Kunanirwa gutanga amashanyarazi kuri TV: kwimenyekanisha, gusana no gukemura ibibazo

Ikintu cyihariye cyo kunanirwa kw’amashanyarazi ya TV ni ukubura imikorere yimikorere nyuma yo guhuza umuyoboro. Muri iki kibazo, ntabwo amajwi gusa nishusho bizaba bidahari, ariko nibipimo byerekana ibikorwa. Kugirango usane amashanyarazi ya TV, ugomba kubanza gusuzuma neza ubushobozi bwikibazo.

Kugaragaza imikorere idahwitse – uburyo bwo kumenya gusenyuka kwa TV

Ibyo aribyo byose kunanirwa gutanga amashanyarazi, rwose bizagira ingaruka kumikorere ya TV. Ibimenyetso bikurikira byerekana ibyangiritse kuri iki kintu:

• Televiziyo ntishobora gufungura
• itara ryerekana;
• ifirimbi ya transformateur ya pulse yumvikana, mugihe TV idakora, kuko igikoresho cyo gukingira amashanyarazi gikora (ibi birashobora kandi kuba ikimenyetso cyo kunanirwa kwamatara ya LED).

Iyo TV ifunguye mubisanzwe hamwe no kwerekana gutandukana gutandukanye mumajwi cyangwa amashusho, izo mvururu zishobora kuba zatewe nizindi mpamvu, kandi ntiziterwa no guhagarika amashanyarazi. Muri icyo gihe, hari bimwe bidasanzwe kuri iri tegeko mugihe ikibazo cyavutse hari aho kijyanye no gutanga amashanyarazi:

• icyerekezo kiriho, ariko TV ntabwo itangira;
• iyo ukanze buto yingufu kubikoresho ubwabyo, TV ntabwo itangira;
• ubanza, amajwi gusa aragaragara, kandi nyuma yigihe gito – ishusho;
• kwerekana bisanzwe ishusho no gukina amajwi bigaragara gusa nyuma yo gufungura no kuzimya TV;
• hari isura yimirongo , amajwi yinyuma, ishusho yamenetse.

Impamvu nyamukuru zitera gutsindwa

Kunanirwa kw’amashanyarazi muri tereviziyo ya LED igezweho ni kimwe mu bibazo bikunze kugaragara. Impamvu nyinshi zishobora guteza ibyangiritse, ariko abahanga bagaragaza impamvu 4 zingenzi:

1. Imihindagurikire ya voltage murusobe (kwakira ibicuruzwa byagabanutse cyane cyangwa byongerewe ingufu za voltage). Nkigisubizo cyo guhora usimbuka voltage, ntabwo imikorere ya TV yiyongera gusa, ahubwo ibice bigize ibice nabyo ntibikoreshwa. Kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo bitewe na voltage idahindagurika, birasabwa gukoresha stabilisateur.
2. Inzira ngufi . Irashobora gutuma umuntu acana ibice byinshi nibice byigikoresho, harimo amashanyarazi.
3. Imiyoboro ya fuse yavuzwe . Ibipimo byerekana bizabanza gutanga raporo yatwitse – ntabwo bizaka.
4. Kwangiza ubushobozi . Ikibazo rusange, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje TV igihe kirekire. Imyambarire ya capacitori iterwa cyane nigihe gito kuruta ibintu byo hanze. Kunanirwa kwiki kintu birashobora kumenyekana mugupima neza kubiranga kubyimba (bulge).

Ibikurikira nabyo bigira uruhare mu kugaragara kw’imikorere mibi y’amashanyarazi:

• kutubahiriza ibyifuzo byo gukora;
• kurenga ku butegetsi bw’ikirere;
• gusenya igikoresho nta burambe n’ubumenyi bw’igikoresho.

Televiziyo ntishobora kwihanganira impinduka zitunguranye zubushyuhe nubushuhe. Umaze kuyigura mu gihe cy’itumba ukayizana mucyumba gishyushye, ntugahite ufungura igikoresho kugirango wirinde kwiyegeranya imbere no kwangirika hakiri kare kubintu byingenzi.

Kugirango wikore-gusana ibikoresho bihenze, ugomba kuba ufite ubumenyi bwibanze bwa tekiniki nibikoresho byihariye. Niba ibi byose bidahari, nibyiza guhita ubariza amahugurwa.

Gusuzuma amashanyarazi ya TV mbere yo gusanwa

Kugirango ukore isuzuma ryubushobozi bwo gutanga amashanyarazi, ugomba gukora ibikorwa byinshi.

Gusenya TV

Kumenya icyateye ikibazo gitangirana no gusenya igikoresho. Kugirango ukore ibi, imigozi idakuwe inyuma ya TV kugirango ifungure kugera kuruhande rwimbaraga. Muri moderi zitandukanye za TV, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi biri muburyo butandukanye, ntabwo rero buri gihe bishoboka guhita ubona iki kintu nyuma yo gukuraho igifuniko. Niba ufite ikibazo nkicyo, noneho kubona amashanyarazi birashoboka cyane ko byafunzwe nigifuniko gikingira gikozwe mubyuma.

Muri moderi zimwe za TV, uburinzi bwinyongera burashobora gushyirwaho byumwihariko kubitanga amashanyarazi. Kuri iyi ngingo, ugomba kunyura mubyiciro byinshi byo gukuramo imigozi ikosora igice wifuza.

Kumenyera ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi

Kugirango ukore ibindi bikorwa, birakenewe kumva neza uburyo ibice bigize amashanyarazi ya TV bisa. Moderi zose zigezweho ntabwo zifite amashanyarazi imwe, ariko menshi. Biri, nkuko bisanzwe, ahantu hamwe – ikibaho. Iki kibaho kiroroshye gutandukanya nabandi: usibye ubushobozi bwa capacitori nibindi bice, birimo impinduka 3 z’umukara n’umuhondo. Amashanyarazi ya TV agizwe nibice bikurikira:

1. Amashanyarazi ahagarara . Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru nugukomeza TV muburyo bwo gutegereza no gutegereza amategeko akurikira. Ubu buryo bwerekanwa nicyerekezo cya LED. Kubikorwa bisanzwe, hagomba kubaho voltage ya 5V, itangwa rya TV ritangwa ninshingano.
2. Inverter . Igikorwa nyamukuru nugutanga imbaraga kubitunganya. Niba iyi mikorere yarenze, mugihe ugerageje gufungura TV, uzahita uhinduka muburyo bwo gusinzira. Ibi biterwa nuko utunganya, atabonye icyemezo cyimikorere kuva muri inverter, ahagarika ibikorwa byibindi bikorwa hanyuma agasubira muburyo bwo guhagarara.
3. Guhagarika PFC . Igikorwa nyamukuru cyiki gice ni ugukosora ibintu byingufu, bikora kandi bikora. Iya mbere irakenewe kugirango TV ikore, icyarimwe irashobora kongera cyane gukoresha amashanyarazi kandi ikagira ingaruka kumyambarire yihuse ya capacator, bigira ingaruka mbi mubuzima bwamashanyarazi muri rusange. Imbaraga zifatika zikora igikorwa cyingirakamaro, kandi imbaraga zidasanzwe zihererekanya gusa umutwaro uva kuri generator hanyuma ugasubira kuri generator.

Icyangombwa kubijyanye no gutanga amashanyarazi: https://youtu.be/vH8Nv1pZu8k Igikoresho cyo gutanga amashanyarazi ya TV nibice byingenzi byasobanuwe muriyi videwo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3YTt9Cb3Kk

Gukemura ibibazo

Umaze kumenyera ibice bigize igikoresho, komeza kwisuzumisha. Ukoresheje ikizamini, hamagara ibisohoka mumashanyarazi ahagarara – ibisubizo bigomba kuba 5V. Niba voltage iri munsi yiki kimenyetso cyangwa idahari rwose, ikibazo kirashoboka ko cyananiranye. Kugirango umenye ibi, igenzura ryoroshye ryibi bice rirahagije – bizaba ari convex. Ibice byoroshye kwibikoresho bya TV bitanga amashanyarazi birimo filteri, zitakaza imitungo yizina ryihuse kurusha izindi. Muri iki kibazo, ibintu byangiritse ntabwo buri gihe byangiritse bigaragara. Gushungura nabi biganisha ku kudashobora gutanga amashanyarazi, kunanirwa kwa inverter, kunanirwa kwa software muri microcircuits ku kibaho. Niba ubushobozi bwaba bwiza, reba fuse. Kubwiyi ntego, impeta irakoreshwa, izerekana ahari cyangwa idahari yumuzingi muto. Ugomba kandi kugerageza ikibaho uhereye kuruhande rwinyuma, kubyo ugomba kubanza kuvanaho ikintu kumurongo. Reba gutandukana gutandukanye kubarwanya:

• umwijima;
• ibice;
• kugurisha nabi imyanzuro;
• icyuho kiri hagati yinzira.

Ibi byose birashobora kugeragezwa muburyo bugaragara, hanyuma ugahitamo uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo. Niba ubugenzuzi ntacyo bwerekana, reba abarwanya hamwe na multimeter. Kunanirwa bizerekanwa no kurwanya zeru.

Intambwe ku yindi amabwiriza yo gusana amashanyarazi ya TV

Amashanyarazi ya TV agezweho afite, nkuko bisanzwe, umuzenguruko usanzwe. Itandukaniro ririho rimanuka gusa mubunini bwibikoresho bya elegitoronike nimbaraga zisohoka. Ni muri urwo rwego, gusuzuma no gusana bibaho ukurikije uburyo bumwe. Inzira isanzwe itanga amashanyarazi ya TV yo hanze:

Ibikoresho bya ngombwa

Kubisana, ugomba guhunika ibikoresho nibikoresho, bitabaye ibyo ntibizashoboka gukuraho imikorere mibi neza:

• kugurisha ibyuma n’imbaraga zishobora guhinduka;
• ugurisha, inzoga (lisansi itunganijwe), flux;
• gukuramo ibicuruzwa;
• amashanyarazi mu iseti;
• gukata insinga (gukata uruhande);
• tewers;
• ibizamini (multimeter);
• itara watt 100.

Gutangira gusana amashanyarazi ya TV, ugomba kuba ufite igishushanyo mbonera cyikitegererezo kiri ku ntoki (mugihe udahari, urashobora kugikuramo kuri interineti kurubuga rwemewe rwuwabikoze).

Intambwe ku ntambwe amabwiriza yo gukemura ibibazo by’amashanyarazi

Ukurikije urukurikirane rwa gahunda yo gukemura ibibazo, urashobora gutahura no gusana ibyangiritse cyane kumashanyarazi ya TV:

1. Turagenzura umugozi wamashanyarazi, sock na / cyangwa umugozi wagutse kugirango wangiritse.
2. Dusenya TV hanyuma turekura ikibaho cya elegitoroniki.
3. Turagenzura imbaho ​​zitanga amashanyarazi, tugaragaza niba hari capacator zabyimbye, imanza ziturika, résistants zishye.
4. Tugenzura kugurisha, cyane cyane kugurisha kwa contact za pulse transformateur.
5. Niba bidashoboka kumenya neza ibintu byangiritse, turagerageza dukurikirana fus, diode, transistors ya electrolytike na capacator. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, birashoboka gushiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura microcircuits igenzura gusa mu buryo butaziguye – mugihe nta mbaraga, kandi ibintu byose byihariye biri murutonde rwiza. Mu myitozo, bibaho ko iyo module module idakora, fuse ikomeza kuba ntamakemwa. Ibihe nkibi birashobora kwerekana ikibazo na transistor ya generator yumuriro mwinshi.
6. Turagenzura, tutagurishije ku kibaho, niba hari icyuho cyo kurwanya ballast, umuzenguruko muto wa capacitori ya voltage nini cyane, gutwika (gusenyuka) ya diode ikosora.
7. Tumaze kumenya ibintu byangiritse, turabisimbuza.
8. Niba hamenyekanye imikorere idahwitse iyo TV ishyushye, irashobora gukurwaho no gukonjesha ibintu bifite inenge hamwe na pamba yometse muri alcool cyangwa acetone. Niba bitazwi igice cyihariye kibitera, imikorere mibi irashobora guterwa no gushyushya ikintu kimwe cyangwa ikindi kintu hamwe nicyuma.
9. Turimo gusuzuma ibyasanwe. Dushiraho itara mu mwanya wa fuse, fungura TV murusobe. Niba itara ryaka kandi rikazima, icyerekezo kiri kuri, raster igaragara kuri ecran, ikintu cya mbere dukora nukupima horizontal scanning voltage. Niba ari hejuru cyane, genzura kandi usimbuze ubushobozi bwa electrolytike. Imyitwarire imwe igaragara mugihe habaye kunanirwa kwa optocoupler.
10. Niba icyerekezo cyicecekeye mugihe urumuri rwaka kandi ruzimye, nta raster, ibi byerekana ikibazo cyo gutangira generator. Turagenzura urwego rwa voltage kuri capacitori ya electrolytike ya filteri yikigice kinini cya voltage. Niba yerekana bitarenze 279 volt, turimo gushakisha icyabiteye muri diode yamenetse yikiraro gikosora cyangwa capacitor yamenetse. Niba nta voltage namba, twongeye kugenzura amashanyarazi. Ugomba kandi kugerageza diode zose za voltage ikosora.
11. Ukoresheje urumuri rukomeye rw’itara, hita uhagarika TV kuri neti. Twongeye kugerageza ibintu byose bya elegitoroniki.

Samsung UA32EH4003 gusana amashanyarazi ya TV: https://youtu.be/uGYd3hE8Zfw Nigute ushobora gusuzuma ikibazo cyo kunanirwa kw’itangwa rya tereviziyo intambwe ku yindi n’uburyo bwo gusana iki gikoresho cyasobanuwe muri iyi videwo y’amahugurwa: https://www.youtube.com/ reba? v = daXMYuZ1CXg Gusana guhinduranya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi kuri TV: https://youtu.be/yru9PNAKAkE Kunanirwa kw’amashanyarazi nikimwe mubitera kunanirwa na TV. Kuyoborwa nintambwe ku ntambwe, urashobora gukora wenyine. Mugihe habuze imyitozo ihagije nubumenyi bwa theoretical, nibyiza guhita witabaza iduka kugirango wirinde ibibazo bikomeye.