Maitiro ekugadzira Kharchenko antenna yedhijitari TV nemaoko ako: kuverenga, kuungana kwebiquadrate

Ikozvino kune shanduko inoshanda yeanalog terevhizheni kutepfenyura kuenda kudhijitari. Kubva 2012, chiyero chimwe chete chekutepfenyura terevhizheni yedhijitari DVB-T2 yakagamuchirwa kuti itariswe pachena. Kuti uwane mukana wakadaro, zvinongosara chete kuwana inogamuchira-antenna, iyo iwe yaunogona kuzviita iwe pachako. Imwe yedzakanyanya kudhura sarudzo yedhijitari TV yaunogona kuunganidza nemaoko ako ndeye Kharchenko antenna.

Zvimiro uye mudziyo weKharchenko antenna

Pfungwa yekuzvigadzira yega mudziyo yakavakirwa pakuvandudzwa kweinjiniya Kharchenko. Iyo antenna yakashanda muiyo decimeter renji (DCV), yakakurumbira mukupera kwezana ramakore rapfuura. Iyi analogue yeantenna aperture yakavakirwa pane zigzag feed. Chiratidzo chinounganidzwa nerubatsiro rwe flat reflector (yakasimba kana kuti lattice chidzitiro – furemu yakagadzirwa conductive material), iyo inenge 20% yakakura kudarika vibrator. Nekuzvigadzira pachako, zvichave zvakakosha kufungisisa maitiro ejometri uye kusarudzwa kwechimwe chinhu.
Chiratidzo cheterevhizheni chinofambiswa uchishandisa masaisai ane horizontal polarization. Iyo yakareruka vhezheni yeantenna inounzwa muchimiro cheaviri akachinjika loop vibrators akabatana akabatana kune mumwe nemumwe, asi akadimburwa panzvimbo iyo yekudyisa (tambo) yakabatana. Zviyero zvakaratidzwa muchinyorwa chaKharchenko “Antenna yeDTSV renji”, uye antenna inoverengerwa zvinoenderana nemafomu akatsanangurwa nemunyori.

Zvishandiso uye zvishandiso zvekugadzira Kharchenko antenna

Zvinodiwa zvinhu:

• grill grate;
• pfapfaidza mota pendi;
• solvent kana acetone;
• drills for drills;
• coaxial terevhizheni tambo (hapana kupfuura 10 metres);
• PVC pombi XB 50 masendimita ane dhayamita 20 mm;
• simbi dowels for drywall;
• waya yemhangura ye vibrator ine dhayamita ye2 kusvika 3.5 mm;
• 2 ndiro dzakatetepa dzesimbi.

Zvishandiso zvebasa:

• soldering iron 100 W;
• screwdriver uye nozzles;
• hot glue pfuti;
• wire cutters, pliers, sando;
• penzura, tepi chiyero, banga remolar.

Iyo vibrator inogona kugadzirwa nesimbi isina-ferrous (mhangura, aluminium) uye alloys (kazhinji ndarira). Nyaya yacho inogona kunge iri mumhando yewaya, mitsetse, makona, machubhu.

Tinoita masvomhu

Pakugadzirwa kweKharchenko antenna, zvinodikanwa kuita kuverenga kwakaringana uchishandisa karukureta kana mafomula. Uchishandisa tekinoroji iyi, unogona kuverenga kuiswa kweiyo antenna kunyange nechiratidzo chisina simba – anenge 500 MHz. Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuwanda kweiyo maviri DVB-T2 TV nhepfenyuro mapaketi munharaunda yako. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa pane CETV inopindirana mepu webhusaiti. Ikoko iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga iri padyo shongwe yeTV, pamwe nenhepfenyuro iripo (imwe kana maviri chiteshi mapakeji) uye ndeapi ma frequency anoshandiswa pane izvi. Mushure mekutsvaga kukosha kweiyo frequency yemapakiti, kureba kwemativi echikwere cheyakagadzirwa antenna-receiver inoverengerwa. Dhirowa uye dhizaini yeantenna inounganidzwa pahwaro hweiyo chiratidzo chekufambisa frequency. Hertz (Hz) inoshandiswa kuiyera uye inoratidzwa nebhii F. Semuenzaniso, unogona kushandisa kuwanda kwekutepfenyura kweterevhizheni kwepakiti yekutanga neyechipiri muguta reMoscow – 546 uye 498 megahertz (MHz).

