Ma TV ochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana samalumikizana ndi Wi-Fi: zomwe zimayambitsa, zothetsera

Eni ake ambiri a zida zamakono zapa TV amakumana ndi mavuto pomwe TV siyikulumikizana ndi netiweki ya Wi-Fi. Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi ntchitoyi, zabwino zomwe Smart TV ili nazo zatayika. Kuti mubwerere kuntchito yonse, muyenera kudziwa zomwe muyenera kuchita.

Chifukwa chiyani TV sangawone maukonde kudzera pa Wi-Fi – zoyenera kuchita poyamba

Vuto ngati smart TV silumikizana ndi wi fi ndilofala kwambiri. Izi zikachitika, ndiye kuti wogwiritsa ntchito sangathe kulumikizana ndi intaneti, amapezerapo mwayi pazinthu zonse zanzeru. Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe kulumikiza opanda zingwe pogwiritsa ntchito ma module a Wi-Fi kumakhala kosatheka. Opanga ma TV atsopano apereka mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe awa. Komabe, zitha kuchitika kuti TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa intaneti yopanda zingwe. Ndikofunika kuti vutoli lithetsedwe mwamsanga kuti mubwezeretse ntchitozo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira zosangalatsa ndi zosangalatsa za TV. Ngati TV sichikugwirizana ndi intaneti yopanda zingwe, ndiye kuti mutha kuthetsa vutoli m’njira zingapo:

1. Zimitsani TV ndi kuyatsanso .
2. Yambitsaninso rauta .
3. Lumikizani pamanja . Kuti muchite izi, muzosankha zolumikizira mumenyu, sankhani njira yosinthira pamanja. Kenako lowetsani adilesi iliyonse ya IP yomwe ikukwanira m’dera lanu. Chitsanzo chofala kwambiri ndi 255.255.255.0. Pambuyo pake, mu mzere wa “Gateway”, muyenera kufotokoza adilesi ya IP ya rauta, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji kulowa zoikamo.

Menyu ikuwoneka motere:
Mutha kuyang’ana subnet mask ndi chipata pogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta. Njira ina yothetsera vutoli ndikuthetsa ma seva a DNS. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pama TV opangidwa pansi pa mtundu wa Samsung. Maadiresi oyenerera amasankhidwa ndikulowa m’munda wofanana. Nthawi zina chifukwa chotseka ndikulephera kwa module yopanda zingwe. Mutha kuthetsa vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito njira ina yolumikizira opanda zingwe. Mutha kuyesa kulumikizana ndi WPS. Tekinoloje iyi imakulolani kuti mutsegule njira yolumikizirana mwachangu. Muyenera kuyang’ana izo mu zoikamo TV. Chotsatira ndikuyambitsa njira yolumikizira yosankhidwa mwachindunji pa rauta yokha. Imodzi mwa njira zosavuta zothetsera vutoli ndikukhazikitsanso makonda onse omwe adayikidwa (bwererani ku zoikamo za fakitale). Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupita ku menyu makonda, sankhani chinthucho chokhudzana ndi zoikamo kapena diagnostics (malingana ndi wopanga). Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti posankha njira yosinthira ku fakitale, TV idzabwezera osati zoikamo (zofunika kwambiri) zapaintaneti, komanso chithunzi, phokoso, ndi zosungira mphamvu. Zosintha zaumwini zopangidwa ndi eni ake a Smart TV sizingasungidwe.

Zofunika! Musanakhazikitsenso zoikamo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulembenso zikhalidwe zamagawo akulu zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi intaneti.

Chitsanzo cha tsamba lazakudya pa TV:
Palinso zifukwa zingapo zamakono zomwe chipangizochi chimasiya kulumikiza ku intaneti yopanda zingwe. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chosokonekera kwa rauta. Palinso njira ina – chizindikiro chofooka kuchokera pa router. Pankhaniyi, chipangizo chilichonse chikulimbikitsidwa kuti chiyike pafupi ndi TV. Ngati n’kotheka, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyika rauta ndi rauta kuti pasakhale zinthu zina kapena makoma panjira yawo. Ndiye khalidwe la chizindikiro ndi kulandiridwa lidzawonjezeka. Mu 90% ya milandu, vutoli limatha.

