Federal State Unitary Enterprise Space Communications: akụkọ ihe mere eme na atụmanya mmepe, satịlaịtị kpakpando

Ụlọ ọrụ Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Communications” (GP KS), eng. Ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị Russia (RSCC) bụ onye na-ahụ maka nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị nke steeti nwere, webụsaịtị gọọmentị https://www.rscc.ru/. Ihe omume maka ihe karịrị afọ 50:
Ọ nwere nnukwu ìgwè kpakpando nke geostationary satellites na mba – 12 ngwaọrụ, yana 5 ala dabeere ohere nkwurịta okwu center dị na mpaghara dị iche iche nke mba. Nke a na-enye RSCC ohere ịnye mkpuchi zuru ụwa ọnụ ma nye ụdị ọrụ nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị ọ bụghị naanị maka ndị na-azụ ahịa Russia, kamakwa ndị otu sitere na mba 58 si mba ọzọ. [okwu id = “ihe mgbakwunye_3872” mezie = “aligncenter” obosara = “1024”]
Ụlọ ọrụ Nkwukọrịta Satellite Rọshịa[/ okwu]

Akụkọ mmepe

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke FSUE “Space Communications” malitere na 1957, na mmalite nke mbụ Soviet satịlaịtị n’ime ụwa orbit. N’afọ ndị 1960, e mepụtara nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị na Soviet Union.
Ya mere, na 1965, Molniya-1 satịlaịtị malitere n’ime oke elliptical orbit, site n’enyemaka nke a haziri mgbasa ozi nnwale nke mmemme telivishọn na nnọkọ ekwentị. Na mgbe afọ 2 gachara, ụlọ ọrụ 20 Orbita na-arụ ọrụ na mba ahụ, nke mere ka o kwe omume ịme mgbasa ozi telivishọn site na satịlaịtị mgbe niile.

Nọvemba 4, 1967 – ụbọchị mmalite nke mgbasa ozi telivishọn na-adịgide adịgide site na sistemụ satịlaịtị “Orbita” – a na-ewere ụbọchị ọmụmụ nke RSCC. Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ọrụ Soviet Ministry of Communications nyere iwu maka ịmepụta “Space Communications Station” otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị. Na nzukọ ahụ nwetara ọkwa nke ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị etiti steeti na Eprel 2001.

Oge ndị dị mkpa sitere na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke RSCC:

• 1976 – mwepụta nke satịlaịtị izizi izizi n’ụwa “Ekran”;
• 1980 – nzukọ nke satellite mgbasa ozi nke Moscow Olympic;
• 1998 – mmalite nke imekọ ihe ọnụ na anụ ụlọ emeputa nke ohere technology NPO PM na French ụlọ ọrụ Alcatel maka mmepụta na inye ụgwọ maka Satellites nke ọhụrụ Express-A format;
• 2000 – mwepụta nke satịlaịtị Express-A abụọ n’ime orbit, mmalite nke mmeghari ohuru nke kpakpando satịlaịtị Russia;
• 2009 – na Paris International Summit na Satellite Communications, RSCC nwetara ọkwa nke onye ọrụ satịlaịtị mpaghara kacha mma nke afọ;
• 2014 – 2015 – mwepụta nke satịlaịtị ọhụrụ asaa nke usoro Express-A n’ime orbit, na-abawanye na akụrụngwa nke igwe satịlaịtị ụlọ site na ugboro 2.5;
• 2017 – WTA gụnyere FSUE “Space Systems” na teleports ise kachasị na-eto ngwa ngwa n’ụwa na na TOP-20 nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ satịlaịtị kachasị n’ụwa.

