I-CRT okanye i-CRT TV-uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nenketho yokusebenza (ayisoloko)

I-CRT okanye i-kinescope TV yiTV esebenzisa i-cathode ray tube (CRT) okanye i-CRT (i-Cathode Ray Tube) ukubonisa umfanekiso. IiTV zeCRT okanye zeCRT zibizwa ngokuba ngoomabonakude abasasaza imifanekiso besebenzisa iityhubhu zemitha yecathode, okanye iikinescopes. Kwasetyenziswa iinkcukacha ezifanayo kwiinguqulelo zokuqala zobugcisa, ezaveliswa ngenkulungwane yama-20 de kwayiminyaka engu-0 kule nkulungwane.

Inika umdla! Kubantu abaqhelekileyo, iiTV ze-CRT zibizwa ngokuba “ndala” okanye “isikwere” ngenxa yemibutho eqhelekileyo.

Isixhobo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza

Isixhobo se-kinescopes sinokuchazwa ngokulula: ityhubhu inezibhamu ezininzi ezakhiweyo, umbala ohambelana nombala oyintloko (obomvu, oluhlaza, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Ngethuba lokusebenza kwe-electron beam, izibhamu “zidubula” isikrini esihlanganiswe ne-phosphor, ebangela ukukhanya. Kukukhanya okwenza umfanekiso kumachaphaza ngamanye.

Inyaniso! I-CRT lolona hlobo ludala lukamabonakude. Kwithuba le-2022, abaninzi abavelisi abavelisi izixhobo ezinjalo, nangona kunjalo, iimodeli zangaphambili zinokufumaneka kubathengisi-abanini.

Ii-Pros and cons of CRT

IiTV ezindala zineengenelo zazo:

• Uluhlu olubanzi lweemodeli ezisebenzayo ezahlukeneyo.
• Amaxabiso amancinci ezixhobo.
• Ukuthembeka ngokwaneleyo, iteknoloji yokusebenza evavanywa ixesha.
• Ukuveliswa kombala okuncinci okugqwethekileyo kunye nemifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu nakwizikrini ezincinci.
• Ubomi benkonzo ende (ezinye iimodeli ziyakwazi ukusebenza iminyaka eyi-15-25).

Kukwakho nezinto ezingeloncedo:

• Umda wesayizi yesikrini setekhnoloji (malunga nee-intshi ezingama-38).
• Imilinganiselo ephezulu, kuquka ubungakanani kunye nobunzima beTV.
• Ubukho bokuphazamiseka kwejometri, “i-flare”, iingxaki zokugxila.
• I-lag ebalulekileyo emva kwetekhnoloji yanamhlanje kukusebenza okulinganiselweyo, ukungenakwenzeka komsebenzi okumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezixhobo zamva nje.

Ingqalelo! IiTV ze-CRT zithathwa njengezona ziyingozi kakhulu kumbono: kwinqanaba lokuhlaziya isakhelo esingaphantsi kwe-100 Hertz, amehlo adinwa ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza kakhulu kunye neentloko zinokwenzeka.

Kutheni iTV yeCRT isesona sisombululo silungileyo somdlalo kwakhona: https://youtu.be/BIudE0uvy9A

Indlela yokukhetha iTV yekinescope

Ukukhetha i-TV ye-kinescope engcono kakhulu, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kwiimpawu eziphambili:

