Niki kabiri na gatatu multiplex: ibisobanuro n’amabwiriza yo gushyiraho tereviziyo ya digitale

Multiplex ya kabiri cyangwa RTRS-2 ni Televiziyo yu Burusiya na Radiyo Yamamaza-2, paketi yubusa yimiyoboro ya tereviziyo. Yanduzwa hafi muri Federasiyo y’Uburusiya, usibye uturere duke cyangwa utoroshye kugera. Kugeza ubu, multiplex ya gatatu cyangwa RTRS-3 irategurwa gusohoka.

Igice cya kabiri cyimibare

Ikwirakwizwa rya digitale ya kabiri ya multiplex yakozwe muri buri karere ka Federasiyo yUburusiya muri 2019. Bafite ibice birenga 98% by’ubutaka bwose bw’igihugu. Kubice bya kure kandi bituwe cyane, kureba imiyoboro birashoboka ukoresheje tereviziyo ya satelite.

Ni ubuhe buryo bukubiye muri RTRS-2?

Imiyoboro yashyizwe muri multiplex ya kabiri, kuva 2012 kugeza 2015, yatoranijwe mu marushanwa na komisiyo nkuru ya tereviziyo na radiyo. Urutonde rwabo rwemejwe na Roskomnadzor:

• “Urugo”;
• “Inyenyeri”;
• “Isi”;
• “Muz TV”;
• “Ku wa gatanu”;
• “RenTV”;
• “Yakijijwe”;
• “STS”;
• “TV-3”;
• “TNT”.

Ahanini, iyi ni imiyoboro yihariye cyangwa imyidagaduro.

Umwihariko wa RTRS-2 nuko itarimo gutangaza.

Inshuro

Imiyoboro yashyizwe muri multiplex ya kabiri yakiriye inshuro zikoreshwa murwego rwa decimeter kuva kuri 470 MHz kugeza 862 MHz. Kugirango ugaragaze kwakira paki yimiyoboro ya TV, koresha kandi ibintu bya tekiniki bikurikira:

• imiterere nyamukuru ni DVB-T2;
• imiterere isanzwe isobanura ni SDTV;
• inshuro ikora yo gutangaza ni 498 MHz.

Kugira ngo wakire ikimenyetso muri buri karere, imirongo itandukanye ikoreshwa murwego kuva kuri 471 kugeza 950 MHz, ni ukuvuga kuva kuri tereviziyo 21 kugeza 80 hamwe nigice cyagenwe. Inzandiko zandikirwa mu mbonerahamwe ikurikira. Koresha amakuru yacyo mugihe ushyizeho multiplex ya kabiri mukarere kawe. Birahagije kumenya nimero yumurongo wogukwirakwiza ibimenyetso bya digitale, hanyuma wandike numero yayo mugihe ushakisha:

Igice cya gatatu – gutangiza muri 2020

RTRS-3 ikomeje umurongo wibikoresho bya tereviziyo ya televiziyo byakiriwe mu gihugu hose.

Ni ryari kandi nihehe gahunda yo gutangiza iteganijwe?

Gutangiza ibiganiro bya multiplex ya gatatu muri Federasiyo y’Uburusiya biteganijwe muri 2020-2021. Kugeza ubu, verisiyo yicyitegererezo ya RTRS-3 igizwe na digitale irahari kubatuye Moscou ndetse no mukarere ka Moscou kuri 578 MHz (umuyoboro wa TV 34).

Repubulika ya Crimée isanzwe itangaza multiplex yayo ya gatatu. Ipaki ikubiyemo imiyoboro myinshi yo gutangaza amakuru.

Ni ubuhe buryo buzashyirwa muri multiplex ya gatatu?

Kugeza ubu ntibishoboka kuvuga neza imiyoboro izashyirwa mugice cya gatatu. Imiyoboro ya tereviziyo yo hagati no mu karere irashobora kwinjira. Roskomnadzor yatanze impushya zo uburenganzira bwo gutangaza muri multiplex ya gatatu ku masosiyete arenga 40 ya tereviziyo na radiyo. Urutonde rw’imiyoboro ivugwa i Moscou:

Hano hari imiyoboro igera kuri 40 yose, ariko ntabwo yose ifite amasaha yose yerekana. Muri paki, gahunda yabo ikusanywa hakurikijwe igihe cyo gutangaza imiyoboro 10 umunsi wose.

Ni ibihe bibazo byo gutangira?

