Kodi ma frequency a digito pa TV: yoyamba, yachiwiri ndi yachitatu kuchulukitsa ndi ma frequency mu 2025

M’chilimwe cha 2019, kuwulutsa kwa analogi pa TV kunasiya kugwira ntchito ku Russian Federation. Yasinthidwa ndi wailesi yakanema yamakono yapadziko lapansi ya digito . Tiyeni tiwone momwe makina omvera ndi makanema amachitidwe amagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowonera makanema angapo ngakhale m’malo osafikirika kwambiri mdziko muno, lingalirani zomwe ma frequency a TV a digito ndi momwe mungawakhazikitsire.

Channel Multiplexing

Ma multiplex nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mawayilesi a kanema ndi wailesi ophatikizidwa kukhala chipika chimodzi cha digito. Ma TV ndi mawayilesi awa amasakanizidwa (ochuluka) ndikufalitsidwa kudzera panjira yapadera yoyendera. Pa chipangizo cholandira ( digito set-top box , chochunira cha digito chomangidwa mu TV), amasiyanitsidwa (demultiplexed).
Pankhani ya kanema wawayilesi wapa digito, kufalitsa kumachitika pafupipafupi kamodzi. Phukusili lingaphatikizepo mayendedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mtundu (SD, HD, 3D). Amapangidwa ndi magwero osiyanasiyana (makampani a TV ndi wailesi, ogwira ntchito, othandizira, ndi zina zotero), pamene mitsinje yowulutsa, ma subtitles, teletext, kalozera wa TV, ndi zina zotero zimafalitsidwa.

Maulendo apakanema a digito ku Moscow ndi zigawo za Russia

Mitsinje iwiri yowonjezereka ikugwira ntchito kale m’gawo la Russian Federation, multiplex yachitatu ikukonzekera kukhazikitsidwa. Phukusi lililonse limapatsidwa ma frequency angapo mumtundu wa mafunde a decimeter. Tekinolojeyi imathetsa kuphatikizika kwa mitsinje yosiyanasiyana ya mafunde oyandikana nawo kuti apewe kukopana. Ubwino wa kuwulutsa kwa DTV umakhalabe wapamwamba kwambiri, mosasamala kanthu za zinthu monga:

• Dzuwa Ntchito;
• mvula ndi nyengo zina;
• kutentha;
• chinyezi;
• nthawi ya tsiku ndi chaka.

Maulendo apakanema a digito akuphatikizidwa mu multiplex yoyamba (RTRS-1)

Phukusi lovomerezeka ndi zonse-Russian, pagulu, wailesi yakanema ndi wailesi. Zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zipatse anthu zambiri zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu zidavomerezedwa ndi Purezidenti wa Russian Federation m’chilimwe cha 2009. Malinga ndi dongosolo laukadaulo, block yoyamba ili ndi magawo awa:

• kufala ikuchitika pa mafunde decimeter 470-862 MHz;
• kuwulutsa muyezo – DVB-T2;
• palibe kubisa;
• mawonekedwe owulutsa – SDTV.

Kutengera ndi komwe kuli dera, kuchulukitsa koyamba kumatha kuwulutsidwa pamtundu womwe uli pamwambapa. Mwachitsanzo, mu Moscow ndi dera Moscow – 546 MHz.

Mndandanda wamakanema a phukusi loyamba la digito:

• Choyamba;
• Russia;
• Kufanana;
• NTV;
• chikhalidwe;
• Channel 5;
• Russia 24;
• Carousel;
• OTR;
• TVC.

Digital TV ku Moscow – ma frequency a mayendedwe 50: https://youtu.be/tmxAS7znLjA

Kuchulukitsa kwachiwiri (RTRS-2)

Chotchinga chokhala ndi zida zonse zaku Russia komanso pawailesi yakanema ndi wailesi, kugawa komwe kwaulere kumadalira wogwiritsa ntchito. Makanema a phukusi lachiwiri atha kuperekedwa, kuphatikiza pa kulembetsa kolipira.

Phukusi lachiwiri la digito lili ndi luso lofanana ndi multiplex yoyamba. M’chigawo cha Moscow, mwachitsanzo, imawulutsidwa pafunde ndi pafupipafupi 498 MHz.

Mndandanda wamakanema ovomerezedwa ndi Roskomnadzor:

• Palinso TV;
• Kupulumutsidwa;
• STS;
• Kunyumba;
• TV-3;
• Mtendere;
• Lachisanu;
• Nyenyezi;
• TNT;
• Muz TV.

TV yaulere ya digito, yatsani kuchulukitsa kwachiwiri: https://youtu.be/dvuCpScsId8

Kuchulukitsa kachitatu (RTRS-3)

Kukhazikitsidwa kudalengezedwa mu 2020. M’madera ena, mndandandawu wavomerezedwa kale, koma m’dziko lonselo ndi RTRS-3 pali zosadziwika zambiri, mwachitsanzo, ndi njira ziti ndi makampani omwe adzaphatikizidwemo, kaya onse adzalipidwa kapena zinthu zina zidzaperekedwa. kugawidwa kwaulere, ma frequency operekedwa kuti atumize, ndi zina zotero.

• Dziko langa;
• Zojambulajambula;
• Russian wogulitsa;
• Dziko;
• Sundress;
• The trust;
• Bwalo lachisangalalo;
• Sayansi;
• Disney;
• TV yakukhitchini.

https://youtu.be/PAUCVor-SUw

DVB-T2 digito njira pafupipafupi

Pa gawo la Russia, padziko lapansi digito digito ukugwira ntchito pa njira 21 – 69, mu opareshoni pafupipafupi gulu kuchokera 470 kuti 862 MHz. M’lifupi mwake ndi 8 MHz ndipo mongoyerekeza, yomalizayo imakhala ndi ma 48 kapena ma multiplex ofanana.

Maulendo a kanema wawayilesi amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera dera komanso kuchuluka kwa nsanja mdera linalake. Mwachitsanzo, m’chigawo cha Tula, awa ndi malo 24 opatsirana omwe akuphimba pafupifupi 100% ya gawoli ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma frequency osiyanasiyana.

Kukhazikitsa TV kapena digito seti-pamwamba bokosi pa mtsinje winawake kumachitika molingana ndi mapu a DTV Kuphunzira dera m’dera lanu. Izi zimachitika polowetsa ma frequency oyenerera kapena njira mukusaka.
Kodi wailesi yakanema ya digito imawulutsa pafupipafupi bwanji:

Dziwani ma frequency amakanema owonera kanema wawayilesi wa digito mdera lanu, kuwulutsa ndi thandizo la ma multiplex pa rtrs.ru resource . Mukapita kutsambali, mudzasamutsidwa kudera lanu. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kanema wawayilesi wapadziko lapansi m’dera lanu zimapezekanso pano.

Kugwirizana ndi kukhazikitsa

Kulumikiza ndi kukhazikitsa wailesi yakanema ya digito sikufuna chidziwitso chapadera ndi luso. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito TV yamakono, mwina ili kale ndi chochunira cha digito, koma ngati TV yanu ndi yachikale, muyenera kugula bokosi lapamwamba la DVB-T2. Kuphatikiza pa njira iliyonse yolumikizira, mlongoti womwe ukugwira ntchito mumtundu wa UHF umafunika.

Kulumikiza TV ndi chochunira chomangidwira

Mitundu yambiri yama TV amakono ili kale ndi cholandirira cha digito cha DVB-T2. Mutha kudziwa zenizeni za izi kuchokera mu bukhu la ogwiritsa ntchito pa TV yanu. Kulumikiza TV ndi chochunira chomangidwira kumakhala ndi izi:

1. Lumikizani pulagi ya mlongoti ku soketi yoyenera pa gulu la TV. Ngati n’kotheka, ikani mlongoti pafupi ndi zenera momwe mungathere, ndikutembenuzira mbali ya nsanja yotumizira.
2. Soketi ya mlongoti imatchedwa RF IN. Tsopano mutha kuyatsa TV ndikuyimba njira zama digito.

Kukonza pamanja matchanelo a digito: https://youtu.be/BAtDLqBGlOk

Kulumikiza bokosi lapamwamba la digito ku TV popanda chochunira

Mu zolandila akanema akale, palibe gawo lophatikizika la digito la DVB-T2. Pazifukwa izi, mufunika bokosi lakunja lapamwamba la digito . Pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya zida zamtunduwu, zodziwika kwambiri ndi izi:

• D-mtundu;
• Lumax;
• iconbit.

Mtengo wa bokosi lokhazikitsira pamwamba umasiyana kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 5,000 rubles, kutengera kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa ntchito zina momwemo. Kuti mulumikizane ndi TV yakale, wolandila aliyense wa DVB-T2 wokhala ndi RCA linanena bungwe (“tulips”) ndi oyenera.

Malangizo olumikizirana:

1. Lumikizani zotuluka pabokosi lapamwamba la digito ndi kuyika kwa TV ndi chingwe cha RCA. Lumikizani pulagi ya mlongoti ku soketi yoyenera pagawo la wolandila DVB-T2. Ngati ndi kotheka, yikani mlongoti pafupi ndi zenera ndikutembenuzira komwe kuli pakati pa kanema wawayilesi.
2. Chojambulira cha mlongoti pabokosi lapamwamba chimatchedwa RF IN, ndipo zolumikizira za RCA pa wolandila ndi TV zimatchedwa Video ndi Audio. Kulumikizana kumachitika mosamalitsa molingana ndi mtundu wa zolumikizira, komabe, pankhani ya mayendedwe amawu, kusungidwa kwake sikofunikira kwambiri. Tsopano mutha kuyatsa zida ndikupitilira kasinthidwe ake.

Kupanga kwa Hardware

Kukhazikitsa kanema wawayilesi wa digito kumatsikira makamaka pakufufuza ndikusintha mayendedwe. Onse mu bokosi lokhazikitsira komanso pa TV yokhala ndi gawo lophatikizika la DVB-T2, izi ndizosavuta kuchita pazokha. Kukhazikitsa malangizo:

1. Pitani ku menyu ya TV kapena digito set-top box. Momwe mungachitire izi ziyenera kuwonetsedwa m’mabuku ogwiritsira ntchito zida zanu. Pitani ku tabu ya “TV” ndikuyambitsa kusaka kodziwikiratu.
2. Sankhani “DTV” kapena “ATV ndi DTV” kutengera chitsanzo cha anu seti-pamwamba bokosi kapena TV. Ntchito yosanthula ndi kukhazikitsa ma tchanelo idzayamba.

TV yapadziko lapansi ya analogi ndi chinthu chakale. Pa gawo la Russia, ma multiplex awiri a digito okhala ndi ma TV 20 ndi mawayilesi atatu akugwira ntchito kale, akuwulutsa pafupipafupi 470-820 MHz. Iwo akhoza kulandiridwa pa TV iliyonse ndi anamanga-mkati kapena kunja DVB-T2 gawo.