Kulephera kwa magetsi pa TV: kudzizindikiritsa, kukonza ndi kuthetsa mavuto

Chodziwika bwino cha kulephera kwa magetsi a TV ndi kusowa kwathunthu kwa chipangizocho pambuyo polumikizana ndi netiweki. Pankhaniyi, sikuti phokoso ndi chithunzi chokha sichidzakhalapo, komanso chizindikiro cha ntchito. Kukonza magetsi a TV, choyamba muyenera kupanga matenda oyenera a vutolo.

Kuwonetseredwa kwa vuto – momwe mungadziwire kuwonongeka kwa gawo la TV

Mosasamala kanthu za kulephera kwa magetsi, izo zidzakhudza ntchito ya TV. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa chinthu ichi:

• TV siyiyatsa
• chowunikira chazimitsa;
• mluzu wa pulse transformer umamveka, pamene TV siigwira ntchito, pamene chipangizo chotetezera chamagetsi chimatsegulidwa (izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kulephera kwa kuwala kwa LED).

TV ikayatsidwa nthawi zonse ndikuwonetsa zopotoka zosiyanasiyana pamawu kapena chithunzi, zosokoneza izi zimayamba chifukwa chazifukwa zina, osati chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa magetsi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pali zosiyana ndi lamulo ili pamene vuto lomwe labuka likugwirizana ndi magetsi:

• chizindikirocho chilipo, koma TV siimayamba;
• mukasindikiza batani lamphamvu pa chipangizocho, TV simayamba;
• poyamba, phokoso lokha likuwonekera, ndipo patapita kanthawi – fano;
• kuwonetsera kwabwino kwa chithunzi ndi kusewera kwa mawu kumawonekera pokhapokha kuyatsa ndi kutseka TV mobwerezabwereza;
• pali maonekedwe a mikwingwirima , phokoso lakumbuyo, chithunzi chosweka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera

Kulephera kwa magetsi mu ma TV amakono a LED ndi chimodzi mwa mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Zinthu zambiri zimatha kuwononga, koma akatswiri amazindikira zifukwa zazikulu 4:

1. Kusinthasintha kwamagetsi pa netiweki (kulandira kuchepetsedwa kwambiri kapena kuchuluka kwa voteji). Chifukwa cha kudumpha voteji nthawi zonse, sikuti ntchito ya TV ikuipiraipira, koma zigawo zamagulu zimakhalanso zosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pofuna kupewa mavuto chifukwa cha magetsi osakhazikika, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito stabilizer.
2. Dera lalifupi . Zingayambitse kutentha kwa zigawo zambiri ndi mbali za chipangizocho, kuphatikizapo magetsi.
3. Ma fuse amawombedwa . Chizindikiro choyimilira chidzanena choyamba chinthu chowotcha – sichidzawala.
4. Kuwonongeka kwa capacitor . A vuto wamba, makamaka ntchito TV kwa nthawi yaitali. Kuvala kwa capacitor kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kanthawi kochepa kusiyana ndi zinthu zakunja. Kulephera kwa chinthu ichi kumatha kuzindikirika ndi kuwunika kowonekera ndi mawonekedwe ake kutupa (bulge).

Zotsatirazi zimathandizanso kuti pakhale kuwonongeka kwa magetsi:

• kusatsata malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito;
• kuphwanya ulamuliro wa nyengo;
• disassembly wa chipangizo popanda chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso cha chipangizo.

TV salola kusintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi chinyezi. Popeza adagula m’nyengo yozizira ndikuyibweretsa m’chipinda chotentha, musayatse chipangizocho nthawi yomweyo kuti mupewe condensation mkati ndi kuwonongeka msanga kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri.

Kuti mudzikonzere zida zamtengo wapatali, muyenera kukhala ndi luso laukadaulo ndi zida zapadera. Ngati zonsezi palibe, ndi bwino kulankhulana mwamsanga msonkhano.

Diagnostics wa magetsi TV pamaso kukonza

Kuti mudziwe bwino za kulephera kwa magetsi, muyenera kuchita zinthu zingapo.

Kusintha kwa TV

Kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli kumayamba ndikuchotsa chipangizocho. Kuti muchite izi, zomangira zimachotsedwa kumbuyo kwa TV kuti zitsegule mwayi wolowera mbali yamagetsi. M’mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya TV, magetsi amapezeka m’njira zosiyanasiyana, kotero sizingatheke kuwona chinthu ichi mutachotsa chivundikirocho. Ngati muli ndi vuto lotere, ndiye kuti mwayi wopezera magetsi nthawi zambiri umatsekedwa ndi chivundikiro choteteza chopangidwa ndi chitsulo.

