Amabala amnyama avele esikrinini se-TV – izizathu zokuthi ususa kanjani ukucisha

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani amabala amnyama avela ku-TV. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, ukuba khona kwabo kubonisa umonakalo ku-matrix. Futhi akufanele kube yimishini. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-diffuser yaxebuka ngenxa yesici sokukhiqiza. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi indawo emnyama ku-TV ingaqedwa uwena! Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, kufanele ufune usizo esikhungweni sesevisi esigunyaziwe somkhiqizi.

Izimbangela zamachashazi amnyama nokufiphala okumpunga ku-matrix ye-TV

Isisekelo sanoma iyiphi i-TV yesimanje (kanye nokuqapha futhi) i-matrix. Futhi iqukethe izendlalelo ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi:

1. Isihlungi se-polarizing . Ilungisa ukudluliswa kokukhanya okukhishwa i-backlight.
2. Amakristalu oketshezi . Bakha “isithombe” sokugcina esikrinini. Umbala wephikseli ngalinye ulawulwa inkambu ye-electromagnetic ekhiqizayo.
3. Isihlungi se- polarizing yangaphandle . Uma ingekho, khona-ke esikhundleni sesithombe esikrinini kuzoba nengemuva elimpunga elimnyama kuphela. Ngisho noma ungqimba lwamakristalu awuketshezi, kanye ne-backlight, lusebenza kahle.

Futhi ngemuva kwe-matrix kune-backlight ye-LED. Ibekwe ngokulinganayo phezu kwayo yonke indiza ye-diagonal ye-TV. Njengomthetho, lokhu kuyi-strip ye-LED, lapho isici ngasinye sixhunywe ngokufanayo (kwamanye ama-TV kwenzeka ochungechungeni, kodwa lo mklamo ngokuvamile awusetshenziswa manje).

Futhi ama-LED nawo anensiza yawo yokusebenza (ngokwesilinganiso – kusuka kumahora ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 kuye kwangama-50).

Ngakho-ke, izizathu ezilandelayo eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani amabala amnyama avela ku-LCD TV angahlukaniswa:

• amaphikseli “aphukile” ;
• ukulimala komshini ku-matrix;
• ukwehluleka kwe-backlight mechanism (kuqukethe izibani ze-LED ngqo, kanye ne-inverter eguqula yamanje noma elawula i-voltage yayo);
• uhlaka lokuhlakaza isici;
• i-stratification yesinye sezingqimba ze-matrix (i-polarization);
• ukwehluleka kwe-chip yevidiyo (i-graphic processor, enesibopho sokucubungula isignali yedijithali, ukuyiguqula futhi iyikhiphele ku-matrix yekristalu ewuketshezi).

“Amaphikseli angalungile

Isithombe esikumatrices ekristalu ewuketshezi siqukethe amaphikseli amancane. Futhi ezimweni ezingaba ngu-95%, indawo emnyama esikrinini iwumphumela womonakalo wabo. Kubukeka njengamachashazi amancane anemibala eminingi ngaphandle kwe-halo nxazonke. Umbala wabo ungaba cishe noma yikuphi: eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza, emnyama, emhlophe, ebomvu. Ngeshwa, ukuwohloka okunjalo akukwazi ukulungiswa, ikakhulukazi ngokwakho. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, abakhiqizi abaningi emiyalweni yokusetshenziswa babonisa ngokuqondile ukuthi ukutholakala kwamaphikseli amaningana “aphukile” kuyinto evamile. Isibonelo, ku-Samsung, uma kukhona ezi-3 kuphela esikrinini, lokhu akubhekwa njengecala lewaranti. Uma ngaphezulu, i-matrix izoshintshwa mahhala. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, sicela uxhumane nomkhiqizi ngokuqondile.

Yini edala ukuthi amaphikseli “aphukile” avele kuzikrini ze-LCD?

Ochwepheshe bathi bangacasulwa ngokulimala komshini ku-TV (umthelela ku-matrix), noma ukwehla kwe-voltage kungazelelwe (ikakhulukazi, okudlula inani layo elivumelekile, ngaphezu kwama-230 – 250 Volts). Ngakho-ke, uma i-current kunethiwekhi kagesi yasekhaya ingazinzile, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuxhuma i-TV ngesilawuli sangaphandle samandla kagesi – lokhu kusiza ngempela ukunweba impilo yokusebenza kwemishini.

Ukulimala kwemishini ye-matrix

Isikhathi esiningi kubukeka njengendawo eyindilinga emnyama kusikrini se-TV esinamaphethelo angalingani.

Kwenzeka ngisho nangemva kokushaywa okuncane ku-matrix noma ikesi le-TV!

