I-TV ayivuli, futhi inkomba ivuliwe noma iyabaneka – izimbangela nezisombululo

I-TV ayivuli, futhi inkomba ivuliwe noma iyakhanya – izimbangela nesixazululo senkinga, kuye ngombala we-diode – amalambu abomvu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza avuliwe, ngakho-ke kufanele ngenzeni? Amathelevishini afakwe iphaneli yokwamukela isignali evela kusilawuli kude nezinkomba zokusebenza ezikhanya ngemibala ehlukene. Ngokuzenzakalela, umsebenzisi ubona ukukhanya okubomvu kungena lapho exhunywe kunethiwekhi; uma inkinobho yamandla kusilawuli kude icindezelwa, ishintsha isibani sibe luhlaza noma okwesibhakabhaka, noma siyacwayiza futhi siyacisha. Uma, ngemva kwenqubo yokuqalisa evamile, isithombe asiveli, futhi i-diode ivuliwe, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuba khona kwezinkinga ezithile.

Ukungabi bikho kwesithombe ku-TV kubonisani uma inkomba ivuliwe

Izinkomba eziku-TV zinesibopho sokwazisa umnikazi ngesimo se-TV futhi zibonise ukuba khona kwamandla kunethiwekhi. Indlela elula yokuxazulula inkinga yokushoda kwesithombe yilapho kungakhanyi nhlobo – lokhu kusho ukuthi idivayisi ayiwatholi amandla. Uma ugesi ungekho, hlola ukuba khona kukagesi endlini, ukuthi ipulaki ixhunywe ku-outlet. Uma imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle ingatholakali, khona-ke izinkinga zibhekwa ku-TV ngokwayo – intambo noma ukunikezwa kwamandla. Izizathu zokuntuleka kwesithombe uma inkomba yamandla ivuliwe yilezi:

• isilawuli kude;
• inzwa yokwamukela isignali ye-infrared;
• CPU;
• uhlelo lokuvikela ukukhuphuka;
• i-hardware module.

Isilawuli kude esiphukile yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu sokuthi abanikazi be-TV bathuke. Uma, lapho ucindezela inkinobho, i-TV elalela ngokuvamile iyeka ukuphendula, udinga kuqala ukuhlola ukusebenza kwayo ezinkinobho.

Ama-TV esimanje ahlala enomugqa omncane wezinkinobho zokulawula ngesandla – uma evula i-TV ngemodi evamile, kufanele ubeke esikhundleni samabhethri kusilawuli kude noma uhlole i-microcircuit yayo ukuze uthole i-oxidation noma ukungcola.

Isho ukuthini inkomba ebomvu ehlala ivutha ku-TV engakhanyi?

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-TV ezidumile zisebenzisa imibala ebomvu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwayo. Futhi amanye amamodeli aneyodwa kuphela, okwenza kube nzima ukunquma inkinga. Umbala wokubonisa ovame kakhulu ubomvu, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kubhekwa kuqala. Kumamodeli e-TV ahlukene, inkomba ebomvu yazisa umnikazi ngezimo ezifana nalezi:

• mayelana nokuvula inethiwekhi – ivuliwe njalo uma idivayisi ithola ugesi;
• yazisa ngokushintsha amashaneli noma izindlela ngokucwayiza lapho ucindezela inkinobho yesilawuli kude;
• yazisa ngamaphutha ngokucwayiza njalo;
• iyacwayiza uma icishiwe.