Mumitundu ina yapa TV, chitetezo chowonjezera chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa makamaka pamagetsi. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kudutsa magawo angapo ochotsa zomangira zomwe zimakonza gawo lomwe mukufuna.

Kudziwana ndi chipangizo chamagetsi

Kuti tichitenso zina, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa bwino momwe magawo amagetsi a TV amawonekera. Zitsanzo zonse zamakono zilibe mphamvu imodzi, koma zingapo. Iwo ali, monga lamulo, mu malo amodzi – bolodi. Bolodi ili ndi losavuta kusiyanitsa ndi ena: kuphatikiza ma capacitors ndi zigawo zina, lili ndi 3 zosintha zakuda ndi zachikasu. Magetsi a pa TV amakhala ndi zigawo izi:

1. Standby magetsi . Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusunga TV mumayendedwe oyimilira ndikudikirira malamulo otsatira. Njira iyi ikuwonetsedwa ndi chowunikira cha LED. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino, payenera kukhala voteji ya 5V, yomwe imaperekedwa ku TV ndi gawo la ntchito.
2. Inverter block . Ntchito yayikulu ndikupereka mphamvu kwa purosesa. Ngati ntchitoyi ikuphwanyidwa, mukamayesa kuyatsa TV, mudzapeza kusintha kwakanthawi kogona. Izi ndichifukwa choti purosesa, osalandira chitsimikiziro cha magwiridwe antchito kuchokera ku inverter, imayimitsa kuyambitsanso zina ndikubwerera kumayendedwe oyimilira.
3. Mtengo wa PFC . Ntchito yaikulu ya chigawo ichi ndi kukonza mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imakhala yogwira ntchito komanso yogwira ntchito. Yoyamba ndiyofunikira kuti TV igwire ntchito, panthawi imodzimodziyo imatha kuonjezera kwambiri mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu komanso kukhudza kuvala mofulumira kwa ma capacitors, omwe amakhudza kwambiri moyo wa magetsi onse. Mphamvu yogwira imagwira ntchito yothandiza, ndipo mphamvu yogwira ntchito imangotengera katundu kuchokera ku jenereta ndikubwerera ku jenereta.

Zofunika pazamagetsi: https://youtu.be/vH8Nv1pZu8k Chipangizo cha magetsi pa TV ndi zigawo zake zazikulu chikufotokozedwa muvidiyoyi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3YTt9Cb3Kk

Kusaka zolakwika

Popeza mwazolowerana ndi zigawo za chipangizocho, pitilizani kuzizindikira. Pogwiritsa ntchito tester, perekani mphamvu yamagetsi – zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala 5V. Ngati voteji ndi yochepa kuposa chizindikiro ichi kapena kulibe, vuto mwina analephera capacitors. Kuti mudziwe izi, kuyang’ana kosavuta kwa zigawozi ndikokwanira – zidzakhala convex. Zigawo zomwe zili pachiwopsezo kwambiri pamagetsi a TV zimaphatikizapo ma capacitor a fyuluta, omwe amataya katundu wawo mwadzina mwachangu kuposa ena. Pankhaniyi, chinthu chowonongeka sichikhala ndi kuwonongeka kowonekera. Kusefa kosakwanira kumabweretsa kusagwira ntchito kwa magetsi, kulephera kwa inverter, kulephera kwa mapulogalamu mu ma microcircuits pa bolodi. Ngati ma capacitor ali bwino, yang’anani fuyusi. Pachifukwa ichi, phokoso limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe lidzazindikira kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa dera lalifupi. Muyeneranso kuyesa bolodi kuchokera kumbali yakumbuyo, yomwe muyenera choyamba kuchotsa chinthucho pa chimango. Onani zopatuka zotsatirazi pa resistors:

• mdima;
• ming’alu;
• kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro;
• mipata pakati pa mayendedwe.

Zonsezi zikhoza kuyesedwa mwachiwonekere, ndiyeno ganizirani momwe mungathetsere vutoli. Ngati kuyang’ana sikukuwonetsa kanthu, yang’anani zotsutsa ndi multimeter. Kulephera kudzawonetsedwa ndi kukana zero.

Malangizo a pang’onopang’ono pokonza magetsi a TV

Mphamvu zamagetsi zamakono zamakono zili ndi, monga lamulo, dera lofanana. Kusiyana komwe kulipo kumabwera kokha kukula kwa zipangizo zamagetsi ndi mphamvu zotulutsa. Pankhani imeneyi, diagnostics ndi kukonza zimachitika molingana ndi njira yomweyo. Mawonekedwe amagetsi pa TV yakunja:

Zida zofunika ndi zipangizo

Kuti mukonze, muyenera kusungira zida ndi zida, popanda zomwe sikungatheke kuthetsa vutolo moyenera:

• soldering chitsulo ndi mphamvu chosinthika;
• solder, mowa (woyengedwa mafuta), flux;
• wochotsa solder;
• screwdrivers mu seti;
• ocheka waya (odula mbali);
• ma tweezers;
• woyesa (multimeter);
• nyali 100 Watts.