Ibonisa isifunda esivulekile esihlinzeka ngezoni zekristalu ewuketshezi. Akunakwenzeka ukulungisa ukuwohloka okunjalo. Kukhona futhi ingozi yokuthi izindawo ezinjalo zizokhula ngosayizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okusho ukuthi, ngamathuba angama-95%, i-matrix izoba engasetshenziswa maduzane. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusebenzisa i-TV ene-matrix eyonakele ngomshini akuwona umqondo omuhle. Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona isifunda esifushane phakathi kwama-circuits okunikezwayo kwe-matrix, okuzophinde kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwe-inverter, noma ngisho ne-GPU. Ukulungisa ukuphuka okunjalo akwenzeki. Okusho ukuthi, esikhathini esizayo kuzodingeka uthenge i-TV entsha ukuze ubuyisele endala.

Ukuhluleka kwe-backlight mechanism

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zokuhlukaniswa okunjalo:

1. Ukuhluleka kwe-LED ngokwayo . Okusho ukuthi, i-semiconductor equkethe, i-corny yashiswa. Akunakwenzeka ukushintshwa, ezikhungweni zesevisi zinikeza kuphela ukushintshwa okuphelele kwazo zonke izibani ze-LED-backlight. Kodwa lena inqubo engabizi kakhulu.
2. Ukuhluleka kwe-inverter, enesibopho sokuhlinzeka okwamanje ku-backlight . Kulokhu, i-LED ingase iqale ingasebenzi kuphela endaweni ethile (isibonelo, ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele). Kodwa ngokuzayo, ezinye izindawo zokukhanyisa zizosuswa amandla.

Ibukeka njengendawo emnyama ene-halo ehambisanayo kunendawo emnyama ehlukile. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma ukhanyisa ithoshi elinamandla engxenyeni emnyama, uzoqaphela ukuthi isithombe sivezwa ngokujwayelekile ku-liquid crystal matrix. Ayikhanyi nje. Akufanele wenze okuthile ngokwakho, kungcono ukuthintana nesikhungo sesevisi esigunyaziwe ukuze uthole usizo ngokushesha okukhulu. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi uma i-backlight yonakalisiwe, ingalulama ngokwayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa lokhu kuwumphumela wesikhashana. Kuyisiqinisekiso esengeziwe kuphela sokuthi kukhona ukwephulwa kwamasekethe okuhlinzeka ngemichilo ye-LED.

Iphutha lesendlalelo esihlakazayo

Kusuka ngaphakathi, ikesi lepulasitiki le-TV ngemuva linamathiselwe phezu kwesendlalelo esikhethekile sokuhlakazeka, ngokubukeka okufana ne-foil yensimbi evamile. Inesibopho sokubonisa ukukhanya okuyishaya kusukela ekukhanyeni kwangemuva kwe-LED, kanye nakusendlalelo se-polarization (ibonisa ukukhanya okuwela kuyo). Futhi uma noma yiziphi izindawo ezinoshukela, ezilimele, ezixebukayo zakha ungqimba oluhlakazekayo, khona-ke lokhu kubukeka njengendawo emnyama esikrinini. Ngendlela, ngokuvamile iphutha elinjalo livela ngemva kokuba i-matrix ilungiswe ezikhungweni zesevisi ezingagunyaziwe. Ngoba lapho ungqimba oluhlakazayo lunamathiselwe ngesandla, okungukuthi, cishe akunakwenzeka ukufeza ubushelelezi obuphelele kanye nokungabikho kokugoba nokugoqa. Ezikhungweni zesevisi ezigunyaziwe, njengomthetho, yonke ikhava yangemuva iyashintshwa, lapho ungqimba oluhlakazayo lusetshenziswa ngisho nasembonini. Ngakho-ke, amathuba okulungiswa kwezinga eliphansi alinganiselwe ngokuphelele.

I-Delamination yefilimu ye-polarizing

Lawa mabala amnyama kusikrini se-TV angathatha cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo. Ngokuvamile – ziyindilinga, ezinemiphetho elinganayo, kanye nemivimbo. Kodwa ngokucindezela okuncane, isithombe singase sibe esivamile kafushane, njenge-matrix esebenza ngokugcwele. Ibonisa ukuthi ifilimu ye-polarizing ihlutshiwe. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwemishini, noma ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yokuhlanza enolaka ukusula isikrini se-TV. Kancane kaningi – ngenxa yomshado wefekthri. Kuma-TV amadala, bekusenenkinga lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwefilimu ehlukanisayo kwenzeka ngenxa yokushisisa ngokweqile kwe-matrix. Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, ingcina yamane yancibilika! Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukuthi i-TV ibekwe eduze kodonga noma ama-heaters (futhi ayipholi kahle). Ukuzilungisa ngokwakho akunakwenzeka.