Ugbu a, GP KS abanyelarị na TOP-10 ndị ọrụ kacha ukwuu n’ụwa. Ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-ekwu na ebumnuche atụmatụ ya bụ ịnya isi na ụlọ ọrụ satịlaịtị ise kachasị elu n’ụwa. Na ihe mgbaru ọsọ a bụ nnọọ iru eru, ebe ọ bụ na taa FSUE “Space Systems” bụ onye na-eweta nke satellite ọrụ nkwukọrịta maka 58 mba dị iche iche nke ụwa. Budata FSUE Space Systems Innovative Development
Programme: FSUE Space Communications Programme

Ozi bụ isi gbasara ụlọ ọrụ

Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Communications” na-arụ ọrụ na ndabere nke steeti ikike:

• Nọmba 928K – maka mmejuputa ihe omume oghere;
• 181604 – maka inye ọrụ nkwurịta okwu na ókèala nke Russian Federation;
• 140430 – maka ịnye ọrụ nkwukọrịta maka mgbasa ozi ikuku na mpaghara Russia Federation.

N’agbanyeghị! Enwere ike ịchọta ndepụta zuru oke nke akwụkwọ ikike nke nzukọ ahụ na webụsaịtị gọọmentị ya, na ngalaba “Company” – https://www.rscc.ru/about/#documents.

Iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ nke ọdụ ụgbọ ala na iwu ụlọ ọhụrụ, RSCC na-arụkwa ọrụ owuwu na nhazi. Iji mezuo nke a, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ sonyeere n’òtù ndị na-achịkwa onwe ha NP ProektSvyaz Telecom na NP StroySvyaz Telecom. Òtù ndị a nwere ikike dị mkpa maka imewe na ọrụ iwu ụlọ.

Ihe dị mkpa! Isi obodo ikike nke FSUE “Space Systems” bụ 100,097,000 rubles.

Isi ụlọ ọrụ GP KS dị na Moscow na adreesị Nikoloyamsky per., 3a, ụlọ 1. Na mgbakwunye na ya, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere alaka 5 (ha bụkwa ebe nkwurịta okwu oghere) na ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ. Adreesị ha:

• Ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ Shabolovka – Moscow, St. Shabolovka, 37 ụlọ 6;
• CKS Dubna – Moscow mpaghara, Dubna, St. Alexandrovka, 43;
• CKS Zheleznogorsk – Krasnoyarsk Territory, Zheleznogorsk, St. Krasnoyarskaya, d. 4A;
• CKS Bear Lakes – mpaghara Moscow, mpaghara Schelkovsky, obodo. Ọdọ mmiri agba agba, p / o “Bear Lakes”;
• CKS Skolkovo – Moscow mpaghara, Odintsovo district, obodo. Marfino, Skolkovskoe shosse, 1;
• CKS Khabarovsk – Khabarovsk Territory, Khabarovsk district, na. Sergeevka, 21st km nke okporo ụzọ Sarapul, Nke 7.

[okwu id = “ihe mgbakwunye_3871” mezie = “aligncenter” obosara = “1061”]
Ụlọ ọrụ nkwurịta okwu oghere FSUE[/okwu]

N’agbanyeghị! Ị nwere ike ịlele nọmba ekwentị nke alaka RSCC na nkewa nke nzukọ ahụ na webụsaịtị gọọmentị ya, na ngalaba “Contacts” – https://www.rscc.ru/about/#contacts.

Kemgbe June 2021, Aleksey Konstantinovich Volin bụ onye isi oche nke FSUE Kosmicheskaya Svyaz. Tupu nhọpụta ya, ọ jere ozi na gọọmentị Russia ihe dị ka afọ 10 dị ka osote Minister nke Digital Development na Telecommunications na Mass Media. Ọrụ bụ isi nke Volin n’oge a bụ ịnyefe mgbasa ozi telivishọn Russia site na analog gaa na usoro dijitalụ.
Otu na-achị otu a gụnyekwara:

• Onye osote onye isi oche mbụ – Yury Valentinovich Prokhorov;
• Onye isi osote onye isi oche mbụ – Ganin Alexander Anatolyevich;
• Osote onye isi nchịkwa maka mmepe na ịrụ ọrụ nke usoro nkwukọrịta – Evgeniy Buidinov;
• onye nduzi maka ọrụ nke kpakpando orbital – Gruzintsev Evgeny Vladimirovich;
• onye nduzi nke ụlọ ahịa ụlọ ahịa Shabolovka – Yakovlev Alexander Viktorovich;
• onye nduzi nke CKS Dubna – Duka Alexander Petrovich;
• Onye nduzi nke CSK Bear Lakes – Artemyev Valery Ivanovich;
• onye nduzi nke CKS Khabarovsk – Kovalenko Viktor Vasilyevich;
• onye nduzi nke CKS Skolkovo – Krylov Alexander Mikhailovich;
• Director nke CKS Zheleznogorsk – Muratov Rais Vasilyevich.