Zofunika! Ngati n’kotheka, ndi bwino kukhazikitsa malo olowera paphiri. Ndiye chizindikiro sichidzasokonezedwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta mukalumikiza netiweki yopanda zingwe kapena kuzimitsa kungakhale kolakwika kwa rauta. Kuti musinthe, muyenera kulowa mu gulu lowongolera la chipangizochi. Kenako pezani tabu yotchedwa “DHCP”. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuyang’ana ngati seva ya dzina lomwelo yayatsidwa (payenera kukhala chizindikiro chosiyana). Ngati palibe kugwirizana, muyenera kusonyeza kuphatikizidwa, ndiyeno fufuzani ntchito yoyenera. Pambuyo pake, imasungidwa. Mphamvu zowonjezera zidzalumikiza rauta ku TV. Wogwiritsa azitha kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zonse ndikupeza intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito Smart TV. Malangizo nambala 2: muyenera kuyang’ana tabu “Chitetezo” pazida (rauta) menyu. Chiwonetsero: ngati kusefa kwa kasitomala ndi adilesi ya MAC ndikoyatsidwa, ndiye kuti kuyenera kuzimitsidwa. Pazida zochokera kwa opanga awa, monga ASUS, TP-Link, D-Link, khalidwe la Huawei ndikutha kuwonjezera adilesi ya MAC pamndandanda woyera. Ubwino wake ndikuti zida zonse zomwe zikuphatikizidwa pamndandandawu sizidzatsekedwa ndi rauta nthawi ina ikadzatsegulidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti TV sidzasokonezanso maulumikizidwe ndi wifi. Pachitsanzo cha rauta ya TP-Link, zikuwoneka motere:
Njira ina yothetsera vutoli ndikusintha firmware ya TV (apa ndikofunika kulingalira chitsanzo cha chipangizo). Mapulogalamu omangidwira a Smart TV yamakono amafunikira zosintha pafupipafupi komanso zanthawi yake. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolakwika zitha kuwoneka, imodzi mwazomwe izikhala ndikuchotsa TV yokha kuchokera pamalumikizidwe opanda zingwe.

Ngati TV sikugwirizana ndi Wi-Fi rauta, ndiye choyamba tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang’ana intaneti, ndiye yang’anani pa fimuweya ndiyeno kuyang’ana njira zina zotheka vuto.

M’pofunika kuganizira chinthu china chofunika – zolakwika pakugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyo zimatha kudziunjikira pang’onopang’ono. Zotsatira zake, ogwiritsa ntchito a Smart TV amakumana ndi zovuta akamagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo, kuphatikiza kuchotsedwa pamalumikizidwe opanda zingwe. Ndikofunikira kuganizira mtundu womwe ulipo wa TV. Izi ndichifukwa choti zosintha za firmware ndikusintha kwina kwaukadaulo kumapangidwa kwa iwo m’njira zosiyanasiyana. Njira zitha kukhala motere:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito netiweki yosiyana yopanda zingwe.
• Kudzera pa intaneti chingwe.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito ma drive akunja (hard drive kapena flash drive).

Ngati WiFi sachiza pa Anzeru TV, ndiye ena onse options pamwamba ntchito download pulogalamu yatsopano ya mapulogalamu pamene rebooting zipangizo sikuthandiza. Tsatanetsatane wa ntchito angapezeke pa TV menyu (awa akhoza kukhala zigawo “Thandizo”, “Support” kapena “Center Thandizo”). Kusiyana kumadalira mtundu ndi mtundu wa TV. Mapulogalamu amakono ndi atsopano amasonyezedwanso pazenera mu gawo lolingana la menyu.

Pamene mukugwira ntchito zosintha, muyenera kukumbukira kuti simungathe kuzimitsa zipangizo. Ngati kugwirizana sikulephera, kusintha sikudzatha. Zolakwika zowonjezera zitha kuchitika, zomwe zingasokoneze magwiridwe antchito a TV. Ndizosavomerezekanso kugwiritsa ntchito firmware yachitatu. Mukawayika, mutha kutaya chitsimikizo cha Smart TV.

Njira ina yochotsera vutoli ndikusintha adaputala opanda zingwe ndi yakunja. Posankha njirayi, kumbukirani kuti sizingagwire ntchito ngati gawo la wailesi likulephera. Mutha kuyesa kulumikiza chipangizo chakunja, monga momwe zilili zolakwa zimatha. Zimayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo mutatha kulumikizana ndi TV. Doko la USB liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa izi. Nthawi zambiri, mutha kuthana ndi vuto lolumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa njira zotsatirazi. Ngati kulumikizana sikukuwoneka, muyenera kulumikizana ndi msonkhano.