Kusobala ohlwini olusohlwini – uma ukukhanya kukhanya njalo ngokubomvu, lokhu kusho ukuthi idivayisi isesimweni sokucisha, kodwa ixhunywe kugesi. Uma, uma kuvulwe ngesilawuli kude, isithombe singaveli, futhi inkomba ihlala ikhanya ngokubomvu, lokhu kukhombisa okulandelayo:

• iphaneli yokulawula ayisebenzi – amabhethri afile noma isignali ayidluli kunzwa;
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwehadiwe – ama-capacitor okunikezwa kwamandla awonakele, i-microcircuit ishile, kube nenkinga kuphrosesa, i-matrix inephutha;
• imodi yokuphepha ngokumelene nokwehluleka kwenethiwekhi inikwe amandla , – uma kwenzeka ukwanda kwamandla ku-TV, ukuvikelwa kucushiwe okuvimbela ukusebenza kwayo;
• ikhebula lixhunywe ngokungalungile , uma idivayisi iyintsha futhi ilethwa kamuva nje, noma umnikazi unqamule izintambo;
• amaphutha esoftware yedivayisi ;
• izilungiselelo zishintshiwe ;
• isibali sikhathi sokulala sinikwe amandla .

Umnikazi wedivayisi angazama ukulungisa inkinga ngokwakhe uma ingahlobene nehadiwe noma isoftware. Kubalulekile ukuhlola isilawuli kude ukuze kusebenzeke, uqonde umdwebo wezintambo, noma uqalise kabusha idivayisi ngokubheka ukuthi izilungiselelo zilungile. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_12972″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”1024″]
Inkomba ebomvu ibonisa ukuthi i-TV ixhunywe kunethiwekhi[/caption]

Inkomba ikhanya ngombala ongajwayelekile

Abakhiqizi bahlomisa izinkomba zesignali ye-TV ngayinye ngendlela yayo. Kodwa uma umnikazi, lapho evula idivayisi kuphaneli, ebona umbala ongavamile wenkomba ongaphumi, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukungasebenzi kahle. Ama-TV awanawo umsebenzi wokuzihlola wehadiwe, kodwa ayakwazi ukusayina ukungasebenzi kahle okufana nalokhu:

• i-voltage enganele noma eyeqile yebhodi elikhulu;
• izinkinga ngokunikezwa kwamandla;
• ukwehluleka kwe-firmware;
• i-motherboard ivimba isignali ethunyelwe ku-matrix

Ezimweni eziningi, inkomba ehlala ikhanya ngombala ongajwayelekile ibonisa izinkinga ezinkulu zehadiwe. Uma unamakhono okulungisa amadivaysi alolu hlobo, ukulungiswa kungenziwa ngokuzimela, kodwa lapho kungabikho akukhuthazwa ukukhulula icala ukuze ubheke ukungasebenzi kahle.

Amathelevishini anamuhla mancane, aqukethe izinto eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi nezizwelayo nezinzwa, okulula ukuzilimaza ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi zikuphi.

Asho ukuthini amalambu akhanyayo ku-TV evaliwe?

Ukucwayiza kwezinkomba, kanye nokuvutha njalo, kungase kube ngenxa yokungavamile kokusebenza kumodi ethile noma ukuba khona kokungasebenzi kahle ku-TV. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenzekeni ngempela, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokucwayiza, ukuthi idivayisi ixhunywe kanjani nokuthi ibisebenza kanjani ngaphambili. Ngokuvamile, ukucwayiza kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• ukuzixilonga;
• ukwehluleka kwe-hardware noma ingxenye ye-pogrom;
• ukuxhuma amadivaysi engeziwe noma ukusebenzisa i-TV njengesikrini.

Kucala ngalinye, ukukhanya okukhethekile kuyisici.

Inkomba ikhanya ngokulandelana okuhlukene ngombala ofanayo

Uma imodeli ye-TV ifakwe uhlelo lokuzihlola, khona-ke uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, ukungasebenzi kahle kwehadiwe, ukucwayiza kwenkomba kubonisa ikhodi yephutha. Imodeli ngayinye inesethi yayo yamaphutha, ukuqokwa kwayo kumiyalo ye-TV.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ikhodi yephutha inganqunywa kuphela uma idivayisi inohlelo lokuzihlola futhi ukucwayiza kwenkomba akuyona isiphithiphithi.

Izimpawu zohlelo lokuxilonga yilezi:

• ukuntula impendulo ekucindezeleni izinkinobho zesilawuli kude;
• ukuba khona kwe-algorithm yokucwayiza kwenkomba;
• umbala wesignali yenkomba awushintshi.