Ukuhluleka kwe-chip yevidiyo

Enye yezinto ezingavamile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuphazamiseka okuyinkimbinkimbi. I-chip yevidiyo ngokuvamile ayiphumelelanga ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile noma amaphutha embonini. Kulokhu, ama-artifact ahlukahlukene, amabala cishe anoma yimuphi umbala angase avele esikrinini. Kodwa asikho isithombe esijwayelekile noma imenyu yezithombe ezingatholakala nganoma iyiphi indlela. I-TV isabela kuphela ekuyivuleni nasekuyivaleni “ku-outlet”, ngoba kuma-TV anamuhla ngisho namasiginali asuka kusidlulisi se-infrared nawo acutshungulwa yi-GPU. Lokhu kuqhekeka kuphinde kuqedwe kuphela ezimeni zesikhungo senkonzo. Futhi kunengozi yokuthi ngeke kwenzeke ukulungisa i-TV, ngoba ama-chips e-GPU awatholakali kuwo wonke amamodeli (kuye ngokuthi inqubomgomo yangaphakathi yomkhiqizi, kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele).

Izimbangela Ezengeziwe Zezindawo Ezimnyama Kumabhrendi Ahlukene we-TV

Eqinisweni, izimbangela zamabala cishe wonke ama-TV ziyafana, ngoba ukwakheka kwe-matrix kanye nomgomo wokubonisa isithombe kuyafana. Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile okumbalwa:

1. Kuma- Samsung TV anomatikuletsheni we-AMOLED, izindawo ezimnyama zingabonisa “ukushiswa kwe-matrix” kwe-matrix. Akukho ukukhanya okungemuva, njengoba iphikseli ngayinye ngokwezobuchwepheshe iyi-organic LED. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amabala abukeka njenge-afterimage (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi “izipoki”).
2. Izindawo ezimnyama esikrinini se- LG TV  kwesinye isikhathi ziwumphumela wephutha lesoftware! Ngokunembayo, ngenxa yokwephulwa kobuchwepheshe bokubhala ikhodi be-AVI ne-MPEG4. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isibuyekezo se-banal firmware sisebenzisa amathuluzi akhelwe ngaphakathi e-TV ngokwayo iyasiza. Ngale nkinga, amabala amnyama avela ezindaweni ezahlukene njalo uma uyivula, ngaphandle kokuhleleka komjikelezo.

Ongakwenza ekhaya ukulungisa ama-smudges kanye nokucinywa kukagesi ku-smart TV yakho

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, amabala amnyama anyamalala ngokwawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kwenzeka uma zivela ngenxa yokuncipha kwesendlalelo se-polarization ngokushisisa kancane kwe-matrix. Kodwa lokhu cishe ku-0.5% yazo zonke izimo. Kwezinye izimo, ukuvakashela esikhungweni sesevisi kuyadingeka. Futhi ngokushesha, kungcono. Ingancishiswa kanjani ingozi yamabala? Izincomo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:

• nganoma yiziphi izindlela ezitholakalayo zokulinganisa umonakalo ongenzeka wemishini ku-TV (isibonelo, uma kunezingane ezincane endlini, khona-ke kungcono ukubeka i-TV odongeni ekuphakameni okungenani kwamamitha angu-1.5 – 1.7);
• ungabeki i-TV eduze nodonga (i-indenti encane edingekayo, abakhiqizi ababonisa emiyalweni yabo, ngamasentimitha angu-15);
• ungabeki ukukhanya okuphezulu kwe-backlight (ezimweni eziningi lokhu akudingekile, futhi i-50 – 70% yezinga elikhanyayo likhululekile kubabukeli abaningi);
• xhuma i-TV ngesilawuli samandla kagesi sangaphandle (sizonciphisa amathuba okwehluleka kwe-inverter kanye nephrosesa yezithombe).

Ngakho, uma kunendawo emnyama kusikrini se-LCD TV, isisombululo esingcono kakhulu ukuthumela okokusebenza isikhungo senkonzo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkosi idinga ukuchaza ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho iphutha livela khona, yiziphi izenzakalo ezandulele lokhu. Uma ukushintshwa okuphelele kwe-matrix kudingekile, khona-ke lokhu kuzobiza cishe u-30 – 70% wezindleko ze-TV entsha enjalo (kuye ngokuthi imodeli ethile). Uma inkinga iku-processor yehluzo, khona-ke ukushintshwa kwayo kubiza cishe u-30 – 50% wezindleko ze-TV, kodwa inkosi ayikwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola ingxenye eyisipele.