OneWeb mu Russia: ebyafaayo by’okutondebwawo n’okukulaakulanya omwaka 2025

OneWeb (eyali emanyiddwa nga WorldVu) kkampuni esangibwa mu Bungereza etongoza setilayiti ezitambula nga zikola okuwa abakozesa yintaneeti engazi okuva wonna ku nsi.

Ebyafaayo by’okujja n’okukulaakulana kwa Oneweb

Mu kusooka, mu 2017, kkampuni ya Oneweb ey’awamu ne kkampuni ya Gonets satellite system joint-stock company zategekebwa okusobola okutumbula enkola ya yintaneeti mu ggwanga lyaffe nga bayita mu satellite ezikola ku sipiidi ey’amaanyi. Mu kusooka, OneWeb yalina emigabo 60% mu kkampuni eno ey’awamu, kyokka mu 2019, emigabo gy’obwannannyini mu kapito akkirizibwa gyakendeera okutuuka ku bitundu 49% bw’ogeraageranya n’omuntu eyeetabye mu kkampuni eno okuva e Russia. Mu myaka 3 egiyise, okusaba okumaliriziddwa okwa kkampuni ya Anglo-Russian “Oneweb” okugula eby’obugagga bya frequency kulowoozebwako emirundi mingi akakiiko k’eggwanga aka Radio Frequencies of Russia (SCRF), naye tewali lukusa lwatwalibwa ku kusaba kuno . N’ekyavaamu, okusaba kuno kwaggyibwawo olw’okulaba “okunnyonnyola amawulire okusinziira ku bukwakkulizo bw’amateeka g’eggwanga.” Gye buvuddeko OneWeb yalangiridde nti egenda kuva mu OneWeb JV, eyategekebwa wamu n’enkola ya Gonets satellite system eya Russia. Amawulire gano gaalangiriddwa omukutu gw’Olungereza “The Daily Telegraph”, nga gajuliza amawulire okuva mu bakiise ba kkampuni eno.

Ebizibu bya OneWeb, okugwa mu mabanja

Mu March 2020, CNews yawandiika ku misango gy’okugwa kwa OneWeb, egyekuusa ku nsaasaanya ennene ey’ekitongole kino n’embeera y’okuvuganya okw’amaanyi ku pulojekiti ez’amaanyi ezifaananako bwe zityo ez’abalala abeetabye mu katale Amazon ne SpaceX. Nga wayise akaseera katono, kkampuni eno yasaba obukulembeze bw’essaza ly’e Bungereza ssente ezeewolwa mu bukadde bwa pawundi 500, nga zino obukadde bwa ddoola nga 645, ezisoboka okufulumizibwa mu kizimbe ky’okuwa ensimbi za pulojekiti ez’enjawulo ku buwumbi bwa ddoola 2.2 okuva ku muntu ssekinnoomu ba siponsa.

Okuyunga abakozesa mu bibuga n’ebyalo ebyesudde ku yintaneeti eya broadband

Abakozesa mu bifo ebyesudde mu Russia Federation n’amawanga amalala ag’ensi yonna basobola okuyunga ttivvi, essimu, PC oba laptop ey’omulembe ku setilayiti nga bayita mu kifo ky’omukozesa ekya OneWeb satellite terminal eky’ebbeeyi entono, ekirimu satellite dish, receiver ne Wi- Ekitundu ky’empuliziganya ekya Fi / LTE / 3G. Abakola satellite bokka be basobola okugula ebyuma bya Oneweb mu mateeka mu Russia mu mwaka gwa 2021, embeera n’okugwa kwa kkampuni eno okumala akaseera, Covid ekyali ya bunkenke.

