Federal State Unitary Enterprise Space Communications: nhoroondo uye budiriro tarisiro, satellite constellation

Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Communications” (GP KS), chinyorwa. Russian Satellite Communications Company (RSCC) inzvimbo yehurumende satellite yekutaurirana opareta, webhusaiti yepamutemo https://www.rscc.ru/. Chiitiko cheanopfuura makore makumi mashanu:
Iyo ine nyeredzi yakakura kwazvo ye geostationary satellite munyika – gumi nemaviri zvishandiso, pamwe ne5 pasi-yakavakirwa nzvimbo dzekukurukurirana nzvimbo dziri munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenyika. Izvi zvinobvumira iyo RSCC kupa kuvharika kwepasi rose uye kupa marudzi ese emasevhisi ekutaurirana masevhisi kwete chete kune vatengi veRussia, asiwo kumasangano anobva kune makumi mashanu nesere nyika dzekunze.

Nhoroondo yebudiriro

Nhoroondo yeFSUE “Space Communications” yakatanga muna 1957, nekutangwa kwekutanga kweSoviet satellite kupinda pasi. Muma1960, kutaurirana kwesetiraiti kwakagadzirwa zvine mutsindo muSoviet Union. Saka, muna 1965, setiraiti yeMolniya-1 yakatangwa mumhepo ine elliptical orbit, nerubatsiro rwekutepfenyura kwekuedza kwezvirongwa zveterevhizheni nezvikamu zverunhare zvakarongwa. Uye pashure pemakore maviri, nhepfenyuro 20 dzeOrbita dzakanga dzichishanda munyika, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuita kutepfenyura kweterevhizheni pachishandiswa setiraiti nguva dzose.

Mbudzi 4, 1967 – zuva rekutanga kutepfenyura terevhizheni zvachose kuburikidza nesatellite system “Orbita” – inoonekwa zuva rekuzvarwa kweRSCC. Kunyange zvazvo mutemo wepamutemo wekuumbwa kwe “Space Communications Station” wakabudiswa neSoviet Ministry of Communications gore rakatevera. Uye iyo sangano yakagamuchira chimiro chemubatanidzwa wenyika unitary bhizinesi muna Kubvumbi 2001.

Nguva dzakakosha kubva munhoroondo yeRSCC:

• 1976 – kutangwa kweyekutanga nhepfenyuro yepasirese yakananga “Ekran”;
• 1980 – sangano rekuparadzira setiraiti yeMoscow Olympics;
• 1998 – kutanga kwekushandira pamwe nemugadziri wepamba wetekinoroji yenzvimbo NPO PM uye kambani yeFrance Alcatel yekugadzira uye kupihwa kwemubhadharo wemasetelliti eiyo nyowani Express-A fomati;
• 2000 – kuvhurwa kwemasetiraiti maviri e Express-A mu orbit, kutanga kwekuvandudzwa kweRussian satellite constellation;
• 2009 – paParis International Summit paSatellite Communications, RSCC yakagamuchira chimiro cheakanakisa wedunhu satellite opareta wegore;
• 2014 – 2015 – kuvhurwa kwemasetelliti manomwe matsva eExpress-A akateedzana mu orbit, kuwedzera mune sosi yemumba satellite boka renyeredzi ne2.5 nguva;
• 2017 – WTA yaisanganisira FSUE “Space Systems” mune shanu dzepamusoro dzinokurumidza kukurumidza kufambisa teleport munyika uye muTOP-20 yeakanyanya satellite anoshanda pasirese.