Ọtụtụ n’ime ndị nnọchiteanya nke ndị isi ọrụ nke RSCC nwere agụmakwụkwọ pụrụ iche na ahụmahụ dị ukwuu n’ihe gbasara telecommunications na satellite nkwukọrịta, onyinye gọọmentị na ogo agụmakwụkwọ. Budata akwụkwọ ikike nke Federal State Unitary Enterprise Space Communications:
Charter nke GP KS

Ndepụta ọrụ ndị FSUE “Space Systems” nyere.

Ndepụta nke ọrụ FSUE “Space Systems” gụnyere:

• telivishọn dijitalụ na mgbasa ozi redio – mgbasa ozi gọọmentị etiti na nke ziri ezi, nhazi nke ihe nkiri TV, inye usoro teknụzụ maka ndị mgbasa ozi;
• ọrụ nkwurịta okwu – inye ihe onwunwe satịlaịtị, gụnyere ịnweta satịlaịtị brọdband, ịgbazinye nke satịlaịtị na ọwa nkwukọrịta ụwa, netwọk VSAT, ọrụ nkwukọrịta na ụgbọ mmiri;
• njikwa na njikwa nke Satellites ;
• nhazi nke ịnweta ịntanetị brọdband .

Ike satịlaịtị nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-enye ya ohere ịnye ọrụ ọ bụghị naanị na Russia dum, kamakwa na mba ndị ọzọ nke ụwa. Na netwọk VSAT nke RSCC wuru n’ụzọ zuru ezu na-ekpuchi mmiri nke oke osimiri Arctic na Atlantic, Mediterranean, North, Japan, Caspian, Baltic, Okhotsk na oke osimiri nile nke na-asa Russia, gụnyere Northern Sea Route. [okwu id = “ihe mgbakwunye_3876” mezie = “aligncenter” obosara = “1011”]
Ụgbọ mmiri nzikọrịta[/nkebi]

kpakpando satịlaịtị

Ụlọ ọrụ Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Systems” nwere nnukwu kpakpando satịlaịtị na Russia, nke nwere ụgbọ ala 12. Satellites geostationary nke RSCC na-arụ ọrụ na band C, Ku, Ka na L. ruo 140 ° E, nke na-enye ha ohere ikpuchi ókèala Russia dum, yana mba nke CIS, Middle East, Europe, Asia-Pacific mpaghara, Africa, Australia na North na South America.

[okwu id = “ihe mgbakwunye_3870” mezie = “aligncenter” obosara = “980”]
Satellite na mkpuchi ọdụ ụgbọ ala[/nkebi okwu]

akụrụngwa ala

FSUE “Space Systems” nwere nnukwu akụrụngwa ala, nke gụnyere ebe nkwukọrịta oghere 5 na otu ọdụ ụgbọ elu. Ihe bụ isi nke usoro a bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkà na ụzụ Shabolovka, nke na-ejikọta CKS na ụlọ ọrụ nkwurịta okwu satịlaịtị na ụlọ ọrụ ntụgharị Russia na mba ụwa na Moscow. Isi ọrụ
nke Shabolovka center :

• nhazi, nhazi, nhazi, nhazi na ngbanwe nke ọwa dijitalụ na ụzọ;
• mmezi nke akụkụ terrestrial nke nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị;
• mmezi nke netwọk nkwurịta okwu nke SE CC;
• mmezi na nchịkwa nke netwọk nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ;
• njikọ nke ndị ọrụ na ọrụ nkwukọrịta.