Kuyambira kukonzanso magetsi a TV, muyenera kukhala ndi chithunzi chojambula pamanja (popanda chimodzi, mutha kuchitsitsa pa intaneti patsamba lovomerezeka la wopanga).

Malangizo apang’onopang’ono pothana ndi vuto lamagetsi

Potsatira dongosolo lamavuto, mutha kuzindikira ndikukonza kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa magetsi a TV:

1. Timayang’ana chingwe chamagetsi, socket ndi / kapena chingwe chowonjezera kuti chiwonongeke.
2. Timachotsa TV ndikumasula bolodi lamagetsi.
3. Timayendera matabwa opangira magetsi, ndikuwulula ngati pali ma capacitor otupa, ziboliboli zophulika, zopinga zamoto.
4. Timayang’ana soldering, makamaka soldering ya ojambula a pulse transformer.
5. Ngati sikunali kotheka kuzindikira zinthu zowonongeka, timayesa ma fuse, ma diode, ma electrolytic transistors ndi capacitors motsatizana. Komabe, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa kuwonongeka kwa ma microcircuits owongolera mosalunjika – ngati palibe mphamvu, ndipo zinthu zonse za discrete zili bwino. M’zochita, zimachitika kuti pamene gawo la mphamvu silikugwira ntchito, fuseyi imakhalabe. Mkhalidwe woterewu ukhoza kuwonetsa vuto ndi transistor ya jenereta yothamanga kwambiri.
6. Timayang’ana, popanda kutsekemera kuchokera ku bolodi, ngati pali kupuma kwa ballast kukana, dera lalifupi la high-voltage filter capacitor, kutentha (kuwonongeka) kwa diode rectifier.
7. Titazindikira chinthu chomwe chawonongeka, timachisintha.
8. Ngati vuto likupezeka pamene TV yatenthedwa, ikhoza kuthetsedwa mwa kuziziritsa chinthu chofooka ndi thonje swab yoviikidwa mu mowa kapena acetone. Ngati sichidziwika kuti ndi gawo liti lomwe limayambitsa, vuto limatha kukwiyitsidwa potenthetsa chinthu chimodzi kapena china ndi chitsulo chosungunuka.
9. Tikuwunikanso kukonza. Timayika nyali m’malo mwa fusesi, kuyatsa TV pamaneti. Ngati nyali ikuwunikira ndikuzimitsa, chizindikirocho chiyatsidwa, raster ikuwoneka pazenera, chinthu choyamba chomwe timachita ndikuyesa voteji yoyang’ana yopingasa. Ngati ndipamwamba kwambiri, yang’anani ndikusintha ma electrolytic capacitors. Khalidwe lomweli limawonedwa pakalephera kwa ma optocoupler awiriawiri.
10. Ngati chizindikirocho chili chete pamene kuwala kukuwalira ndikutuluka, palibe raster, izi zikuwonetsa vuto poyambitsa jenereta ya pulse. Timayang’ana mulingo wamagetsi pa electrolytic capacitor ya fyuluta ya gawo lamphamvu kwambiri. Ngati ikuwonetsa zosaposa 279 volts, tikuyang’ana chomwe chimayambitsa ma diode osweka a mlatho wokonzanso kapena kutayikira kwa capacitor. Ngati palibe magetsi, timayang’ananso mabwalo amagetsi. Muyeneranso kuyesa ma diode onse a high voltage rectifier.
11. Ndi kuwala kwamphamvu kwa nyali, nthawi yomweyo tsegulani TV kuchokera pa intaneti. Timayesanso zinthu zonse zamagetsi.

Samsung UA32EH4003 TV kukonza magetsi: https://youtu.be/uGYd3hE8Zfw Momwe mungadziwire kulephera kwa magetsi pa TV sitepe ndi sitepe ndi momwe mungakonzere chipangizochi ndikufotokozedwa muvidiyoyi yophunzitsira: https://www.youtube.com/ watch Motsogozedwa ndi malangizo a tsatane-tsatane, mutha kukonza nokha. Popanda mchitidwe wokwanira komanso chidziwitso chaukadaulo, ndikwabwino kulumikizana ndi malo ogulitsira kuti mupewe mavuto akulu.