Parizvino, GP KS yatove muTOP-10 makuru anoshanda pasirese. Vatungamiri vekambani iyi vanoti chinangwa chayo ndechekudada nenzvimbo mumakambani mashanu epamusoro epasi rose. Uye chinangwa ichi chinogoneka, sezvo nhasi FSUE “Space Systems” inopa masevhisi ekutaurirana masevhisi kune 58 nyika dzakasiyana dzepasi. Dhawunirodha iyo FSUE Space Systems Innovative Development Chirongwa: FSUE Space Communications Development Chirongwa

Basic ruzivo nezvekambani

Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Communications” inoshanda pahwaro hwemarezinesi ehurumende:

• Nhamba 928K – yekushandiswa kwemabasa emuchadenga;
• 181604 – yekugovera masevhisi ekutaurirana munharaunda yeRussian Federation;
• 140430 – yekugovera masevhisi ekutaurirana kune-yemhepo kutepfenyura munharaunda yeRussian Federation.

Zviya! Rondedzero yakazara yemarezinesi anoshanda esangano anogona kuwanikwa pawebhusaiti yayo yepamutemo, muchikamu che “Company” – https://www.rscc.ru/about/#documents.

Kuchengetedza kushanda kwezviteshi zvepasi uye kuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvitsva, RSCC inoitawo basa rekuvaka nekugadzira. Kuti izvi zviitike, kambani yakabatana nemasangano anozvitonga NP ProektSvyaz Telecom uye NP StroySvyaz Telecom. Aya masangano ane mvumo inodiwa yekugadzira uye basa rekuvaka guru.

Zvakakosha! Iyo yakatenderwa capital yeFSUE “Space Systems” ndeye 100,097,000 rubles.

Ihofisi yepamusoro yeGP KS iri muMoscow pakero yeNikoloyamsky per., 3a, kuvaka 1. Mukuwedzera kwairi, kambani ine matavi mashanu (ivowo nzvimbo dzekukurukurirana nzvimbo) uye nzvimbo yehutano. Kero dzavo:

• technical centre Shabolovka – Moscow, St. Shabolovka, 37 kuvaka 6;
• CKS Dubna – Moscow nharaunda, Dubna, St. Alexandrovka, 43;
• CKS Zheleznogorsk – Krasnoyarsk Territory, Zheleznogorsk, St. Krasnoyarskaya, d. 4A;
• CKS Bear Lakes – nzvimbo yeMoscow, ruwa rweSchelkovsky, musha. Bear Lakes, p / o “Bear Lakes”;
• CKS Skolkovo – Moscow nharaunda, Odintsovo dunhu, musha. Marfino, Skolkovskoe shosse, 1;
• CKS Khabarovsk – Khabarovsk Territory, Khabarovsk district, pamwe. Sergeevka, 21st km yemugwagwa mukuru weSarapul, Nha.

Zviya! Iwe unogona kutarisa nhamba dzenhare dzematavi eRSCC uye zvikamu zvesangano pane webhusaiti yayo yepamutemo, muchikamu che “Contacts” – https://www.rscc.ru/about/#contacts.

Kubva munaJune 2021, Aleksey Konstantinovich Volin anga ari CEO weFSUE Kosmicheskaya Svyaz. Asati agadzwa, akashanda muhurumende yeRussia kwemakore angangoita gumi semutevedzeri weGurukota reDhijitari Development uye Telecommunication uye Mass Media. Basa guru raVolin panguva iyi raive kufambisa kweRussia terevhizheni kutepfenyura kubva kuanalogi kuenda kudhijitari fomati.
Boka rinodzora resangano rinosanganisirawo:

• Mutevedzeri Mukuru Mukuru Wokutanga – Yuri Valentinovich Prokhorov;
• Mutevedzeri Mukuru Mukuru Wokutanga – Ganin Alexander Anatolyevich;
• Mutevedzeri Mukuru Mukuru weKuvandudza uye Kushanda kweKukurukurirana Systems – Evgeniy Buidinov;
• mutungamiriri wekushanda kweboka renyeredzi re orbital – Gruzintsev Evgeny Vladimirovich;
• mutungamiriri wenzvimbo yekutengesa Shabolovka – Yakovlev Alexander Viktorovich;
• mutungamiriri weCKS Dubna – Duka Alexander Petrovich;
• Mutungamiriri weCSK Bear Lakes – Artemyev Valery Ivanovich;
• mutungamiriri weCKS Khabarovsk – Kovalenko Viktor Vasilyevich;
• mutungamiriri weCKS Skolkovo – Krylov Alexander Mikhailovich;
• Mutungamiriri weCKS Zheleznogorsk – Muratov Rais Vasilyevich.