OneWeb Satellites nga ekitundu

Okutegeka yintaneeti nga bayita mu nkola za satellite mu ggwanga lyonna, Oneweb LLC yagezaako okufuna frequency ezeetaagisa mu 14-30 GHz (Earth – space). Ku nkomerero ya 2017, akakiiko k’eggwanga akavunaanyizibwa ku by’okukola leediyo (SCRF) kaagaana okusaba kwa Oneweb. Okumaliriza okusalawo okw’okugaana ng’okwo kuyinza okuba nga kwava ku kuba nti waali wakyaliwo okusaba kwa frequency ezaasabibwa okuva mu kkampuni ya Express-RV, eyateekateeka okuwa empuliziganya ennywevu mu bitundu by’e Arctic. Ku ntandikwa ya 2019, kkampuni ya Cosmic Svyaz evunaanyizibwa ku kuyisa emitendera gya pulojekiti ya Express-RV, yafuna frequency ezeetaagisa, wadde nga Roscosmos teyakkiriza kusalawo ng’okwo. Mu kwata y’okuna eya 2018, ekitongole ky’ebyokwerinda ekya Federal Security Service of the country (FSB) tekyakkiriziganya na kussa ludda lwa Russia mu pulojekiti ya OneWeb. Okusinziira ku nsonda mu kitongole kino, omukutu gwa setilayiti gutera okukozesebwa mu by’obukessi, ekintu ekifiiriza obukuumi bwa gavumenti obwa Russia. Mu birala, amagye gatwala okutongoza pulojekiti ng’eno ng’eky’obulabe ekiyinza okubaawo eri enkola ennungi ey’abaddukanya essimu mu Russia, ekisinga okukwatagana mu bitundu ebitaliimu bantu era ebizibu okuyita, wamu n’okuyingiza bannansi mu kattu okuva mu mpuliziganya y’amawanga amalala obuweereza.
Ng’eky’okugonjoola eky’okugonjoola emirimu mu OneWeb, FSB yaleeta ekirowoozo ky’okutegeka enkola yaayo ey’empuliziganya ng’eyita ku setilayiti nga mulimu China ne Buyindi, ezitakola bikolwa bya bukambwe ku ggwanga lyaffe. Akulira kkampuni ya Roskosmos, Dmitry Rogozin, yakikkaatirizza nti kisoboka okutegeka pulojekiti ng’eno nga tewali ludda lwa Russia, wabula, ekivaamu, efiirwa omukisa mu ngeri emu oba endala okufuga embeera. Ku ntandikwa yennyini ya 2019, kyali kyeyoleka bulungi nti akakiiko k’eggwanga akavunaanyizibwa ku firikwensi za leediyo kakugira okuyingiza ebyuma ebiyitibwa terminal ebyetaagisa mu mpuliziganya y’amasimu nga biyita ku setilayiti okugenda e Russia eri abantu abatalina kakwate na kkampuni ezikola ku by’empuliziganya. OneWeb okusinziira ku Reuters erina enteekateeka z’okutuuka ku nsonga y’okukkaanya n’ab’obuyinza mu Russia, okukendeeza ku mugabo gwayo mu by’obugagga by’omukago guno wansi w’omuwendo ogwateekebwawo. We gunaatuukira mu February 2019, kkampuni eno ey’awamu egenda kudda wansi w’obulabirizi bwa Russia. Omugabo gwa Roskosmos mu OneWeb gwalinnya okutuuka ku bitundu 51%, ate omugabo gwa OneWeb ne gukendeera okutuuka ku bitundu 49%. Mu August 2019, Oneweb JV yaggyayo okusaba kwayo okw’okufuna frequency mu ggwanga okumala ekiseera okusobola okumaliriza omulimu guno nga basinziira ku mbeera eriwo kati mu mateeka ga Russia.

Abavuganya mu Russia Federation n’ensi yonna

Abasinga okuvuganya kkampuni eno ye Amazon, erina enkola yaayo eya Kuiper solution era nga yalangirirwa mu 2nd quarter ya 2019, ne SpaceX, eyatondebwawo Elon Musk, naye alina emigabo mu kkampuni ekola mmotoka z’amasannyalaze eya Tesla, atandise okukola pulojekiti ye eya satellite Internet .

Amawulire agasembyeyo

Ekibinja ekipya ekya sseetilayiti z’empuliziganya eza OneWeb mu Bungereza kyaleeteddwa mu kifo ekiyitibwa Vostochny Cosmodrome okuzitongoza nga kitegekeddwa mu May. “Ebyuma 36 eby’omu bwengula eby’ekitongole kya OneWeb byatuusiddwa ku kisaawe ky’ennyonyi e Ignatievo, ekisangibwa mu Blagoveshchensk, ku nnyonyi An-124-100,” amawulire agali ku mukutu gw’ekitongole kya gavumenti ekya Roscosmos bwe gasoma. Mu ngeri ey’enjawulo, kizuuliddwa nti emigugu gino gyatuuse ku cosmodrome, nga giwerekerwako abakugu okuva mu kifo ekiyitibwa Vostochny space center. Okutongoza Oneweb okuva mu Vostochny Cosmodrome nga April 26, 2021: https://youtu.be/gU3CQtLXOc8 Kikulu nnyo eri ebyenfuna bya Russia nti waliwo amakampuni nga OneWeb amangi, olwo eggwanga lyaffe lijja kukulaakulana mangu, kubanga kati sipiidi wa yintaneeti n’okubunyisa empuliziganya ya setilayiti kisinziira nnyo.