Calculator

Iko kuverenga kunoitwa maererano neformula: kumhanya kwechiedza / frequency, kureva: C / F \u003d 300/546 \u003d 0.55 m \u003d 550 mm. Saizvozvowo kune yechipiri multiplex: 300/498 = 0.6 = 600 mm. Iwo wavelength zviyero ndeye 5, 5, uye 6 dm, zvichiteerana. Kuti uvagamuchire, unoda antenna yeUHF, inonzi decimeter antenna. Mushure meizvozvo, zviri nyore kwazvo kuverenga hupamhi hwesaisai mhiri, kurongedzerwa kune anogamuchira. Iyo 1/2 yehurefu, zvichiteerana 275 uye 300 mm yekutanga neyechipiri mapakeji.

Kuve nechokwadi chekugamuchira kwemhando yepamusoro yechiratidzo chedhijitari, mupendero wega wega webiquadrate unofanirwa kunge uri hafu yehupamhi hwesaisai mudhayamita. Pakugadzira, zviri nani kushandisa aluminium core kana chubhu yemhangura. Zvakanaka, zviri nani kushandisa mhangura yemhangura (3-5 mm) – ine geometry yakagadzikana uye inokotama zvakanaka.

Kharchenko antenna kuverenga yedhijitari TV: Calculator uye nzira dzekugadzira: https://youtu.be/yeE2SRCR3yc

Antenna musangano

Kugadzirwa kweKharchenko antenna yekutepfenyura terevhizheni yedhijitari kunosanganisira zvinotevera nhanho-nhanho zviito:

1. Iyo polarization uye frequency yemafungu inotarwa. Iyo dhizaini inofanirwa kunge iri mutsara.
2. Mhangura inoshandiswa sechinhu chekugadzira biquadreceiver antenna. Zvese zvinhu zviri pamakona, chimwe chazvo chavanofanira kubata. Kune horizontal polarization, chimiro chinofanira kuiswa vertically. Ne vertical polarization, mudziyo unoiswa parutivi rwayo.
3. Waya yemhangura inoyerwa yoendeswa kureba hunodiwa (+1 cm). Mhangura kana aluminium tube (diameter 12 mm) yakakodzera. Iko kuvhara kubva mumhangura yemhangura kunocheneswa. Yakasimudzwa nesando panzvimbo yakaoma. Pakati inopimwa uye yakakombama 90 madhigirii. Kana pane vise, ipapo waya inosungirirwa uye inopindirana mavari. Bends inogadzirwa maererano neakaverengerwa zviyero.
4. Pane imwe mugumo, chidimbu chidiki chinodimburwa pakona ye45 degree kuumba muromo wakanongedza. Mugumo wechipiri wakakotama, nzira imwechete inoitwa pairi. Iwo maviri masikweya anogona kukotama zvishoma panguva imwe chete. Pamabhende epakati emukati, zvimedu zvidiki zvinogadzirwa nefaira retsono. Ipapo zvichave zvichibvira kukwevera pamwe chete aya maviri emahara magumo uye agadzirise iwo netambo yakaonda yemhangura.
5. Iwe unozoda simbi yekunyungudutsa, pamwe neyemvura rosin kana flux yekunongedza mabhende epakati. Izvi zvinoitwa kune rumwe rutivi rwetambo yemhangura.
6. Iyo coaxial cable inobviswa ne 4-5 cm. Iyo yakarukwa kana yekunze conductor inomonyoroka kuita waya imwe uye yakaputirwa kune imwe yemabhendi. Solder iyo kune waya yemhangura. Iko kuvharidzirwa kwemuitisi wemukati kunobviswa uye zvakafanana zvakaputirwa kune bend rinotevera. Soldering inofanira kuitwa zvakanyatsonaka, ichitsigira kuvhara nemapuranga, nokuti kupisa kunogona kuita kuti ibve munzira. Kutanga, iyo furemu inopisa panzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso, uye ipapo chete conductor.
7. Iyo tambo wiring inogadziriswa ne nylon tie, yakasvibiswa ne solvent. Nzvimbo dzekuvhara dzakaparadzaniswa neglue inopisa uchishandisa pfuti. Mushonga webvudzi unogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa zvikanganiso mukuumbwa kwekunamatira.
   

   Kuona, mukati makona epakati pechimiro, akafanana nemufananidzo masere, anofanira kunge ari pedyo kune mumwe nemumwe (10-12 mm), asi asingabatanidzi. Kana kukanganisa kukaitika panguva yekukotama kwecontour, kunyangwe ne1 mm, chifananidzo chinogona kukanganisa.