Vazhinji vevamiriri vevashandi vepamusoro veRSCC vane dzidzo yakasarudzika uye ruzivo rwakakura mumunda wezvekufambiswa kwemashoko nesatellite kutaurirana, mibairo yehurumende uye madhigirii ezvidzidzo. Dhawunirodha charter yeFederal State Unitary Enterprise Space Communications: Charter yeGP KS

Rondedzero yemasevhisi anopihwa neFSUE “Space Systems”

Rondedzero yeFSUE “Space Systems” masevhisi anosanganisira:

• terevhizheni yedhijitari uye kutepfenyura kweredhiyo – kutepfenyura kwemubatanidzwa uye kwakananga, kurongeka kwemafambisirwo eTV, kupihwa kwenzvimbo yetekinoroji yevatepfenyuro;
• masevhisi ekutaurirana – kupihwa kwesetiraiti sosi, kusanganisira Broadband satellite kuwana, kurenda kwesetiraiti uye terrestrial nzira dzekutaurirana, VSAT network, masevhisi ekutaurirana pazvikepe;
• kutonga uye kutonga kwema satellites ;
• sangano rekuwana Broadband Internet .

Iyo kambani satellite masimba anoibvumira kupa masevhisi kwete muRussia chete, asiwo mune dzimwe nyika dzepasi. Uye network yeVSAT yakavakwa neRSCC inovhara zvizere mvura yeArctic neAtlantic oceans, Mediterranean, North, Japan, Caspian, Baltic, Okhotsk uye makungwa ose ekuchamhembe achigeza Russia, kusanganisira Northern Sea Route.

satellite constellation

Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Systems” ndiyo ine nyeredzi yakakura kwazvo muRussia, ine mota gumi nembiri. Iwo geostationary satellites eRSCC anoshanda muC, Ku, Ka uye L mabhendi. kusvika ku140 ° E, iyo inovabvumira kuvhara nharaunda yese yeRussian Federation, pamwe nenyika dzeCIS, Middle East, Europe, Asia-Pacific dunhu, Africa, Australia neNorth uye South America.

Satellite uye yepasi chiteshi chekuvhara[/ Caption]

Ground infrastructure

FSUE “Space Systems” ine nzvimbo yakakura yevhu, iyo inosanganisira 5 nzvimbo yekutaurirana nzvimbo uye imwe satellite station. Chinhu chepakati chegadziriro iyi inzvimbo yehunyanzvi Shabolovka, inobatanidza CKS uye satellite yekutaurirana chiteshi neRussia uye kune dzimwe nyika switching centers muMoscow. Basa guru reShabolovka centre :

• kuumbwa, kurongeka, kumisikidzwa, kufomatidza uye kuchinjika kwedhijitari nzira nemakwara;
• kuchengetedzwa kwechikamu chepasi che satellite communications;
• kuchengetedzwa kwekutaurirana network yeSE CC;
• kuchengetedza uye kutonga kwekambani yega network;
• kubatana kwevashandisi kune masevhisi ekutaurirana.

CKS Dubna yakavambwa muna 1980, uye nhasi ndiyo yakakura teleport muRussian Federation uye inosanganisirwa muEuropean TOP yemakuru teleports. Akashongedzerwa ne:

• 24 transceiver pasi zviteshi zvine antenna kubva 2.4 kusvika 32 metres yekuronga nzira dzekutaurirana;
• 27 transceiver pasi zviteshi zvekudzora spacecraft uye telemetry;
• 11 zviteshi zvekuyeresa nekutarisa;
• 2 yakazvimirira fiber optic kutaurirana mitsetse ye20 Gbps;
• 4 high voltage feeders.

ZKS Zheleznogorsk inoshanda senzvimbo yakasimba yekumabvazuva kweFSUE “Space Systems” satellite constellation. Basa rake rakatanga muna 2004. Iyo MCC inodzora uye inotarisisa masetellite ari kubva pa32° kusvika 154° E. Akashongedzerwa ne:

• 10 yekuraira-yekuyera uye telemetry zviteshi zvekugamuchira telemetry, kuona nzvimbo yespacecraft uye kuvadzora;
• 7 zviteshi zvekuyeresa nekutarisa;
• 3 transceiver pasi zviteshi zvekupa kutaurirana pakati peMCCs;
• 4 chengetedzo yekugamuchira nekugamuchira-yekutumira-yekutepfenyura nhepfenyuro yesangano reterevhizheni neredhiyo kutepfenyura muSiberia neFar East;
• 5 kugamuchira uye kugamuchira-kutumira-kutumira zviteshi zvekupa masevhisi ekutaurirana kune vatengi;
• 2 fiber optic kutaurirana mitsetse;
• 2 high voltage feeders.

CKS Bear Lakes yakavambwa muna 1967. Nhasi inoita sepuratifomu yekupihwa kweterevhizheni uye kufonera masevhisi kune SE CU vatengi. Uyewo panharaunda yepakati pane nzvimbo yekumanikidzira yekuchengetedza, iyo ibasa rekuona kuti kuenderera mberi kwekutepfenyura kweterevhizheni kana chiitiko chekukundikana kwemidziyo paShabolovka.
CKS Skolkovo yakavambwa muna Zvita 2003. Basa rayo guru nderekuona kushanda kwekutengesa satellite mapuratifomu, pamwe nekugamuchirwa kwedata kubva kumasatelliti ari muarc kubva ku27 ° W. kusvika ku102°E Kuti uite izvi, iyo Center ine:

• 8 multi-barrel kugamuchira-kutumira zviteshi;
• 33 yakagadziriswa uye inodzokororwa kugamuchira antennas kubva 2.5 kusvika 6.3 mamita;
• Reserve control station ye spacecraft;
• 2 yakazvimirira fiber optic kutaurirana mitsetse.

TsKS Khabarovsk – iyo huru teleport muFar East – yakavambwa muna 2004. Mabasa ayo anosanganisira kurongeka kwematanho ekutaurirana setiraiti, tsigiro yeterevhizheni neredhiyo kutepfenyura uye VSAT network. Kuti izvi zviitike, iyo yakaoma ine makumi maviri setiraiti yekukurukurirana transceiver zviteshi zvine antenna kubva 2.4 kusvika 9 metres, pamwe nemidziyo ye telemetry, orbital bvunzo, satellite transponder load control. Satellite communication station Vladimir muna 1971, uye muna 2009 akapfuura pasi pehutongi hweGP KS. Inoshandiswa kuita mabasa anotevera:

• kupihwa kwesetiraiti yekutaurirana masevhisi muC-, Ku- uye L-bhendi;
• kupihwa kwenharembozha;
• rutsigiro rweTV neredhiyo nhepfenyuro;
• kupihwa kwenharembozha dzehurumende dzekutaurirana;
• kudzora uye telemetric kudzora kwemasatelliti eiyo Express-AM akatevedzana munzvimbo kubva 20 ° W. kusvika ku103°E

Saka, zvivakwa zvepasi zveFSUE “Space Systems”, zvakasanganiswa nekugona kweiyo satellite constellation, inobvumira kambani kupa masevhisi ekutaurirana masevhisi kwete chete kune vatengi veRussia munyika yese, asiwo kune vatengi vekunze.