganyela nesitsha sesathelayithi, kodwa uma kunesidingo, ungasebenzisa intambo efanayo ukuxhuma enye idivayisi ephumayo.

Ungakhetha kanjani ikhebula le-HDMI elifanele

Njengomthetho, ikhwalithi yekhebula le-HDMI ayincikile kuphela enguqulweni, kodwa futhi nasezintweni ezisetshenziswa kuyo. Umkhiqizi naye ubaluleke ngokulinganayo, ngoba umsebenzisi akakwazi ukuhlola ikhebula ngesikhathi sokuthenga. Uma uthenga izinketho zebhajethi, kunobungozi obukhulu bokungena ezimpahleni zekhwalithi ephansi. Kufanele uqale ngokunquma isixhumi ozodinga kuso ikhebula. Isibonelo, ama-TV cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi asebenzisa isixhumi esijwayelekile sohlobo A lwe-HDMI, kuyilapho amadivayisi aphathekayo asebenzisa izixhumi ze-D noma ze-C.
Okulandelayo, kufanele uthole ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo ye-HDMI idivayisi esekelayo. Isibonelo, uma udinga ikhebula lekhompyutha yakho, ungabheka imininingwane esesidlangalaleni yekhadi lakho lemifanekiso noma iphrosesa. Ngokuvamile babonisa ukuthi yikuphi ukucaca okuphezulu kanye ne-hertz abangabonisa isithombe. Nganoma iyiphi enye idivayisi, indaba iyafana, ungakwazi njalo ukuthola izici zezixhumi zemodeli ethile. Futhi, abakhiqizi bavamise ukukhombisa inguqulo esekelwe ebhokisini lomkhiqizo, ikakhulukazi uma i-TV noma ikhamera isekela isizukulwane sakamuva se-HDMI. Kodwa ikhebula ngokwalo lingathengwa ngokugcinelwa ikusasa. Iqiniso liwukuthi izintambo eziningi zesimanje zingasebenza nge-interfaces yesidala. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukubheka ulwazi mayelana nedivayisi, kodwa mane uthenge i-HDMI 2.1. Kodwa akufanele uthembele kukhwalithi yesithombe esiphezulu usebenzisa ikhebula eliphelelwe yisikhathi. Imithetho eyisisekelo lapho ukhetha ikhebula le-HDMI:

1. Isixhumi kukhebula nocingo kufanele kufane.
2. Ikhebula akufanele liqiniswe ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngakho-ke kufanele lithengwe ngobude obanele.
3. Intengo ayiyona inkomba yekhwalithi. Kungcono ukufunda ukubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende mayelana nomkhiqizo womkhiqizi othize, ngokufanelekile, ufunde isitifiketi, esibonisa kokubili izimo zokusebenza namandla obuchwepheshe.
4. Izintambo ze-HDMI inguqulo engu-2.0 no-2.1 zibiza kakhulu kunangaphambili. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho ukhetha.
5. Uma ikhebula lishuba, kuba ngcono. Konke mayelana ne-sheath yokuzivikela, kuzonciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuphazamiseka, futhi kuzosebenza njengesiqinisekiso sokuthi ucingo ngeke lulimale ngokomzimba.
6. Izikhondatha zensimbi ne-aluminium azizona inketho engcono kakhulu yekhebula le-HDMI. Kungcono ukukhetha ithusi, iqhuba kahle isignali futhi ayibizi kakhulu.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi kunezintambo ezinesiliva noma ngisho negolide, kodwa asikho isidingo sokukhokha ngokweqile. Uma ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kukhuphuka, khona-ke ukwanda akunakwa. Ukufakwa kwegolide kunengqondo kuphela koxhumana nabo njengoba kunganweba impilo yekhebula. Kungcono ukuzijwayeza kusengaphambili ngezinkinga ezingaba khona lapho uxhuma idivayisi nge-HDMI. Nakuba yonke into ilula kakhulu lapho, abaqalayo bangase bahlangabezane nezinkinga ezingabonakali kakhulu.

Izinzuzo nezingozi ze-HDMI interface

Namuhla, cishe wonke amadivayisi okudlala okuqukethwe kwevidiyo axhunywe nge-HDMI. Ifomethi igxile kakhulu emhlabeni wanamuhla kangangokuthi asikho isidingo sokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuthethelela. Amadivayisi axhunywe ngekhebula le-HDMI angakwazi ukuskena amakhono awo ukuze asethe ngokuzenzakalelayo izilungiselelo ezidingekayo. Ama-Smart TV, isibonelo, alungisa ukulungiswa nosayizi wesithombe ngokwawo ukuze i-TV ibonise isithombe ngekhwalithi engcono kakhulu.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zesixhumi esibonakalayo se-HDMI:

• Kudingeka ikhebula elilodwa kuphela ukuze kudluliswe okuqukethwe komsindo nevidiyo. Abanye bayakwazi ngisho nokudlulisa uxhumano lwe-inthanethi.
• Izinguqulo ezintsha zihambisana ngokugcwele nokucaciswa kwangaphambilini
• Umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu wezintambo zesimanje ze-HDMI udlula u-48 Gbps.
• Ikhebula liyindawo yonke, lingasetshenziswa ukuxhuma imishini ehlukene. Lokhu kulula kakhulu uma indlu inemishini eminingi ene-HDMI esibonakalayo.
• Isixhumi sisekela i-HDR, i-HDTV, i-3D kanye Nombala Ojulile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ujabulele isithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu kunoma iyiphi idivayisi.
• Ingadluliselwa kusignali ye-4K, ngokusetshenziswa kwama-amplifiers, ibanga landa kakhulu.
• Izintambo ze-HDMI zinenani eliphansi kakhulu kunenye eseduze, i-DisplayPort.

Ukungalungi, mhlawumbe, kufaka phakathi ububanzi bokudlulisa isignali kanye nezinguqulo eziningi zekhebula. Ububanzi buyi-plus kanye ne-minus, njengoba amamitha angu-10 awanele njalo ukuhlela ithiyetha yasekhaya enkulu. Futhi ngenani lezinguqulo, ungakwazi ukudideka kalula, okuzoholela ezinkingeni ngaphandle kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ukusebenzisa i-HDMI lapho uxhuma i-TV

Usebenzisa isibonelo sokuxhuma i-TV evela kwa-Samsung, ungabona indlela yokusebenzisa ikhebula le-HDMI. Cishe wonke ama-TV esimanje akwaSamsung asekela ubuchwepheshe besiteshi sokubuyisela umsindo. Lokhu kuyindlela efanayo ye-HDMI, esiza ukusebenzisa ikhebula elilodwa ukudlulisa umsindo nevidiyo, kodwa kuma-Samsung TV, isignali idluliselwa ezinhlangothini ezimbili. Lokhu kunciphisa ukubambezeleka okuncane kakade, futhi futhi akuwuhlanekezeli umsindo. https://cxcvb.com/texnika/televizor/texnology/hdmi-arc.html Kalula nje, ukuxhuma, isibonelo, ithiyetha yasekhaya, asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa ikhebula lomsindo lenkampani yangaphandle. Ukuze usebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-HDMI ARC, udinga ikhebuli enenguqulo okungenani engu-1.4. Udinga futhi ukuxhuma ikhebula kusixhumi esikhethekile noma ibhulokhi ye-One Connect.
Uma kusetshenziswa amadivayisi okudlala angaphandle, kufanele futhi asekele ubuchwepheshe be-ARC. Amadivayisi omsindo angase adinge ukulungiswa ukuze asebenze naleli zinga. Amafomethi omsindo asekelwayo ngobuchwepheshe be-ARC:

• I-Dolby Digital enezipikha ezi-5 kanye ne-subwoofer eyodwa;
• I-DTS Digital Surround enezipikha ezi-5 kanye ne-1 subwoofer;
• I-PCM kumodi yamashaneli amabili (ifomethi engasasebenzi, isekelwa amamodeli akhishwe ngaphambi kuka-2018 uhlanganisa).

I-adaptha ye-HDMI kuma-tulips: https://youtu.be/jaWa1XnDXJY

Ukuxhumana

Ukuze uxhume i-TV ngosekelo lwe-Smart TV, udinga ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:

• lungisa ikhebula le-HDMI inguqulo yalo ingaphezulu kuka-1.4;
• thola isixhumi ku-TV esibhalwe ukuthi ARC bese uxhuma intambo kuso;
• xhuma intambo kudivayisi ephumayo njengomamukeli noma ikhompuyutha;
• Uma kukhona izipikha ezixhunywe ku-TV, umsindo uzodlalwa ngazo.

[i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_9318″ align=”aligncenter” width=”1000″]
displayport mini hdmi adapter[/caption] Indlela yokukhetha ikhebula le-HDMI ukuze uxhume i-TV yakho: https://youtu.be/_5EEewodrl4

Ukuxazulula inkinga

Uma unezinkinga zokuxhuma noma ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-ARC, kufanele uzame lokhu kukhohlisa okulandelayo:

• nqamula zonke izinto zokusebenza kugesi, bese uxhuma kabusha;
• zama ukushintsha okokufaka nokuphumayo kwekhebula;

Amanye amadivaysi angahle angathobeli amazinga e-HDMI, lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kuzipikha. Futhi, isizathu esivame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo zenguqulo ngezansi kwe-1.4. Ungazama ukuyifaka esikhundleni.