Ikhodi yephutha ikusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi iyiphi isistimu kudivayisi yakho ehlulekile.

Inkomba ikhanya ngemibala ehlukene

I-algorithm yokuvula noma iyiphi i-TV iqukethe ukulandelana okuthile – amandla avuliwe, i-backlight iqala ukusebenza, bese kulandela amanye amasistimu. Uma inqubo ihamba kahle, inkomba ikhanya ngokujwayelekile. Kodwa lapho kuphakama isimo lapho kuqala kukhanyisa, isibonelo, obomvu, bese kuba luhlaza noma okwesibhakabhaka, njalo njalo izikhathi eziningana, lokhu ezimweni eziningi kubonisa ukungasebenzi kahle. Ukucwayiza ngemibala ehlukene kungadalwa yilokhu okulandelayo:

• akukho ukungezwani okwanele;
• ukukhanya kwe-backlight akuqali;
• izibani ezingasebenzi kahle;
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-matrix;
• isignali evela kumprosesa ayifinyeleli ezingxenyeni zesistimu.

Esinye isizathu kungase kube iphutha kumemori ye-TV. Uma ukwehluleka kuqashelwe ngaphambi kokuvela kokukhanyisa ngemibala ehlukene, khona-ke ukubukeka kwayo kwesibili kungase kubangelwe iphutha elisindile. Ukuqalisa kabusha isistimu kuzosiza ukulungisa isimo. Kwamanye amamodeli, isistimu iyacima ngemva kokukhanyisa ngemibala ehlukene. Lokhu kuyingxenye yohlelo lokuvikela i-TV – uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, iphrosesa ikhala izikhathi eziningana, uma kwenzeka kwethulwa okungaphumeleli, i-TV iyacisha. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_12975″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”600″]
Ama-” connder

” avuvukele azokhombisa imbangela yokuphuka[/caption]

Ukucwayiza okuyisiphithiphithi kwenkomba kumbala owodwa

Akuwona wonke ama-TV anohlelo oluphelele lokuxilonga. Emkhakheni wezomnotho, bahlinzekwa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezilula kakhulu. Imvamisa, kungenxa yemishini enjalo ukuthi, uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, inkomba ikhanya ngokungahleliwe; kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ukuthi inkinga yenzeke kuphi. Uma kubaneka okungahleliwe, kungenzeka ukulungisa isimo ngokuqalisa kabusha, noma ngokuxilonga zonke izinhlelo. Qala ukuhlola ngamandla, bese udlulela kwezinye izingxenye. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izinsimbi ezikhethekile, ukulinganisa okokufaka nokukhipha ama-voltages, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngokungabikho kwezinsimbi nolwazi, akufanele uzame ukuhlola uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukucwayiza okukodwa kumbala owodwa

Ukucwayiza okukodwa futhi asikho isithombe kusho ukuthi i-TV ibixhunywe kukhompuyutha njengemonitha, noma kunokuxhumana kwenye idivayisi. Kulesi simo, akukho futhi ukusabela ekucindezeleni izinkinobho zesilawuli kude. Ukuze ubuyele ekubukeni i-TV, kufanele uphume kumodi yesikrini.

Kusho ukuthini ukucwayiza kwezinkomba ze-TV zemikhiqizo edumile, engavuli ngasikhathi sinye

Abakhiqizi bazama ukwenza okokusebenza kwabo kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka kumthengi. Sihlala sithuthukisa amasistimu okuxilonga, sisize ukuhlonza inkinga ngisho nalapho kungasebenzi kahle.