Gutangira imirimo ya RTRS-3 mu Burusiya, ni ngombwa gukemura imirimo myinshi:

• Guhitamo umuyoboro . Ibipimo nyamukuru bagomba kubahiriza ni:
  • amahirwe yo gutangaza analogi;
  • urwego rwo hejuru mubareba;
  • igice kinini cyibirimo byumwimerere, kurema gahunda zabo, urukurikirane, inzinguzingo y’ibicuruzwa byumwanditsi;
  • kwakira neza amafaranga yinjira muri iki gihe, nta kibazo cyamafaranga kiri imbere;
  • amahirwe yo gutangaza amasaha yose.
• Imirongo yubusa . Kugeza ubu, benshi muribo bafite imiyoboro ya analogue yo mukarere. Ikibazo kizakemurwa no guhagarika ibiganiro bya analogue bitarenze igihe cyatangajwe cyo ku ya 3 Kamena 2020.
• Inkunga . Hateganijwe uruhare rwingengo yimari yinzego zinyuranye zingana na 70-80%. Hano haribishoboka ko multiplex ya gatatu yose izishyurwa.
• Ubushobozi bwo gutangaza imiyoboro yakarere . Guhagarika ibiganiro bya analogue bizabuza amasosiyete menshi ya tereviziyo na radio byaho amahirwe yo kujya kumurongo. Hateguwe uburyo bwo gushyiramo imiyoboro yo mukarere no mukarere muri multiplex ya gatatu.

https://youtu.be/YBnyHJXWIaA

Nigute ushobora guhuza no kugena multiplex ya kabiri / gatatu?

Uburyo bwo gushiraho TV kugirango yakire multiplex ya kabiri cyangwa iya gatatu biterwa n’ubwoko bwa TV yakira. Niba ufite TV ya digitale yemera imiterere ya digitale ya DVB-T2, guhuza umuyoboro bikorwa ukurikije urutonde rusanzwe, bisobanurwa mubitabo byabakoresha. Ntugomba kugura ibikoresho byinyongera bya digitale.

Reba niba televiziyo yawe yakira ibimenyetso byimiterere isabwa mumabwiriza agenga igikoresho cyawe. Ibikoresho kandi byaranzwe nikirangantego “DVB-T2”.

Kubakira ibyuma bya digitale bitemera imiterere ya DVB-T2 , cyangwa kuri tereviziyo igereranya, hiyongereyeho agasanduku k’imibare icumi. Mugihe uhisemo, suzuma ibi bikurikira:

• reba ikirango cya “DVB-T2” kuri konsole;
• imbanzirizamushinga igomba kugira buto yo kugenzura “Tangira” no guhinduranya umuyoboro;
• reba niba hari ibisubizo bya RCA na HDMI byo guhuza TV, umuhuza USB wo guhuza flash cyangwa disiki ikomeye;
• rimwe na rimwe adaptate yinyongera kumuhuza wa SCART isabwa niba TV idafite RCA na HDMI;
• Umugozi wa RCA-RCA hamwe na adapteri yihariye yingufu zirakenewe mubikoresho byabikoresho;
• hifujwe ko igenzura ryumwanya wo hejuru-agasanduku ryoroshye mubunini bwo gukoresha;
• imiterere yo gukinisha amajwi yo gukinisha – Dolby Digital, imiterere ya multimediya – MPEG-4 (AVC / H.264), USB PVP, SD / HD nibindi.

Antenne yo kwakira ibimenyetso irashobora kuba decimeter. Iyo idahari, niba uri kure cyane yumunara wa TV, antenne yicyumba cya decimeter irahagije. Niba uri kure, ukeneye ibyuma byerekana ibimenyetso bya TV .

Kwihuza no kugena ibice bya kabiri:

• Niba agasanduku gashyizwe hejuru kadakenewe (tuner ya DVB-T2 yubatswe muri TV):
  1. Hagarika TV kumashanyarazi.
  2. Huza umugozi wa antenne na antenna yinjiza ya TV yakira.
  3. Huza TV kumiyoboro hanyuma uyifungure.
  4. Fungura umurongo wa digitale unyuze kuri menu ukoresheje igenamiterere.
  5. Ukurikije amabwiriza ya TV, kora umuyoboro wikora cyangwa intoki.

Igishushanyo cy’insinga:

• Iyo uhuza na set- top box :
  1. Hagarika televiziyo yakira amashanyarazi.
  2. Huza umugozi wa antenne kuri antenne yinjiza kumurongo wa sisitemu. Huza umugozi wa RCA-RCA kumuhuza kuri TV hamwe na sisitemu yo hejuru-agasanduku ukurikije amabara ya code. Niba ukoresheje umugozi wa HDMI, ubwiza bwamashusho buzatera imbere.
  3. Huza TV kumashanyarazi, uyifungure.
  4. Hitamo isoko ikenewe kugirango uhuze umugozi wawe: HDMI, AV, SCART, nibindi.
  5. Shakisha imiyoboro ya digitale muburyo bwikora cyangwa intoki ukurikije imfashanyigisho yumukoresha kubikoresho byawe.

Igishushanyo mbonera: Gushiraho imiyoboro ya digitale kurugero rwa TV ya Samsung irerekanwa muri videwo:Televiziyo ya Digitale mu Burusiya iratera imbere, umubare w’imiyoboro isakara uriyongera. Imiyoboro 20 ya tereviziyo na radiyo byerekanwa muburyo bwa digitale mubice bya mbere na kabiri. Ihuza rya gatatu multiplex izagura cyane ibishoboka byo gutangaza.