Android TV yosalumikizana ndi WiFi – zimayambitsa ndi yankho

Zomwe zimachitika pamene chipangizocho chiyatsidwa pa Android, wogwiritsa ntchito amawona zolembedwa kuti palibe intaneti, zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake ambiri akudziwa kale zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zothetsera. Kotero nthawi zambiri vutoli likhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito kumbali ya wothandizira. Zothetsera ngati wopereka intaneti alibe vuto:

1. Kuyambitsanso rauta.
2. Kuyambitsanso rauta.
3. Kuyang’ana maulaliki onse omwe alipo.
4. Kuyang’ana mawaya ndi zingwe zonse kuti zilumikizidwe ndi chotulukapo komanso kukhulupirika kwa kapangidwe kake.

Muyeneranso kuchotsa ndikulumikizanso intaneti yanu.

Tizen OS sidzalumikizana ndi WiFi – zimayambitsa ndi yankho

Chifukwa chachikulu chikhoza kukhala pulogalamu glitch. Kuti mukonze, mudzafunikanso kuyambitsanso zida zonse. Ngati izi sizikuthandizani, ndiye kuti kusintha kumafunika. Mutha kuchita izi mumenyu yapa TV.

Apple TV yosalumikizana ndi WiFi – zimayambitsa ndi yankho

Ngati Apple TV yanu silumikizana ndi Wi-Fi yakunyumba kwanu, zotsatirazi zitha kukhala zomwe zayambitsa vutoli:

1. Kulakwitsa kudachitika polowetsa mawu achinsinsi mumenyu yayikulu.
2. Pa kulumikizana kulikonse komwe kumapangidwa, njira yozindikiritsa ndiyofunikira (zofunikira zimaperekedwa mwachindunji ndi omwe amapereka intaneti).
3. Bokosi lapamwamba limalumikizidwa ndi netiweki ya anthu onse ndipo silingathe kupeza ma seva operekedwa ndi Apple TV.

Kuthetsa mavuto onsewa sikovuta. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa chomwe chikulepheretsa kulumikizana. Ngati vuto liri muchinsinsi, ndiye kuti ndikwanira kuti mulowetsenso ndikuyang’ana zilembo musanayambe kutsimikizira.

Zofunika! Zikachitika kuti zida zina zochokera kwa wopanga uyu zikulumikizana ndi kulumikizana opanda zingwe ndikugwira ntchito mokhazikika pa intaneti, muyenera kukonza bokosi lokhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito magawo omwe amawonetsedwa pa smartphone kapena piritsi yanu. Ngati, mwachitsanzo, laputopu sikugwirizana ndi TV kudzera pa wifi, choyamba muyenera kuyang’ana sequentially momwe zinthu zilili mu dongosolo.

Mavuto pa TV kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana

LG TV silumikizana ndi Wi-Fi

Ngati LG TV si kugwirizana WiFi, ndiye inu muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi: kupita ku menyu waukulu, kuchokera izo kupita ku zoikamo gawo. Kenako sinthani ku tabu ndi chithandizo cha chipangizocho ndikupeza zomwe mukufuna. Kumeneko muyenera kuwona ngati zambiri zokhudza adilesi ya MAC ya Smart TV zikuwonetsedwa bwino. Nthawi zambiri pachifukwa ichi, LG TV si kugwirizana Internet kapena rauta. LG TV simalumikizana ndi wifi – konzani Smart TV LV yomwe siyikuwona netiweki: https://youtu.be/TT0fQoJwzV0

Dexp TV samawona maukonde opanda zingwe

Ngati Dexp TV sichikulumikizana ndi Wi-Fi, koma mawonekedwe a mawaya ndi rauta ndizabwinobwino, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita izi pazosankha zazikulu za Smart TV:

1. Sankhani chinthu cha netiweki opanda zingwe.
2. Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi pawindo lomwe limatsegula (onani ndikukumbukira pa chipangizocho).
3. Pitani ku zoikamo (Smart TV menyu).
4. Dinani pa Network kapena Internet ndi Wi-Fi gawo.
5. Yambitsani Wi-Fi (ngati ikugwira ntchito kale, zimitsani ndikuyatsanso).
6. Pitani ku “Add network” submenu.
7. Yembekezerani ma netiweki omwe akugwira ntchito (mndandanda wazosankha zomwe zilipo ziziwonekera zokha).

