I yini satellite transponder, tafula ra frequency ya sweswi

Sisiteme/xivumbeko lexi vekiweke eka sathelayiti lexi tiyisisaka ku hlanganisiwa na ku
hundziseriwa nakambe ka xigingi xa sathelayiti xi vuriwa transponder. Xitirhisiwa lexi xi rhumela xikombiso ku hlamula eka lexi amukeriweke. Endlelo ro tano ri endla leswaku swi koteka ku haxa nhlayo ya ti-multiplex to hambana-hambana ku suka eka sathelayiti yihi na yihi ni ku nyika vukorhokeri byo hambana-hambana. Kuna tinxaka timbirhi ta ti satellite transponders: ti regenerative transponders na ti curved tubes.

Vafilista va tolovele ku vitana tifrekwensi ta transponder leti haxiwaka ku suka eka sathelayiti, hambileswi, entiyisweni, lexi ku nga xitirhisiwa lexi haxaka eka frequency leyi yo karhi.

Ti transponder ta tiphayiphi leti govekeke

Muxaka lowu wa transponder wu teka xikombiso xa microwave spectrum. Yi tlhela yi hlela frequency ya input signal yi va frequency ya RF ivi yi yi engetela. Xitirhisiwa xo tano xi lulamerile ku hundzisela swikombiso swa analog na swa xidijitali.

Ti- transponder leti pfuxetaka

Switirhisiwa swo tano swi tlhela swi endla mintirho hinkwayo ya transponder ya tiphayiphi leti govekeke, kambe eka xiyimo lexi ku ni ku hundzuriwa ka frequency ni ku antswisiwa ka matimba ya signal. Ku engetela eka mintirho leyi ya 2, transponder yo vuyisa yi endla frequency spectrum demodulation xikan’we na signal recovery na modulation. Transponder yi endla mintirho ya 2. Ti amukela ni ku tlhela ti hundzisela xikombiso, kasi tisisiteme ta manguva lawa ti xi basisa hilaha swi nga kotekaka hakona eka mpfumawulo lowu nga lavekiki.

Nsinya wa nawu wa matirhelo

Sathelayiti transponder i sete ya swiphemu leswi vekiweke eka sathelayiti, leswi endleriweke ku amukela ni ku hundzisela xikombiso hi ku tisungulela hi frequency yo karhi. Swi fana ni xiphemu xa sathelayiti lexi nga ni ti- antenna.

Sathelayiti yin’wana na yin’wana yi hlomisiwile hi nhlayo yo karhi ya tisathelayiti leti haxaka eka spectrum yo karhi ya frequency. Hikwalaho ka ku sunguriwa ka thekinoloji leyi ya vuhaxi, nhlayo ya tichannel ta sathelayiti eka sathelayiti yin’we yi tlakuke hi oda ya vukulu, ku suka eka xiyimo xin’we xa orbital swa koteka ku haxa kwalomu ka gidi ra tichannel. Nsinya wa nawu wa matirhelo ya satellite transponder hi lowu landzelaka – xigingi xa satellite TV, lexi kongomisiweke eka antenna ya transpoder, naswona hikokwalaho ka xivumbeko xa xona xa xivumbeko xa dish, xi humesiwa nakambe onge hi loko xi huma eka xivoni kuya eka xikongomelo xokarhi – pulati yo amukela ya mutirhisi , leyi hundziselaka xigingi eka xiamukeri, lexi xi hundzulaka xi va TV leyi hlayekaka. Swiphemu leswikulu swa transponder hi leswi:

• antenna yo amukela xigingi – xitirhisiwa lexikulu xo amukela xigingi lexi hundziseriweke;
• power amplifier – yi kurisa matimba ya xigingi lexi amukeriweke ku ya eka xiyimo lexi eneleke;
• duplexer (frequency separation filter)  – xitirhisiwa lexi endleriweke ku hlela vuhlanganisi bya xiyanimoya xa duplex hi ku tirhisa antenna yin’we leyi tolovelekeke ku amukela na ku hundzisela xigingi;
• control processor – ku hlawuriwa na ku cinca ka frequency ya signal.