I-Samsung

Ezitolo namuhla ungathola amamodeli amaningi ama-TV alo mkhiqizo, ahlanganiswe nesistimu yokubonisa evamile. Amadivayisi ngokuvamile anenkomba eyodwa ebomvu ekhanyisa uma idivayisi ivaliwe futhi iphinde iphendule ezenzweni zomsebenzisi. Kulo mkhiqizo, uma kwenzeka amaphutha, izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyisici:

• i-diode ikhanya ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwedivayisi, lapho kufanele ivaliwe – i-TV ibonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwebhodi eliyinhloko, izinkinga ekulawuleni;
• ukucwayiza kwesikhombi ngesikhathi sokusebenza – ngokuvamile lokhu kusho ukuthi amafuse aqhumile futhi idivayisi ishiywe ngaphandle kokuvikelwa ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi;
• ukucwayiza okunesiphithiphithi nokuqalisa kabusha njalo kubonisa ukwehluleka kwe-firmware;
• inkomba ivuliwe, kodwa i-TV ayivuli – ezimweni eziningi, inkinga isilawuli kude;
• ukucwayiza okufushane okunesigqi kubonisa ukwehluleka ekusebenzeni kwama-capacitor ekunikezeni amandla, uhlelo alunawo amandla anele okubonisa isithombe.

Ungakwazi ukuzixazulula ngokuzimela izinkinga ezihlobene nemishini ye-TV yangaphandle – isilawuli kude noma ukunikezwa kwamandla, okungashintshwa kalula. Uma kwenzeka amaphutha ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo zangaphakathi, kungcono ukuthumela i-TV ukuze ilungiswe noma esikhungweni sesevisi uma isikhathi sewaranti singakapheli.

I-Samsung UE40D5000 ayivuli, inkomba ihlale ibaneka: https://youtu.be/HSAWhfsEIZU

LG

I-LG yaziwa ngendlela yayo eqinile yokonga amandla. Kuma-TV alolu hlobo, izinhlelo zokulala ezilula kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela ukuhlinza zifakiwe. Ngalesi sizathu, ngezinye izikhathi ngemva kokuthenga, abasebenzisi bangase badideke lapho bebona isikrini esimnyama sedivayisi yabo esingaphenduli ekucindezeleni izinkinobho kusilawuli kude. Uma inkomba ivaliwe, isikrini sihlala simnyama, isilawuli kude asisebenzi, inkinga ingase ifihlwe kumodi yokulala yokusebenza. Ukuze uphume kuyo, udinga nje ukucindezela inkinobho ethi “KULUNGILE” kusilawuli kude.

Qaphela! Kumamodeli esimanje omkhiqizo we-LG, umkhiqizi uhlele uhlelo ukuze lungene kumodi yokulala lapho ushintshela ekubukeni ividiyo noma ibhokisi lokusetha phezulu kuzilungiselelo lapho kungekho mishini exhunyiwe.

Inani lezinkomba ezicwayizayo lirekhodwa emiyalweni ye-TV, lapho kuhlaziywa konke ukungasebenzi kahle okujwayelekile. Kodwa kukhona futhi izici eziningi zama-diode acwebezelayo. Amasignali amafushane alokozayo angase abonise ukungasebenzi kahle kokuthile exhunyiwe, noma ikhebula lomhlinzeki. Futhi, lezi zimpawu zibonisa izinkinga ezihlobene nokwehla kwe-voltage kunethiwekhi ekhaya. I-LG TV ayivuli, i-diode ibomvu: https://youtu.be/AJMmIjwTRPw

Supra

I-TV brand Supra ifakwe iphaneli enezinkomba zemibala eminingana. Lapho kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle, baqala ukucwayiza ngokushintshana, badide umnikazi. Ukucwayiza okunemibala eminingi kungabangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle okulandelayo:

• ukwehluleka kwe-firmware yomkhiqizi;
• kwakukhona ukujikeleza okufushane kwezintambo emzimbeni wedivayisi;
• akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-LVDS loop kanye ne-matrix.

Enye inkinga evamile yomkhiqizi ukukhubazeka kwephaneli ngokwayo lapho izinkomba zitholakala khona. Ngemuva kokulungiswa, inkomba ibuyela kokujwayelekile. Ngokwakhe, umsebenzisi angazama ukulungisa isimo ngokucindezela isikhathi eside inkinobho ethi Thulisa kusilawuli kude, ngaphandle kokukhulula, cindezela inkinobho yokuvala nokuyivula kanye.