Kenako muyenera kusankha dzina la netiweki opanda zingwe pa mndandanda. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kulowa mawu achinsinsi mu njira muyezo ndi kukumbukira. Musanatsimikizire, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zolakwika, chifukwa nthawi ina mukalumikiza chipangizocho chidzatsogoleredwa ndi zomwe zaperekedwa ndikusungidwa mumenyu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti TV ikhoza kukhala kutali ndi rauta. Pazifukwa izi, mavuto olumikizana nawo amatha kuchitika. Kupuma pafupipafupi nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti gwero lopanda zingwe lili, mwachitsanzo, mu chipinda chotsatira. Zotsatira zake, wogwiritsa ntchito Smart TV amatha kuwona kuzizira komanso chibwibwi chazithunzi.

Mukayika TV, tikulimbikitsidwa kuganizira magawo monga mtunda wa rauta ndi makulidwe a makoma a chipindacho.

bbk tv osalumikizana ndi wifi

Ngati BBK TV sichikugwirizana ndi netiweki ya wifi, mutha kuyesa njira ya WPS. Ndizoyenera ngati wogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi chilolezo cholowera ndi mawu achinsinsi pa rauta (osati mitundu yonse yothandizira ukadaulo uwu). Kenako muyenera kuchita zinthu zingapo: gwirani ndikugwira (mpaka masekondi 10) batani la WPS. Zotsatira zake, chizindikiro chofananira chiyenera kuyatsa. Pambuyo pake, mutha kuyambitsa ukadaulo mwachindunji pa TV. Kuti muyambe, muyenera kudikirira kulumikizana kwa zida. Nthawi zina WPS-PIN yowonjezera imafunika. Itha kuwonedwa mu mawonekedwe a rauta yomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito.

Sony TV sikuwona kulumikizidwa opanda zingwe

Ngati Sony TV silumikizana ndi wifi, muyenera kuyang’ana kuti nthawi ndi zosintha zamasiku zili zaposachedwa. Kenako (ngati zonse zili zolondola), tikulimbikitsidwa kuletsa zosintha zokha. Kenako muyenera kubwerera ku menyu yayikulu ndikuzimitsa TV pogwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chakutali. Kenako muyatsenso pakatha mphindi 2-3.

Samsung TV sikugwirizana ndi WiFi

Pamene Samsung Anzeru TV sangathe kulumikiza maukonde opanda zingwe, muyenera kupita “Support” gawo mu menyu waukulu.
Kumeneko, kusankha “Contact Samsung” katunduyo, akanikizire “Down Arrow” ndi “Opanda zingwe MAC”. Kenako lowetsani deta, fufuzani ndikusunga.