Titransponder ta tichannel ta sathelayiti ku hlalela mahala ka TV ya sathelayiti hi 2021

Kuna ti satellite TV channels leti unga ti hlalelaka mahala, kuna ti channels leti pfariweke hi static BISS key. Tichanele eka ku fihla ka BISS ti pfuriwa hi ku ntshunxeka hi ku tirhisa emulator ya le ndzeni ya muamukeri. Eka swiyimo leswimbirhi, u fanele u va ni tafula ra nkarhi wa sweswi ra tifrekwensi ni ti- transponder evokweni leswaku u veka thelevhixini ya sathelayiti. Tafula ra sweswi ra ti transponder ri nyikiwile laha hansi, nhlawulo wa ku khoda, frequency na swona swa ringanyetiwa, transponder leyi pfalekeke kumbe ya mahala ya kombisiwile. Nxaxamelo wa tichanele ta sathelayiti na titransponder ta 2021 ta sathelayiti Eutelsat 36B, 36.0E:

Eutelsat 36B, 36.0E
Xihondzo	Rivilo / SR	Vito ra xitichi	BISS/ID ya xirhendzevutani	Xiyimo
11212H	14400, 3/5	2 TV (Georgia) .	– .	DVB-S2
11212H	14400, 3/5	1 TV ya HD (Georgia)** .	– .	DVB-S2
11212H	14400, 3/5	Rustavi 2. Xihlamusela-marito	– .	DVB-S2
11212H	14400, 3/5	comedi ya vuhungasi	– .	DVB-S2
11212H	14400, 3/5	TV ya le Marao	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	Mahungu ya Palette	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	TV ya POS	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	Maestro	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	Imedi TV ya HD	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	TV ya GDS	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	Vuhlekuri bya vuhungasi	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	Rustavi 2. Xihlamusela-marito	– .	DVB-S2
11230H	15000, 3/5	TV ya le Marao	– .	DVB-S2
11766 L	30000, 5/6	Infochannel ya mihlovo yinharhu ya HD	– .	DVB-S2
11785 R	27500, 3/4	Vhengele&Nkombiso	– .	DVB-S2
11843 L	27500, 3/4	Ku lavisisa ka TV Tricolor	– .	DVB-S2
11977 R	27500, 3/4	8 xiteji	– .	DVB-S2
11977 R	27500, 3/4	HSR24 (Ku Xava ka le Kaya eRhaxiya) .	– .	DVB-S2
12174L	4340, 3/4	TNV Xitatarstan	– .	– .
12226L	27500, 3/4	Info xitichi xa Tricolor	– .	– .
12226L	27500, 3/4	Telemaster Mihlovo yinharhu (Mpeg 4) .	– .	– .
12226L	27500, 3/4	Promo Mihlovo yinharhu (Mpeg 4) .	– .	– .
12265L	27500, 3/4	Ku xava hi ku kongoma (Mpeg 4) .	– .	– .
12303L	27500, 3/4	Nhlangano wa Matiko	– .	DVB-S2

Titransponder ta tichannel ta sathelayiti ku hlalela mahala eka tisathelayiti AMOS 4W, ASTRA 4.9E, HOTBIRD 13E ta 2021: https://youtu.be/Z5NOvNAG_eg

Ku lulamisiwa ka vuhaxi

A hi nge hi endle xiboho xa sathelayiti. Xikombiso, leyi i Eutelsat 36B, 36.0E. Swi fanerile ku veka satellite dish no khoma signal, ku kumisisa khwalithi ya signal.