Qaphela: Ukucwayiza okunemibala eminingi ku-Supra TV kuyavula ngemva kokungena kumodi yokuhlola i-matrix, kufanele uyiphume ngemva kokuthi kuqediwe.

Izici zezinkomba ku-SMART TV

I-Smart TV ubuchwepheshe obusha, buvumela abanikazi be-TV ukuthi bafinyelele i-TV ye-inthanethi, okuqukethwe kwevidiyo nokulalelwayo, izinkundla zokuxhumana kanye nezinkundla ezahlukene. Kodwa abasebenzisi bavame ukuba nezinkinga ngokuntuleka kwesithombe kanye nobubanzi bomsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza okungaphazanyiswa kwezinkomba. Uma izinkomba ziphendula ezenzweni zomsebenzisi, futhi isikrini sihlala simnyama noma sibanda esithombeni esisodwa, izizathu zilandelayo:

• Iseva yomhlinzeki lapho i-TV exhumeke kuyo igcwele kakhulu, kulokhu kufanelekile ukuvala idivayisi bese ulinda isikhashana, bese uyivula futhi, noma ulinde kuze kube yilapho iseva iqalisa kabusha.
• Ikhebula le-inthanethi alixhunyiwe – udinga ukuhlola okokufaka nobuqotho.
• Ukuxhumeka okude kuseva kuyisimo esivamile, ukuphela kokuxhumana kungase kube imizuzu emithathu.
• Isignali ebuthakathaka uma inethiwekhi imatasa.
• Ukuntuleka kwenkumbulo ku-TV.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi “buhlakaniphe” kanjani ubuchwepheshe bama-TV anamuhla, ukusebenza kwawo kusekude nekhompyutha. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma umsebenzisi elanda izinhlelo eziningi, engayisusi i-cache, inkumbulo ivaleka ngokushesha futhi uhlelo luyancipha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izinkomba zisebenza njengokujwayelekile, ngoba azihlotshaniswa nenkumbulo, futhi isithombe esifunayo asiveli.

Izinkomba ze-CRT TV

Ama-TV enziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-kinescope obudala asekhona futhi ngamanani amakhulu kakhulu. Futhi bavame ukuba nezinkomba ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, ezivame ukuhlanganiswa nezinzwa ze-infrared zokwamukela amasignali akude. Inkomba ye-TV yazisa umnikazi ngokulandelayo:

• ngokucindezela inkinobho kusilawuli kude – ukukhanya kuphazima kanye;
• ihlale ikhanya endaweni evaliwe, kodwa lapho ifinyelela ugesi, noma uma uyisebenzisa njengesiqapha;
• ayiphenduli ekucindezeleni izinkinobho zesilawuli kude uma i-TV ibishintshelwe kwenye imodi ngaphambilini noma ixhumeke kudivayisi yangaphandle.

Enye inkinga ingase ibe i-oxidation yabathintana nabo abaya kusibani senkomba.

Okufanele ukwenze uma inkomba icwayiza noma ihlala ivuliwe

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuchwepheshe, uhlobo kanye nemodeli ye-TV, i-algorithm yokuxazulula inkinga ihlala ifana futhi ilandelayo:

• hlola ukusebenza kwephaneli yokulawula;
• qala kabusha i-TV
• hlola ukuxhumana okulungile kwezintambo;
• hlola izindlela;
• funda amakhodi amaphutha.

Uma kwakungenakwenzeka ukusetha ukusebenza okulungile kwedivayisi ngokwakho, kufanele ushayele iwizadi noma uyithathe ukuze ilungise. Izinkomba zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondeni ukusebenza kwe-TV, ziyakwazi ukukhombisa imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuthi umnikazi anake izimpawu zabo ngesikhathi futhi athathe izinyathelo zokuxilonga inkinga.