CKS Dubna tọrọ ntọala na 1980, ma taa, ọ bụ teleport kasị ukwuu na Russian Federation ma tinye ya na European TOP nke nnukwu teleports. Ejiri ya:

• 24 transceiver ọdụ ụgbọ ala nwere antennas site na 2.4 ruo 32 mita maka ịhazi ọwa nkwukọrịta;
• 27 transceiver ọdụ ụgbọ ala maka njikwa ụgbọ elu na telemetry;
• 11 ebe nlele na nlekota oru;
• Ahịrị nkwurịta okwu fiber optic 2 nọọrọ onwe ya nke 20 Gbps;
• 4 nnukwu voltaji feeders.

ZKS Zheleznogorsk na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ebe siri ike nke akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke FSUE “Space Systems” satịlaịtị kpakpando. Ọrụ ya malitere na 2004. MCC na-achịkwa ma na-enyocha satịlaịtị dị na 32° ruo 154° E. Ejiri ya:

• 10 iwu-atụ na ụlọ ọrụ telemetry maka ịnata telemetry, na-ekpebi ebe ụgbọ mbara igwe na ịchịkwa ha;
• 7 ebe nleba anya na nleba anya;
• 3 transceiver ụwa ọdụ iji nye nkwurịta okwu n’etiti MCC;
• 4 na-edobe ụlọ ọrụ na-anata na ịnata ozi maka nhazi nke mgbasa ozi telivishọn na redio na Siberia na Far East;
• 5 na-anata na ịnweta-ebufe ọdụ iji nye ndị ahịa ọrụ nkwukọrịta;
• 2 eriri nkwurịta okwu fiber optic;
• 2 elu voltaji feeders.

E hiwere CKS Bear Lakes na 1967. Taa ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ikpo okwu maka ịnye ndị ahịa SE CU ọrụ telivishọn na telivishọn. Ọzọkwa na ókèala nke etiti e nwere nkwado ndabere na mpaghara mkpakọ center, nke ọrụ ya bụ iji hụ na-aga n’ihu nke telivishọn agbasa ozi n’ihe omume nke akụrụngwa ọdịda na Shabolovka.
CKS Skolkovo tọrọ ntọala na Disemba 2003. Isi ọrụ ya bụ iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nke nyiwe satịlaịtị azụmahịa, yana nnata data sitere na satịlaịtị na arc sitere na 27 ° W. ruo 102°E Iji mee nke a, center nwere:

• 8 ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-anata ọtụtụ gbọmgbọm;
• 33 edoziri na retargetable ịnata antennas site na 2.5 ruo 6.3 mita;
• Ebe nchekwa nchekwa nke ụgbọ elu;
• Ahịrị nkwurịta okwu fiber optic 2 nọọrọ onwe ya.

TsKS Khabarovsk – teleport kasị ukwuu na Far East – tọrọ ntọala na 2004. Ọrụ ya gụnyere nhazi nke ọwa nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị, nkwado maka mgbasa ozi telivishọn na redio na netwọk VSAT. Iji mezuo nke a, a na-eji ụlọ ọrụ transceiver nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị 20 nwere antennas sitere na mita 2.4 ruo 9, yana akụrụngwa maka telemetry, ule orbital, njikwa ibu transponder satịlaịtị. Satellite nkwurịta okwu ọdụ Vladimir na 1971, na na 2009 gafere n’okpuru ikike nke GP KS. Ejiri ya rụọ ọrụ ndị a:

• inye ọrụ nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị na C-, Ku- na L-bands;
• inye ozi ekwentị;
• nkwado maka ọwa mgbasa ozi TV na redio;
• inye mgbasa ozi gọọmentị mkpanaka;
• njikwa na njikwa telemetric nke satịlaịtị nke usoro Express-AM n’ọnọdụ sitere na 20 ° W. ruo 103°E

Ya mere, akụrụngwa ala nke FSUE “Space Systems”, jikọtara ya na ikike nke kpakpando satịlaịtị ya, na-enye ụlọ ọrụ ohere ịnye ọrụ nkwukọrịta satịlaịtị ọ bụghị naanị maka ndị na-azụ ahịa Russia na mba ahụ dum, kamakwa ndị ahịa mba ọzọ.