Ndlela yo nghenisa dish ya sathelayiti na ku veka TV ya sathelayiti hi vuxokoxoko eka xihlanganisi . Kholomo yo sungula i “Frequency” – hi nga teka frequency leyi lavekaka eka tafula ra ti transponders na ti frequency. Eku sunguleni, u fanele ku twisisa leswaku frequency leyi yi katsiwile eka spectrum yihi. Hi chayela eka leyi lavekaka hi ku tirhisa remote control.
Muxaka wa polarization wu vekiwa eka kholomo yin’we (letere leri nga ekusuhi na yona). Ku yima kumbe ku rhendzeleka (“H”, “V”). Ti receiver hinkwato ta manguva lawa ti seketela kwalomu ka tinxaka hinkwato ta polarization. Kholomo ya vumbirhi i “Speed/SR”. Data yi nghenisiwile eka kholomo leyi – SR (symbol rate) na FEC (error correction). SR – ntikelo lowu wu ringana na leswaku i mpimo wihi wa xikombiso lowu muamukeri wa wena a wu seketelaka. Kambe swiamukeri swa manguva lawa swa sathelayiti swi seketela tinxaka hinkwato ta parameter leyi, naswona hikokwalaho parameter leyi yinga tluriwa. FEC– loko u tirhisa mabokisi ya manguva lawa ya sathelayiti ya set-top, parameter leyi yi nga tlhela yi tluriwa. Kholomo ya vunharhu “Vito ra Xitichi” i vito ra xitichi xa sathelayiti, lexi xigingi xa xona xi haxiwaka ku suka eka transponder yo karhi. Hi xikombiso, vito ra xitichi xa TV kumbe xiya-ni-moya, kumbe vito ra vukorhokeri bya Internet. Kholomo ya vumune i “BISS/ID”. Muxaka wa ku khoda na vukona/ku pfumaleka ka wona swi kombisiwa hi nsimu leyi.
Hi marito man’wana, loko ku ri na muxaka wo karhi wa ku khoda eka transponder, kutani vukorhokeri lebyi bya hakeriwa. Ku veka switirhisiwa swa satellite eka swilo swa manguva lawa, u fanele ku tiva mimpimo yinharhu – frequency, muxaka wa polarization, muxaka wa encoding. Xana ndzi nga ti kuma kwihi tifrekwensi ta sweswi ni ti- transponder ta tichannel ta sathelayiti? Ximanguva lawa eka nkarhi wa sweswi (exikarhi ka 2021) ehenhla na le hansi eka tsalwa, loko u lava swa sweswinyana, kutani ku na tindlela timbirhi. Ku suka eka minkandziyiso leyi kandziyisiweke ya mhaka leyi lavekaka, kumbe eka Internet. Loko ndlela yo sungula yi faneleka swinene, hi xikombiso, eka vaaki va le mugangeni, kutani swa laveka ku kambela leswaku magazini wu hlwerile hilaha swi nga kotekaka hakona, hikuva tichannel ta sathelayiti ti cinca tifrekwensi na ti transponder nkarhi na nkarhi. Eka inthanete, swi ringanerile ku chayela eka xikombelo xo tano “tafula ra titransponder ta sathelayiti”.Tafula ro dawuniloda

Titransponder ta TV ta sathelayiti leti humaka eka MTS

Tifrekwensi na titransponder ta TV ya sathelayiti ku suka eka MTS . Tifrekwensi ta tichanele ta MTS eka sathelayiti ya ABC-2:

Vito ra xitichi	RHANGERIWA	APID	VPID ya VPID	Xivumbeko	Mpfumawulo. Xiporo
11740V Rhaxiya 53 DVD-S2 8PSK SR 45000 FEC 2/3
Ekaya (+4h) .	1603. Hi lembe ra 1603	4899	4898	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xitichi xa TV xa Zvezda (+4h)	1604. Hi lembe ra 1604	4907	4906	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xiphemu xa carousel (+3h) .	1605. Hi lembe ra 1605	4915	4914	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xiphemu xa carousel (+7h) .	1606. Hi lembe ra 1606	4923. Xihlamusela-marito	4922. Xihlamusela-marito	MPEG-4	Rus.
HTB (+7h) .	1607. Hi lembe ra 1607	4931	4930	MPEG-4	Rus.
HTB (+2h) .	1608. Hi lembe ra 1608	4939	4938. Xihlamusela-marito	MPEG-4	Rus.
HTB (+4h) .	1609. Hi lembe ra 1609	4947	4946	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xitichi xo sungula(+4h)	1610. Hi lembe ra 1610	4955	4954. Xihlamusela-marito	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xitichi xo sungula(+6h)	1611	4963	4962. Xihlamusela-marito	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xitichi xo sungula(+2h)	1612. Hi lembe ra 1612	4971	4970	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xiyenge xa ​​5 (+7h) .	1614. Hi lembe ra 1614	4987	4986	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xiyenge xa ​​5 (+4h) .	1615. Hi lembe ra 1615	4995. Xihlamusela-marito	4994. Xihlamusela-marito	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ravuntlhanu! (+4h) .	1616. Hi lembe ra 1616	5003	5002	MPEG-4	Rus.
REN TV (+4h) .	1617. Hi lembe ra 1617	5011	5010	MPEG-4	Rus.
REN TV (+7h) .	1618. Hi lembe ra 1618	5019	5018	MPEG-4	Rus.
Rhaxiya 1 (+4h) .	1619. Hi lembe ra 1619	5027	5026	MPEG-4	Rus.
Rhaxiya 1 (+6h) .	1620. Hi lembe ra 1620	5035	5034	MPEG-4	Rus.
Rhaxiya 1 (+2h) .	1621. Hi lembe ra 1621	5043	5042	MPEG-4	Rus.
STS (+2h) .	1622. Hi lembe ra 1622	5051	5050	MPEG-4	Rus.
STS (+4h) .	1623. Hi lembe ra 1623	5059	5058	MPEG-4	Rus.
STS (+7h) .	1624. Hi lembe ra 1624	5067	5066	MPEG-4	Rus.
TV 3 (+3h) .	1625. Hi lembe ra 1625	5075	5074	MPEG-4	Rus.
Senthara ya TV (+4h) .	1626. Hi lembe ra 1626	5083	5082	MPEG-4	Rus.
Senthara ya TV (+7h) .	1627. Hi lembe ra 1627	5091	5090	MPEG-4	Rus.
TNT (+4h) .	1628. Hi lembe ra 1628	5099	5098	MPEG-4	Rus.
TNT (+7h) .	1629. Hi lembe ra 1629	5107	5106	MPEG-4	Rus.
TNT (+2h) ya .	1631. Hi lembe ra 1631	5123	5122	MPEG-4	Rus.
Rhaxiya K (+2h) .	1632. Hi lembe ra 1632	5131	5130	MPEG-4	Rus.
Rhaxiya K (+4h) .	1633. Hi lembe ra 1633	5139	5138	MPEG-4	Rus.
Rhaxiya K (+7h) .	1634. Hi lembe ra 1634	5147	5.46	MPEG-4	Rus.
5 Xiyenge xa ​​(+2h) .	1635. Hi lembe ra 1635	5155	5154	MPEG-4	Rus.
Senthara ya TV (+2h) .	1636. Hi lembe ra 1636	5163	5162	MPEG-4	Rus.
REN TV (+2h) .	1637. Hi lembe ra 1637	5171	5170	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ekaya (+2h) .	1638. Hi lembe ra 1638	5179	5178	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ekaya (+7h) .	1639. Hi lembe ra 1639	5187	5186	MPEG-4	Rus.
TV 3 (+2h) .	1640. Hi lembe ra 1640	5195	5194	MPEG-4	Rus.
TV 3 (+7h) .	1641	5203	5202	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xitichi xa TV xa Zvezda (+2h)	1642. Hi lembe ra 1642	5211	5210	MPEG-4	Rus.
Xitichi xa TV xa Zvezda (+7h)	1643. Hi 1643	5219	5218	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ku rhula (+2h) .	1644	5227	5226	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ku rhula (+4h) .	1645. Hi lembe ra 1645	5235	5234	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ku rhula (+7h) .	1646. Hi lembe ra 1646	5243	5242	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ravuntlhanu! (+2h) .	1647. Hi lembe ra 1647	5251	5250	MPEG-4	Rus.
Ravuntlhanu! (+7h) .	1648. Hi lembe ra 1648	5259	5258	MPEG-4	Rus.
11800 V Rhaxiya 53 DVB-S2 8PSK SR 45000 FEC 2/3
FTV	HEVS/UHD	1291	2402. Xihlamusela-marito	2403	Xinghezi
Xirhaxiya lexi hundzeletiweke	HEVS/UHD	1292. Xihlamusela-marito	2410. Xihlamusela-marito	2411 Rus, 2412 Rus AC 3. Xihlamusela-marito xa Xitsonga	Rus.
Eurosport 1. Xitsonga	HEVS/UHD	1293	2418	2419 Rus 2420 Vutshila bya Vutshila	Xirhaxiya/Xinghezi

