Ummkeli kamabonakude weDijithali – yintoni na, indlela yokukhetha kunye nokuqwalasela

Ukusukela phakathi ku-2019, usasazo lukamabonwakude eRussia lutshintshele kwifomathi yedijithali. Ngoku, ukuze babukele iinkqubo zabo ezizithandayo zeTV, abasebenzisi kufuneka badibanise izixhobo ezongezelelweyo kwiTV – i-digital receiver. Makhe sibone ukuba luhlobo luni lwesixhobo, yintoni imisebenzi enayo, kunye nendlela umthengi anokukhetha ngayo imodeli yomamkeli emfaneleyo ngokusebenza, umgangatho kunye nexabiso.

Yintoni umamkeli weTV yedijithali

Umamkeli (okanye i-set-top box) sisixhobo esifumana isignali yedijithali, siyiguqulele kwifomathi eqondakalayo kwiTV kwaye ibonise umfanekiso kwiscreen seTV, kunye nesandi kwizithethi eziqhagamshelwe kuyo. Ngayo, unokubukela iTV yedijithali yeefomathi ezahlukeneyo – intambo , isathelayithi okanye esemhlabeni .. Kukho iibhokisi ezisezantsi ezinokusebenza kunye neentlobo ezininzi zeempawu. Unokukhetha njani umamkeli wesathelayithi, omawujonge ntoni: https://youtu.be/hNLHLOA0-Ks Oku akusoloko sisixhobo sangaphandle. Uninzi lweeTV, ngakumbi iimodeli zanamhlanje ezikhutshwe emva ko-2012, zinomntu owamkelayo osele wakhiwe kwimeko. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi ziimodeli ezilula ezikuvumela ukuba ubukele amajelo angama-20 osasazo lwefomathi yomanyano. Kodwa kukwakho noomabonakude abanentambo eyakhelweyo kunye nezamkeli zesathelayithi.

Kunjalo nje! Unokufumanisa ukuba isethi yeTV ine-receiver eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi evela kwimiyalelo yokusebenza kwayo okanye inkcazo yeempawu kwivenkile ye-intanethi. Ukuba amaxwebhu aqulethe icandelo “Inkxaso yesignali yeDijithali” okanye isifinyezo se-DVB-T2, ngoko iTV iya kukwazi ukufumana iziteshi zomoya ngaphandle kokudibanisa izixhobo ezongezelelweyo.

Umsebenzi owongezelelweyo wabamkeli

Ulwamkelo lomqondiso kunye nokuguqula iikhowudi yimisebenzi ephambili yomamkeli kamabonakude. Kodwa, ukongeza kubo, iimodeli zale mihla zezi zixhobo zixhotyiswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezongezelelweyo ezongeza lula ukusebenzisa iTV yedijithali:

1. Ulawulo lomoya . Ikuvumela ukuba umise usasazo, kwaye emva kwexesha uqhubeke ukubukela ukusuka apho ubuyeke khona.
2. Usasazo olubazisekileyo . Yenza kube lula ukucwangcisa inkqubo yokurekhoda kwenkqubo yeTV efunekayo kwimemori yebhokisi yokusetha phezulu ukuze uyibukele kamva. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukurekhoda kwenziwa ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi kwaye akufuni ukuvula iTV. Kufuneka nje ukunika isixhobo umyalelo kwangaphambili, kwaye iya kuqala ukubhala usasazo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokwalo.
3. Teletext . Inika umsebenzisi ukufikelela kwisikhokelo senkqubo esisebenzisanayo.
4. Imibhalo engezantsi kunye nokhetho lolwimi losasazo . Ikuvumela ukuba ubukele amajelo angaphandle ngeenguqulelo ngaxeshanye kwisicatshulwa okanye kwifomathi yesandi. Iikhonsoli zanamhlanje zixhasa imibhalo engezantsi ngeelwimi ezininzi.
5. Imodyuli yeWi-Fi . Ikuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise ukujonga iziteshi zedijithali kungekuphela nje kwiTV, kodwa nakwiilaptops zasekhaya, iikhompyuter kunye neetafile.
6. I-RF-OUT . Abafumanayo abongezelelweyo kwesi siqhagamshelo banika abasebenzisi ithuba lokujonga kuphela idijithali , kodwa kunye neendlela ze-analog (ukuba zikhona). Kwiindawo ezininzi, iinkampani zeTV zasekhaya zisaqhubeka nokusasaza ngefomathi ye-analogue.
7. Ukufikelela kwi- Intanethi . Ngolu khetho, umsebenzisi uya kukwazi ukufikelela kwiintanethi zentlalo, iiwebhusayithi zee-cinema ze-intanethi kunye neenkonzo zevidiyo, ukudlala imidlalo ye-intanethi, njl.

Kubalulekile! Ngabamkeli bakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukusebenza okongeziweyo kudla ngokuba kuncinci. Iimodeli zangaphandle kuphela zinokuqhayisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezongezelelweyo.

Uninzi lwabantu baseRussia bafumana iinkonzo zeTV zedijithali ngomboneleli. Oku kwenza ukuba, ukongeza kwiitshaneli zasimahla zefomathi ye-federal, ukujonga amajelo ahlawulweyo eenkampani ezahlukeneyo zikamabonwakude zaseRashiya nakwamanye amazwe. Ababoneleli, njengomthetho, banikezela abasebenzisi ngabamkeli babo abaxhotyiswe nge-encryption yesignali kunye neenkqubo zokugunyazwa kwababhalisi. Izixhobo zabaqhubi abahlukeneyo azihambelani kunye, oko kukuthi, umzekelo, ukubukela iziteshi ze-Tricolor-TV nge-prefix ye-Rostelecom ayiyi kusebenza.

Iindidi zabamkeli

Abamkeli beTV abahlukanga kuphela kwifom factor (ngaphakathi nangaphandle). Kukho ezinye iindidi ezininzi:

• ngokoluhlu lwamaxabiso;
• ngohlobo loxhulumaniso (ukufumaneka kwezixhumi ze-tulip cable, i-USB okanye i-HDMI cable);
• kwiseti yeenketho ezongezelelweyo.

[i-caption id = “i-attachment_6725” align = “aligncenter” width = “900”]
Ukuqhagamshela ibhokisi yokumisela nge-HDMI[/caption] Kodwa eyona nto iphambili inokubizwa ngokuba luluhlu ngokwemigangatho yosasazo exhaswa sisixhobo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho imigangatho emithathu esisiseko kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, amaqela amathathu aphambili eebhokisi zokuseta:

• I-DVB-S (S2, S2X) – usasazo lwesathelayithi, umamkeli uqhagamshelwe kwisitya se-satellite esifakwe kwi-facade okanye uphahla lwendlu, okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane;
• I-DVB-C (C2) – usasazo lwekhebula, ibhokisi yokumisela idibaniswe nesixhobo somboneleli ngentambo yefiber optic;
• I-DVB-T2 – usasazo, ummkeli uqhagamshelwe kwindlu eqhelekileyo okanye i-antenna yangaphakathi, efumana umqondiso kwinqaba yeTV.

Ifomathi ye-DVB-T2 ikuvumela ukuba ufumane kuphela amajelo asimahla ukuya emoyeni, kwaye kaninzi akakwazi ukubonelela ngomgangatho owamkelekileyo wosasazo (kwiindawo ezikude neenqaba zeTV). Iifomathi ezimbini eziseleyo zenza kube lula ukujonga amajelo amaninzi, kodwa zifuna ukugqitywa kwesivumelwano kunye nomnikezeli kunye nokuhlawulwa rhoqo kwentlawulo yokubhalisa.

Kubalulekile! Kukho udidi lwesine lwabamkeli – ludibene. Bayakwazi ukufumana imiqondiso kwiifomathi ezininzi ngexesha elinye, umzekelo, ukusasazwa emoyeni kunye nesathelayithi.

Indlela yokukhetha umamkeli, into omawuyijonge

Xa ucwangcisa uxhulumaniso lukamabonakude wedijithali , kufuneka uqale wenze isigqibo sokuba ngaba umsebenzisi uya kuba namajelo aneleyo asemhlabeni, okanye ngaba kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa nawuphi na umnikezeli ukufumana umxholo ongaphezulu. Kwimeko yokuqala, kuya kukwanela ukuthenga imodeli elula yomamkeli eyenzelwe kuphela ukufumana iimpawu ze-DVB-T2. Olu lukhetho oluhle lwendawo yokuhlala ehlotyeni, indawo yokuhlala yerenti yemihla ngemihla, kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala zethutyana.

Kunjalo nje! Uluhlu lwamajelo asemoyeni luhlaziywa minyaka le, ngokuhambelana neziphumo zokhuphiswano oluvulelekileyo apho iinkampani ezahlukeneyo zikamabonakude zithatha inxaxheba. Kwaye kungekudala urhulumente uceba ukwandisa ukusuka kumaqhekeza angama-20 ukuya kwangama-30.

Ukuba uceba ukudibanisa kwiinkonzo zababoneleli beTV, unokuthatha umendo wobuncinci bokuchasana kwaye uthenge kubo enye yeebhokisi zokumisela ezicetyiswa ngabo. Kodwa kule meko, xa utshintsha umnikezeli, umsebenzisi uya kufuna ukuthenga izixhobo ezitsha kwaye afake iindleko ezongezelelweyo. Kuya kuba nenzuzo ngakumbi ukunikela ingqalelo kwiimodeli zohlobo oludibeneyo lwabamkeli abakhoyo kwimarike yamahhala (ukufumana umqondiso kwi-satellite kunye nekhebula), kunye nokukwazi ukudibanisa amakhadi e-CI +. Yonke into omawuyazi malunga nomamkeli wedijithali, indlela yokudibanisa iDVB- Ibhokisi yedijithali ye-T2 yokuseta-phezulu kumabonwakude, ukulungiswa kwetshaneli okulandelayo: https://youtu.be/TPwgZvCg8Nw

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwetuner kunye nomamkeli?

Umamkeli udla ngokubhekiswa kuye njengebhokisi yokumisela okanye ishuna. Kwimeko yokuqala, akukho nto ibalulekileyo kukutshintshwa okunjalo; amagama anokuthathwa njengezithethantonye. Kodwa akulunganga ngokobuchwephesha ukubiza umamkeli ituner. I-tuner sisixhobo esinoxanduva oluthe ngqo lokwamkela, ukucazulula kunye nokusasaza isignali yedijithali kwi-TV. Ummkeli sisixhobo esinokubandakanya i-tuner enye okanye ngaphezulu, kunye neememori khadi zangaphakathi, iibhodi zokubonelela ngeenketho ezongezelelweyo, izixhumi zokudibanisa izixhobo ezongezelelweyo, iimodyuli ezincedisayo.

Iimodeli eziphezulu ezingama-20 zabamkeli abangcono ukusukela ngo-2021

Igama	Imigangatho exhaswayo	Iinketho ezongezelelweyo (ukongeza kwezo zisisiseko)	Ixabiso	Izinto ezikhethekileyo
I-STARWIND CT-100	DVB-T/DVB-T2, DVB-C	Irediyo, i-teletext, isikhokelo senkqubo, ukurekhodwa emoyeni, ukulibaziseka kosasazo, ulawulo lwabazali	Ukusuka kwi-1000	Ubungakanani obubambeneyo, ulawulo olukude oluncinci, akukho ntambo ye-HDMI, intambo yamandla emfutshane, i-frimittent freezes, akukho mboniso
I-Cadena CDT-1753SB	DVB-T, DVB-T2	Ukudlala kwakhona kweefoto kunye neevidiyo kwimidiya yangaphandle, ukurekhoda bukhoma, i-USB port	Ukusuka kwi980	Inkxaso yeekhowudi zevidiyo zanamhlanje, ubukho bomboniso, akukho ntambo zokuqhagamshela kwiseti yeTV, ihlala ishushu kwaye iqalise ngokuzenzekelayo.
TELEFUNKEN TF-DVBT224	DVB-T/T2/C	Ukudlala kwakhona kweefoto kunye neevidiyo kwimidiya yangaphandle, ukurekhoda bukhoma, izibuko le-USB, isidlali semidiya esisebenzayo	Ukususela ngo-1299	Ubukho be-RCA isinxibelelanisi sokudibanisa kwiimodeli ezindala zeTV, umboniso, ulawulo olukude oluphezulu, ulwamkelo oluhle lomqondiso kuyo nayiphi na imeko.
IHARPER HDT2-5010	DVB-T2	Ukufakwa kwe-antenna, i-USB, i-HDMI, imveliso edibeneyo, ukurekhoda okuphilayo, ukudlala ividiyo esuka kumakhadi okukhanya	ukusuka 1640	Ulwamkelo lwesignali ezinzileyo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwangemuva, akukho ntambo ye-HDMI ebandakanyiweyo
Selenga HD950D	DVB-T/T2, DVB-C	Ukubukela i-IPTV, i-YouTube kunye ne-MEGOGO, ukudibanisa i-adapter ye-Wi-Fi, ukurekhoda nokudlala ividiyo kwi-flash drive, ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi.	Ukususela ngo-1150	Akukho ntambo ye-HDMI kunye ne-adapter ye-Wi-Fi ifakiwe, inokufudumala ngexesha lomsebenzi omde kwi-Intanethi, ixhasa iDolby Digital;
BBK SMP240HDT2	DVB-T/T2	Ukurekhodwa ngokuqhubekayo ngesibali-xesha, isikhokelo sikamabonwakude, i-teletext, ulawulo lwabazali, ukudlala ividiyo kwi-flash drive	Ukususela ngo-1280	Ukwamkelwa komqondiso ozinzileyo, akukho ukushisa kunye neqhwa, ukuseta lula
I-D-COLOR DC1301HD	DVB-T/T2	Ukufakwa kwe-antenna, i-USB, i-HDMI, imveliso edibeneyo, ukurekhoda okuphilayo, ukudlala ividiyo esuka kumakhadi okukhanya	Ukususela ngo-1330	Ukufuna umgangatho we-antenna (uqhagamshelwano kunye ne-amplifier iyacetyiswa), ngokuqinisekileyo ayigqithisi kakhulu, emva kokuqhawula kwinethiwekhi, kufuneka uphinde uhlengahlengise ixesha kunye nomhla.
World Vision Foros Combo	DVB-S/S2/T2/C	Ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi, ukuhambelana kweWi-Fi, ukurekhodwa kwexesha, isikhokelo sikamabonwakude, umbhalo wefowuni, ulawulo lwabazali, ukudlala ividiyo kwakhona kwi-flash drive	Ukususela ngo-1569	Ukubonakala okubonakalayo, ukwamkelwa kwesignali ethembekileyo, ukugqithiswa kwamaxesha ngamaxesha, akukho ntambo ye-HDMI ebandakanyiweyo
Oriel 421D	DVB-T/DVB-T2, DVB-C,	Ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi, isikhangeli esakhelwe ngaphakathi, isinxibelelanisi se-SPDIF sokudibanisa izithethi zangaphandle	Ukususela ngo-1390	Ukunqongophala kwenkxaso yeekhowudi ezininzi zevidiyo, ukubanda rhoqo xa ukhangela i-Intanethi
LUMAX DV-4205HD	DVB-T2, DVD-C	I-adapter ye-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, umdlali wemidiya onamandla	Ukususela ngowe-1960	Inkxaso yee-codecs ezininzi, ukwamkelwa komqondiso othembekileyo, imveliso yomsindo yokudibanisa i-digital acoustics
Xiaomi Mi Box S	DVB-S/S2/T2/C	I-adapter ye-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, imemori yangaphakathi ye-8 GB	Ukusuka kwi-5000	Ukukwazi ukudibanisa kwinkqubo “i-smart home”, umgangatho womfanekiso ophezulu, ukugqithisa okunokwenzeka kunye neqhwa
BBK SMP026HDT2	DVB-T2	Ukuqala kulibazisekile, izihlokwana, umbhalo wefowuni	Ukususela ngo-1340	Izindlu ezimagingxigingxi, unikezelo lwamandla e-eriyali esebenzayo, i-AC3 inokuba neengxaki, akukho mboniso
Selenga HD950D	DVB-T2/DVB-C	ITeletext, Imibhalo engezantsi, iTimeShift, Inkqubo yeTV eSebenzayo, uLawulo lwaBazali, ukufikelela kuYouTube	Ukususela ngo-1188	Izindlu zentsimbi, iphaneli yokulawula esebenzisekayo, isoftware ekhawulezayo, ukufudumeza rhoqo
I-LUMAX DV-2108HD	DVB-C, DVB-T, DVB-T2	I-MEGOGO kunye nenkxaso ye-YouTube, ukukhangela ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokukhangela iziteshi zeTV, ulawulo lwabazali, uluhlu lweentandokazi	Ukusuka kwi-1080	Ukuxhaswa kweedrive zangaphandle ukuya kwi-1 TB, ukuhambelana neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zefayile, umdlali wemidiya osebenzayo
UMbono weHlabathi T62A	DVB-C, DVB-T2	I-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, ixhasa uYouTube, uGoogle kunye namanye amaqonga osasazo	Ukususela ngo-1299	Iinkcukacha zomfanekiso ophezulu, ukwamkelwa komqondiso othembekileyo, ukusebenza kwesoftware engazinzanga
BBK SMP027 HDT2	DVB-T, DVB-T2	Ixesha Shift, ukurekhoda usasazo kwi-flash drive	Ukususela ngo-1010	Ulwamkelo lwesignali eqinisekileyo, imenyu engeyiyo ilula kakhulu, ukungenzeki kwamanani amajelo, emva kokuqhawula umdibaniso kwinethiwekhi, ifuna uqwalaselo kwakhona.
I-LUMAX DV-3215HD	DVB-C, DVB-T, DVB-T2	Amazibuko amabini e-USB, ukukwazi ukudlala iifoto, umculo kunye nevidiyo kwi-flash drive	Isidlali semidiya esisebenza ngezinto ezininzi, iprosesa ephezulu yokusebenza, iingxaki zinokuthi zenzeke xa udlala ezinye iifomati zefayile yeaudio
World Vision Foros Combo T2/S2	DVB-C, DVB-S, DVB-S2, DVB-T, DVB-T2	I-IPTV kunye nenkxaso ye-YouTube, i-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, ulawulo lwefowuni ehlakaniphile	ukusuka 1620	Iphaneli yokulawula elula, ulawulo olukude olukhulu olunamaqhosha amakhulu, ukukhangela okulula kwiitshaneli zeTV, ukufudumeza okunokwenzeka
World Vision Foros Ultra	DVB-C/T/T2	inkxaso yesicelo se-DVBFinder, izihlanganisi ezininzi ze-USB, ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi nge-Wi-Fi	Ukususela ngowe-1850	Inkxaso yeTransponder, isoftware ekhawulezayo, iinketho ezininzi zokukhuphela uluhlu lokudlala lweIPTV

Ukuqhagamshela kunye nokuseta umamkeli wedijithali

Njengomthetho, iintambo zokudibanisa zibandakanyiwe kunye nebhokisi yokumisela. Okufuneka ukwenze kukudibanisa umamkeli kumabonakude ngale ndlela ilandelayo:

• uphawu kufuneka luye kwiTV, oko kukuthi, sikhetha i-port kunye negama elithi “IN” ;
• kwi-receiver, intambo ixhunyiwe kwimveliso, oko kukuthi, izixhumi ezibhalwe “OUT” .
• i-eriyali iqhagamshelwe kwisokethi efanelekileyo ngasemva kwidikhowuda.

Indlela yokufaka, ukudibanisa kunye nokuqwalasela i-digital receiver terrestrial: https://youtu.be/9Uz6tUI19D4 Kukulungele kakhulu ukuseta amajelo kwimo ezenzekelayo. Vula zonke izixhobo kwinethiwekhi kwaye ukhethe umsebenzi wokuskena isitishi esizenzekelayo kwimenyu yeTV. I-TV kufuneka ifumane onke amajelo angama-20 kwii- multiplexes ezimbini , emva koko izicwangciso kuya kufuneka zigcinwe kuphela.

Uqhagamshela njani umamkeli wedijithali kwiTV, ungafunda kule vidiyo: https://youtu.be/ KwhhnRAljYs Ukuba umamkeli akazifumananga zonke iitshaneli, ke ingxaki kufuneka ifunwe kwinqanaba lesiginali ye-eriyali. Unokuzama indawo ye-eriyali, okanye mhlawumbi kufuneka udibanise ne-amplifier.