8. Tambo inounzwa kunzvimbo dzekusvika kubva kumativi maviri. Imwe nzira yedhayagiramu inofanira kuvharwa, nekuda kweiyi mhangura inoratidzira nhovo yakaiswa. Inosungirirwa kune cable sheath.
9. Nekugadzira iyo reflector, textolite mapuranga akaputirwa nemhangura akamboshandiswa. Iye zvino mahwendefa esimbi anoshandiswa pane izvi. Zvakare, iyo reflector inogona kugadzirwa kubva kune grill grate. Iwe unogona kushandisa kupisa kwekushisa kubva mufiriji kana rack yekuomesera yendiro. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti chimiro hachina ngura mumhepo yakashama. Reflector inofanira kuva yakakura kudarika vibrator frame.
10. Iyo furemu iri pakati pechiratidziro. Nokuda kwekutsanya kwayo, unogona kushandisa mahwendefa maviri esimbi.
11. Chiratidzo pamhepo yakakwirira inopararira pamwe chete nechepamusoro pe conductor, saka zviri nani kuvhara antenna nepende. Nzvimbo dzekuisa chisimbiso dzakazadzwa neglue inopisa kana sealant.

Iye anogamuchira anofanirwa kunge ari chinhambwe kubva kune inoratidzira, yakaverengerwa neformula: wavelength / 7. Iyo antenna inoiswa munzira yeanodzokorora.

Maitiro ekuita maverengero chaiwo uye kugadzira iyo Kharchenko antenna inoratidzwa muvhidhiyo iyi: https://youtu.be/Wf6DG2JbVcA

Connection

Imwe mugumo wetambo ine kushorwa kwe50-75 ohms inotengeswa kune antenna yakapedzwa, imwe kune plug. Zviri nani kubatanidza tambo kumusoro kwechigadziko, uye shandisa pasi sefasteners. Mufananidzo uye ruzha rwemhando yekutepfenyura yedhijitari yeTV hazvinei nekuti kufambisa kunenge kuri kure zvakadii, kusiyana nekutepfenyura kweanalogi. Nekugadzirwa kwakaringana kweantenna, kufambisa kwechiratidzo kune anogamuchira kuchaitika mune yakajairika mhando uye hapafanirwe kuve nematambudziko. Nekudaro, kana kutadza kukaitika, chiratidzo chinopera zvachose (kurira uye mufananidzo zvichanyangarika). Kusiyana neanalog terevhizheni, dhijitari mufananidzo mhando yakafanana pamatanho ese uye hapagone kuve nemusiyano.

Kuedza mukuita

Iyo antenna yakaunganidzwa inofanirwa kuongororwa. Kuti uedze TV yedhijitari, pane set-yepamusoro bhokisi mune huru menyu kana paTV, unofanirwa kumhanya otomatiki-tuning yezviteshi. Iyi nzira inongotora maminetsi mashoma. Kuti utsvage zviteshi mune yemanyorero modhi, iwe unozofanirwa kuisa frequency yavo. Kuti usatambise nguva pakutsvaga kuzere, uye zvakare kana iwe uchitova nematanho akagadziridzwa, unogona kufambisa maitiro aya. Kuti uite izvi, zviteshi zviviri zvinosarudzwa, imwe neimwe yadzo inoseta kuwanda kwechero chiteshi kubva pamapakeji akasiyana (imwe neimwe yeaya ma multiplex inoshandisa imwe frequency renji kutepfenyura ese eTV chiteshi). Kuti uedze mudziyo wakagadzirwa, zvakakwana kuti uone kunaka kwenhepfenyuro yeterevhizheni. Unhu hwakanaka hwemufananidzo hucharatidza kururamisa kwebasa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mufananidzo wemhando yepamusoro uchave kana kuwanikwa,

Kana kukanganisa kukaitika, unogona kuedza kutenderedza antenna, uchiona shanduko yemhando yemufananidzo. Paunenge uchitarisa nzvimbo yakakwana yeTV antenna, inofanira kunge yakanyatsogadziriswa, asi nguva dzose inotarisana neshongwe yeTV.

Iyo Kharchenko antenna chinhu chakasiyana-siyana uye chinoshanda chinopa kugamuchirwa kwemasaini asina simba. Chishandiso chinogona kuunganidzwa nemaoko uye kushandiswa pachinzvimbo chefekitori antenna ine amplifier. Kugadzira antenna kuri mukati mesimba remunhu wese. Zvakakwana kuti uwane zvinyorwa, ita kuverenga kwakarurama uye kunyatsotevera ruzivo rwakagamuchirwa mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa.