Isisombululo se-4k se-Ultra HD-inkcazo, i-pros and cons, ingakanani kwi-pixels

Isigqibo luphawu olubalulekileyo lweTV kunye nevidiyo. Ibonisa ukubala kwepixel ngokuthe tyaba nangokuthe nkqo. Ukuphakama kwesisombululo, kucace ngakumbi, kuchazwe ngakumbi umfanekiso othathwe kwifowuni. Abavelisi beTV banqunyelwe ekuboniseni amanani axwesileyo. Umzekelo, isisombululo se-4k sibhekisa kwisisombululo se-cinema yedijithali kunye nemizobo yekhompyuter. Ihambelana ne-4000 pixels ngokuthe tye.

Isisombululo se-4k – inkcazo yomgangatho

Inkxalabo yaseJapan i-NHK iphuhlise umgangatho we-UHDTV kwicandelo lezonxibelelwano. Yamkelwa ngo-2012 ngexesha leentlanganiso zeManyano yoNxibelelwano lweZizwe ngeZizwe. Isisombululo esiphezulu sasiyi-3840×2160 pixels. Yaziwa ngokuba yi-Ultra HD. Izikrini zeTV zikwazile ukufumana i-widescreen aspect ratio. Yalingana nendawo ye-16:9. Namhlanje, lo mgangatho ungomnye weyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwaye ithengwa. Kwishishini lefilimu, libizwa ngokuba yi-4K kuba ububanzi besakhelo sesakhelo buye baba ngama-pixels angama-4000. Kuyanika umdla ukuba abavelisi bakamabonwakude abacingi ukuba baphelele apho. Ukuqonda ividiyo yenkcazo ephezulu kakhulu, kufuneka ucinge ngesikrini seemitha ezili-15. Umfanekiso okuyo uya kuhlala ucace ngendlela efanayo naleyo ikwiscreen sikamabonakude esiqhelekileyo. Iprojektha ye-cinema yedijithali ixhasa kuphela isisombululo se-2k. Inkxaso yefomati ye-quad ikwi-IMAX. Iguqulelwe ukusuka kwisiNgesi sokuthengisa, olu lolona hlobo luphezulu lomfanekiso. Kumgangatho, iiprojekti ezininzi ezinesisombululo esiphindwe kane zisetyenziswa. I-4k ithetha ukucaca ngokupheleleyo kunye neenkcukacha zomfanekiso, ohanjiswa ngokuqaqambileyo kwaye ugcwele. Uxinaniso kunye nenyani yomfanekiso kukhula ngenxa yokuncipha kobungakanani bepixel kunye nokwanda kwenani labo. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ziba neenkcukacha ngakumbi kulwandlalo kwaye zinokujongwa ngcono. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-2k, i-4k inikezela ngereyithi ephuculweyo yesakhelo, ubunzulu bombala kunye nomgangatho wesandi. UHD isebenzisa ireyithi yesakhelo. Umbala unobunzulu beebhithi ezili-12, kunye nokugubungela umbala ngama-75%. Isikrini sivelisa malunga ne-69,000,000,000 yemibala yombala. Ukuqonda okungcono, iimodeli eziphezulu ze-HD ezigcweleyo zitshintsha iifreyimu ngesantya se-60 kilosecond. Umbala u-8 bits, kwaye indawo yombala igquma isikrini ngama-35%.

Umahluko phakathi kwesisombululo se-4K kunye ne-2K

I-HDTVs ibe ngumgangatho osetyenziswayo amashumi eminyaka. Namhlanje, akukho zixhobo zikamabonwakude ezingabonisi sisombululo se-720p. “P” imele uhlobo lomfanekiso oqhubekayo. Ndiyinye indlela, ebonakaliswe idityanisiwe. Imigca engaqhelekanga nelinganayo iboniswa ngokutshintshanayo kwisakhelo ngasinye. Oku kubangela ukuthotywa komgangatho womfanekiso. Igama elithi 4000 pixels yifomathi yokubonisa enesisombululo esithe tye esibanzi. UHD yi4k. Umahluko kukuba kufanelekile ngakumbi kubathengi kunye nomabonwakude kunye ne-2k. Ngenxa yoko, i-DCI ithathwa njengomgangatho wemveliso yobuchwephesha, ilinganiswe kwi-4096 x 2160 pixels. UHD ngumgangatho onesisombululo se-3840 x 2160 pixels. Kukho ifomathi ye-8k kuma-7620 x 4320 pixels. Inika umfanekiso ongenasiphako.

Iinzuzo kunye neengozi zesisombululo se-4k xa sisetyenziswa kwiiTV

Isisombululo se-4k sinikezela ngeenkcukacha zomfanekiso ocacileyo ngokwandisa ubuninzi bepixel kwiscreen semilimitha yesikwere. Izinga lokutshayela li-120 izakhelo ngesekhondi. Umfanekiso onjalo oguqukayo unika uxinzelelo oluncinci emehlweni, ngakumbi ukuba umntu ubukele umabonwakude ixesha elide kunye neyure. Isisombululo se-4k sivelisa uluhlu lwemibala enzulu, etyebileyo. Iphucula ukucaca komfanekiso kuzo zombini iindawo eziqaqambileyo nezimnyama zesikrini. Ifomathi inika owona mgangatho wesandi ubalaseleyo. Inzuzo engathandabuzekiyo yomsebenzisi yee-Ultra HD TV zezi zibakala zilandelayo:

1. Ifomathi ingasetyenziselwa imidlalo yevidiyo ebanzi, iimatriki zekhompyuter; Isikrini sikuntywilisela kwinyani yenyani ngaphandle kweeglasi ezikhethekileyo.
2. I-matrix yenza uhlobo lwe-dimensional-dimensional yomfanekiso othi umbukeli awuvavanye nanini na; kwi-stereo awudingi ziglasi.
3. I-TV inokubukelwa kumgama omfutshane, oku kungenxa yokunyuka okuphindwe kane kumfanekiso weskrini.

Inzuzo yithuba lokubeka iTV kwindawo encinci enendawo encinci yamagumbi.

Ukungalungi okuphambili kwesisombululo se-4k yimfuno eyongeziweyo yomgangatho wesignali. Oku kukhokelela kumxholo olinganiselweyo ogqithiswa kumgangatho osetyenzisiweyo. Kukho iimuvi ezikhethekileyo kunye nemiboniso kuYouTube enokusetyenziswa kwiimodeli ze-4k. KwiNetflix kukho iifilimu ezinothotho ezinobhaliso oluhlawulweyo, olubiza imali eninzi. I-Megogo inomxholo omninzi wenkcazo ephezulu.

Zeziphi iiTV ezisebenzisa i4k

Isisombululo se-4K sesona siphezulu kwaye sicacileyo. Enkosi kuyo, unokubukela iinkqubo zeTV ngokucaca okwandisiweyo. Inzuzo yesi sigqibo kukuchasana okuphezulu kunye neenkcukacha zomfanekiso, ukudala umphumo we-3D ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kweeglasi ezikhethekileyo. Namhlanje, isisombululo se-4K sifumaneka kwiimodeli zeTV ezilandelayo: i-Xiaomi Mi TV 4S65 T2S 65, LG 43UM7020 43, Samsung UE43TU8000U, Samsung UN78KS9800, LG 43UK6200, LG 50UN73506LB, BBK 46C20 UTS8. Kuyafaneleka ukuba kuboniswe ukuba zonke iiTV ezinesisombululo se-4k zinenkqubo “ehlakaniphile” eyenza kube lula ukujonga umxholo wevidiyo, umxholo wesithombe kunye nokusebenzisa i-Intanethi, izicelo kunye nemidlalo. Ndiyabulela kwintsebenziswano ngokuthe ngqo yabaphuhlisi bomgangatho kunye nabavelisi, umthengi, ekugqibeleni, ufumana ukufikelela kumxholo ongcono kakhulu. Ibhonasi kubasebenzisi ukufikelela kwifomati esemgangathweni yeefilimu ngexesha elifanayo ukuba zisasazwe kwii-cinema. Ukuqonda ngcono amandla e-4k TVs, iimeko ezithile kufuneka zifezekiswe. Isixhobo kufuneka sibe nediagonal ebanzi. Kufuneka ngokuyimfuneko ibe nosasazo lwe-TV eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ye-4k kunye nosasazo lwedatha yevidiyo ekhoyo. Ekugqibeleni, umntu uya kufumana ubomi kunye nomfanekiso we-dimensional-dimensional, apho imibala ihanjiswa ngejusi, ngokwemvelo. Kufuneka ngokuyimfuneko ibe nosasazo lwe-TV eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ye-4k kunye nosasazo lwedatha yevidiyo ekhoyo. Ekugqibeleni, umntu uya kufumana ubomi kunye nomfanekiso we-dimensional-dimensional, apho imibala ihanjiswa ngejusi, ngokwemvelo. Kufuneka ngokuyimfuneko ibe nosasazo lwe-TV eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ye-4k kunye nosasazo lwedatha yevidiyo ekhoyo. Ekugqibeleni, umntu uya kufumana ubomi kunye nomfanekiso we-dimensional-dimensional, apho imibala ihanjiswa ngejusi, ngokwemvelo.
I-Samsung UE50RU7170U isebenza kwisisombululo se-4k [/ caption]

Isisombululo se-2K, i-HD, i-hd epheleleyo, i-UHD, i-4K kunye ne-8K – umahluko

Inkcazo ephezulu kamabonakude okanye iHD ngumgangatho osetyenziswa iminyaka eli-15 kuyo yonke indawo. Ibonisa isisombululo se-720p okanye i-1280×720 pixels. Nangona kunjalo, i-90% yeeTV kwimarike namhlanje zixhasa i-Full HD. Oku kuthetha ukuba ibonisa 1080p okanye 1920×1080 pixels. “R” – progressive in translation from English. Kuthetha ukuba umfanekiso wesakhelo ngasinye ulandelelana. Umgca ngamnye wesakhelo uzotywe ngokweenkcukacha. Enye indawo kunobumba “R” ngu “i”. Imele ukuskena okudityanisiweyo. Oku kumgangatho we-HDTV kwi-1080i. Imigca engaqhelekanga enemigca elinganayo iboniswa ngokulandelelanayo kwisakhelo ngasinye. Oku kukhokelela ekuwohlokeni okubonakalayo kumgangatho womfanekiso. I-UHD okanye i-Ultra HD ikumgangatho ofanayo ne-4K. Ngaphandle kokuba inika inani elincinci lamachaphaza – 3840×2160 amachaphaza (2K). I-4K ilandela umgangatho we-2K, eyadalwa yi-DCI kwaye inikezela ngesisombululo esiphuculweyo amaxesha amaninzi. I-4k, i-Ultra High-Definition okanye i-Ultra High Definition – ukukwazi kwesixhobo ukukhupha imifanekiso kwiimonitha ngeeTV kunye neeprojekti. Esi sisisombululo sevidiyo esinomfanekiso okhawulezayo okanye omnye umfanekiso.
Kukwakho ifomathi ye-Full HD Ultra. Idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-8K, inesisombululo sama-7620 x 4320 pixels. Zininzi iiTV ezinale parameter kwi-Intanethi namhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, ukuyixabisa, udinga i-diagonal yee-intshi ezingama-85 kwiTV. Izibonelelo zeefomathi zibonakala kwimigama eyahlukeneyo yomsebenzisi ukusuka kwesikrini (kunye ne-diagonal ye-20 ukuya kwi-intshi ye-130). Kumgama weemitha ezili-12, yonke imigangatho ibonakala ifana. Kumgama ofikelela kwiimitha ezili-10, iingenelo ze-720p ziyabonakala, kumgama ukuya kwi-7.5 yeemitha – 1080p, kwaye kumgama ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha – 4k. Umqathango wawo wonke umgangatho uyafana: i-diagonal yeTV isuka kwi-50 ukuya kwi-intshi ye-140. Ngaphandle koko, akunakwenzeka ukuvavanya izibonelelo. Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe2K, 4K, 8K izigqibo ngamanani kunye neepixels: https://youtu.be/cUWkH_qV5Lg