Xiaomi TV sakuwona maukonde

Ngati Xiaomi TV sakulumikizana ndi netiweki ya Wi-Fi, kapena kulumikizidwa pafupipafupi kumachitika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuzimitsa chipangizocho kwathunthu kwa mphindi 3-4. Kenako yambitsaninso, pitani kugawo lalikulu la menyu ya Wi-Fi, fufuzani kutsimikizika kwa mawu achinsinsi omwe adalowetsedwa ndikulowa. Ngati palibe kulumikizana, muyenera kuyang’ananso makonda a rauta omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati chiletso chakhazikitsidwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwonjezera adilesi ku White List. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kupita ku zoikamo rauta mu “Access Control” kapena “MAC kusefa” menyu, malinga chitsanzo, ntchito IP adiresi. Zimachitikanso kuti njira zomwe zili pamwambazi sizithandiza ndipo TV siyingagwirizane ndi netiweki yopanda zingwe. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira adilesi ya seva ya DNS. Kuti muchite izi, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kupita ku “Zikhazikiko” menyu, kenako ku gawo lotchedwa “Network Settings”. Kumeneko muyenera kusankha “Zokonda pa Wi-Fi”, sankhani yamakono kuchokera kumalo ogwirizanitsa omwe mukufuna. Pitani ku “DNS Settings” chinthu (nthawi zambiri pansi pa gawoli). Kenako, mu mzere wa “DNS Address”, muyenera kutchula 8.8.8.8 kapena 8.8.4.4, komanso 208.67.222.222 kapena 208.67.220.220. Kuti mumalize, muyenera dinani batani la “Save”. Smart TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi – chifukwa chake TV siyikuwona maukonde komanso choti achite kuti akonze zomwe zimayambitsa: https://youtu.be/1a9u6mez8YI Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto pomwe ma TV amtundu wodziwika kulumikizana ndi wifi. Njirazi zidzakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse mwamsanga mwayi wa mautumiki omwe mumawakonda popanda kulankhulana ndi zokambirana ndi malo ogwira ntchito. amatchedwa “Network Settings”. Kumeneko muyenera kusankha “Zokonda pa Wi-Fi”, sankhani yamakono kuchokera kumalo ogwirizanitsa omwe mukufuna. Pitani ku “DNS Settings” chinthu (nthawi zambiri pansi pa gawoli). Kenako, mu mzere wa “DNS Address”, muyenera kutchula 8.8.8.8 kapena 8.8.4.4, komanso 208.67.222.222 kapena 208.67.220.220. Kuti mumalize, muyenera dinani batani la “Save”. Smart TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi – chifukwa chake TV siyikuwona maukonde komanso choti achite kuti akonze zomwe zimayambitsa: https://youtu.be/1a9u6mez8YI Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto pomwe ma TV amtundu wodziwika kulumikizana ndi wifi. Njirazi zidzakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse mwamsanga mwayi wa mautumiki omwe mumawakonda popanda kulankhulana ndi zokambirana ndi malo ogwira ntchito. amatchedwa “Network Settings”. Kumeneko muyenera kusankha “Zokonda pa Wi-Fi”, sankhani yamakono kuchokera kumalo ogwirizanitsa omwe mukufuna. Pitani ku “DNS Settings” chinthu (nthawi zambiri pansi pa gawoli). Kenako, mu mzere wa “DNS Address”, muyenera kutchula 8.8.8.8 kapena 8.8.4.4, komanso 208.67.222.222 kapena 208.67.220.220. Kuti mumalize, muyenera dinani batani la “Save”. Smart TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi – chifukwa chake TV siyikuwona maukonde komanso choti achite kuti akonze zomwe zimayambitsa: https://youtu.be/1a9u6mez8YI Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto pomwe ma TV amtundu wodziwika kulumikizana ndi wifi. Njirazi zidzakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse mwamsanga mwayi wa mautumiki omwe mumawakonda popanda kulankhulana ndi zokambirana ndi malo ogwira ntchito. sankhani yeniyeni kuchokera kumalo ogwirizanitsa omwe akufunidwa. Pitani ku “DNS Settings” chinthu (nthawi zambiri pansi pa gawoli). Kenako, mu mzere wa “DNS Address”, muyenera kutchula 8.8.8.8 kapena 8.8.4.4, komanso 208.67.222.222 kapena 208.67.220.220. Kuti mumalize, muyenera dinani batani la “Save”. Smart TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi – chifukwa chake TV siyikuwona maukonde komanso choti achite kuti akonze zomwe zimayambitsa: https://youtu.be/1a9u6mez8YI Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto pomwe ma TV amtundu wodziwika kulumikizana ndi wifi. Njirazi zidzakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse mwamsanga mwayi wa mautumiki omwe mumawakonda popanda kulankhulana ndi zokambirana ndi malo ogwira ntchito. sankhani yeniyeni kuchokera kumalo ogwirizanitsa omwe akufunidwa. Pitani ku “DNS Settings” chinthu (nthawi zambiri pansi pa gawoli). Kenako, mu mzere wa “DNS Address”, muyenera kutchula 8.8.8.8 kapena 8.8.4.4, komanso 208.67.222.222 kapena 208.67.220.220. Kuti mumalize, muyenera dinani batani la “Save”. Smart TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi – chifukwa chake TV siyikuwona maukonde komanso choti achite kuti akonze zomwe zimayambitsa: https://youtu.be/1a9u6mez8YI Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto pomwe ma TV amtundu wodziwika kulumikizana ndi wifi. Njirazi zidzakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse mwamsanga mwayi wa mautumiki omwe mumawakonda popanda kulankhulana ndi zokambirana ndi malo ogwira ntchito. 222 kapena 208.67.220.220. Kuti mumalize, muyenera dinani batani la “Save”. Smart TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi – chifukwa chake TV siyikuwona maukonde komanso choti achite kuti akonze zomwe zimayambitsa: https://youtu.be/1a9u6mez8YI Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto pomwe ma TV amtundu wodziwika kulumikizana ndi wifi. Njirazi zidzakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse mwamsanga mwayi wa mautumiki omwe mumawakonda popanda kulankhulana ndi zokambirana ndi malo ogwira ntchito. 222 kapena 208.67.220.220. Kuti mumalize, muyenera dinani batani la “Save”. Smart TV simalumikizana ndi intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi – chifukwa chake TV siyikuwona maukonde komanso choti achite kuti akonze zomwe zimayambitsa: https://youtu.be/1a9u6mez8YI Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto pomwe ma TV amtundu wodziwika kulumikizana ndi wifi. Njirazi zidzakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse mwamsanga mwayi wa mautumiki omwe mumawakonda popanda kulankhulana ndi zokambirana ndi malo ogwira ntchito.