Ku veka tichannel ta TV eka MTS TV swi nga endliwa hi ku tisungulela kumbe, loko swi laveka, leswi swi endliwa hi muxavisi hi ndlela ya manual. Eka xiyimo xo hetelela, u ta boheka ku chayela eka tifrekwensi hi wexe.

Nhlamuselo yo koma eka ku veka TV ya sathelayiti ku suka eka MTS:

• Lulamisa antenna leyi nyikiweke eka rirhangu ra muako hi ndlela ya leswaku tinhloko ti va eka angle leyi lavekaka eka transponder.
• Veka clamp leswaku plate yiva eka angle ya 30° kuya eka horizontal.
• Azimutth ya tilt ya “antenna” yifanele ku vekiwa eka vertical hi 1 °.
• Veka plate eka angle ya 137°.
• Vulavula TV ivi u kambela khwalithi ya xigingi.
• Loko khwalithi leyi lavekaka yingari kona, swa laveka ku rhendzeleka na antenna hi 1 degree naku kambela khwalithi ya signal eka goza rin’wana na rin’wana.
• Loko u kume sete ya “TV ku suka eka MTS”, kutani tichannel ta TV ti fanele ku vekiwa hi ku tisungulela.
• Loko u lava ku tune TV hi wexe, tirhisa data ya transponder leyi ringanyetiweke laha henhla.

Swiletelo swa vuxokoxoko bya ndlela yo veka satellite dish ku suka eka MTS.

Ku lulamisiwa ko sungula

Loko u nga si xava xitirhisiwa xa TV xa sathelayiti eka MTS, u fanele. Languta ku koteka ka ku nghenisa switirhisiwa. Hi xikongomelo lexi, swa koteka ku tirhisa nongonoko wa mahala wa riqingho lowu nga dawunilodiwaka eka App Store kumbe Play Market (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.esys.satfinder&hl=en&gl =US). Xitirhisiwa lexi vuriwaka “SatFinder”, endzhaku ka loko u xi nghenise eka riqingho ra wena, swi ta koteka ku kuma tisathelayiti leti kumekaka eka xifundzha lexi nyikiweke.
Xitirhisiwa lexi xi ku pfumelela ku kuma ndhawu leyi kongomeke ya tisathelayiti, naswona xi ta tlhela xi ku komba ndlela yo veka antenna hi ndlela leyinene.
Seti ya switirhisiwa swa MTS swo hlanganisa na ku sungula vuhaxi bya tichannel ta sathelayiti [/ caption] Endzhaku ka loko ku nghenisiwa ku endliwile, u fanele ku kambela leswaku a ku na nchumu lowu kavanyetaka ku amukela xigingi. Mirhi, miako na swihinga swin’wana swi ta soholota swinene xikombiso. Ku nghenisa switirhisiwa swa sathelayiti, u lava leswi landzelaka:

1. modula kumbe xiengetelo.
2. SIM khadi loko swi laveka.
3. Ndyelo.
4. Switshamo swa tipuleti.
5. Ntambhu ya .
6. Muhundzuluxi.
7. Dysec.
8. Xitirhisiwa xo veka swilo.
9. Pulagi yo hlanganisa khebulu na TV.