1. Ubungakanani beskrini obusondeleyo . Xa ukhetha i-diagonal yesixhobo, kufuneka wenze isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi indawo eya kufakwa kuyo. Kumagumbi amancinci, iiTV ezincinci zifanelekile, kuba zibanzi kwaye zide, kufuneka uthathe isikrini esikhulu.
2. Itekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo . Ngokusisiseko, itekhnoloji yekinescope inereyithi yefreyimu ye-50 kunye ne-100 Hertz. Ukubukela ukhululekile ixesha elide, kungcono ukhethe izixhobo eziphezulu ze-frequency.
3. Uyilo lweSkrini . Yabela 4:3 kunye 16:9 izikrini. Eyokuqala ifanelekile ukubukela imiboniso yeTV kwiitshaneli zakudala – le yifomathi yokuba irekhodi elinjalo. Ukubukela ividiyo kwiidiski okanye iikhasethi, kufuneka uthenge iTV yescreen esikhulu.
4. Uhlobo lwesithethi . Kukho izixhobo ezinesandi sokudlala se-mono kunye ne-stereo. Ukuba umthombo wokurekhoda awunamsebenzi, isixhobo esinesandi se-mono siya kwenza. Izithethi ze-stereo zidlulisa icala lesandi ngcono. Kufuneka kwakhona uqaphele imodeli kunye nomgangatho wesithethi: ingxolo eyongezelelweyo ngexesha lokusebenza ayifuni.
5. Ubukho bezixhobo ezongezelelweyo kunye neenkqubo . IiTV ezindala zinokuphuculwa kunye neempawu zemifuziselo esemgangathweni yanamhlanje.
6. Ubukho okanye inani lezixhumi zezixhobo zangaphandle . Ukuba uceba ukudibanisa izixhobo ezongezelelweyo, kufuneka ukhethe iiTV ezineziqhagamshelo ezifanelekileyo.
7. Ubukho bamaqhosha olawulo kwiqela lenjongo langaphandle . I-TV inokuxhotyiswa ngamaqhosha omabini asisiseko kunye neseti epheleleyo yolawulo olukude. Inketho yokugqibela yenza isixhobo sibe nzima ngakumbi.

Kubiza malini ukuthenga iTV yekinescope kwaye zeziphi iimeko kunye neemeko

Kumaxesha anamhlanje, iiTV zekinescope azifanelekanga. Ukongezelela ekuphelelweni kokuziphatha, baye bafumana isimo esiyingozi kakhulu kwimpilo yamehlo kwaye ayifanelekanga ukujonga ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, isixhobo esinjalo sifanelekile ukuthengwa ukuba:

1. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokuthenga luyinto ephilayo . Izixhobo ezidala zincinci kuneemodeli zanamhlanje, ukuba ixabiso aligqithiswanga ngumthengisi.
2. I-TV iya kuba sisixhobo sesibini : umzekelo, ukuba abanini bafuna ukuthenga i-TV yesibini kwelinye igumbi okanye babe nenketho yokugcina xa kwenzeka ukuba uphawu oluphambili okanye olubuthathaka luphule (umzekelo, akukho intanethi).
3. Ukubukela ixesha elide akucwangciswanga : umabonwakude ulahlekelwe ukufaneleka kwawo, iinkqubo ziqokelela ababukeli abambalwa abaqhelekileyo.
4. Izixhobo zithengelwa ukuzonwabisa okwethutyana okanye ngaphandle kweemeko zasezidolophini : kwindlu yelizwe, ikhitshi yasehlotyeni, ukujonga kude kulungiswe ngokupheleleyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwekhaya.

Inika umdla! I-Kinescopes zithengwa kwimisebenzi ethile: ukutsalwa kwesinyithi esingenayo i-ferrous, ukuthengiswa okulandelayo, ukufumana iindawo ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo.

Kunzima ukubiza ixabiso elichanekileyo elifanele ukuhlawula iTV enjalo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthengwa, umntu kufuneka akhumbule ukungabikho kokuziphatha kunye nobugcisa bezixhobo ezinjalo. Xa kuthelekiswa neeTV zanamhlanje, i-kinescopes kufuneka ixabise amaxesha amaninzi ngaphantsi, ngaphakathi kwamawaka ambalwa eeruble. Akufanele uhlawule ngaphezulu xa uthenga kwakhona: ixabiso eligqithisiweyo aliyi kuhambelana nomgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwesixhobo. Yintoni eluncedo kwiiphaneli zakudala ze-CRT TV: https://youtu.be/Eg-tx_uE3Pg

Iingxaki zeTV eziqhelekileyo zeCRT

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abanini beeTV ze-kinescope bajongene nokuphazamiseka okunje:

• Ukungazinzi kwenkqubo yamandla: iingxaki zokusebenzisa amandla, ukugqithisa.
• Ukushisa okukhulu kwecala kunye neengxenye zesixhobo.
• Umonakalo obonakalayo kwiindawo: ukubunjwa kwe-soot, ukuvuza kwezinto zokusebenza.
• Iingxaki zobulunga bomqondiso.
• Ukungakwazi ukuqhagamshela kwiinethiwekhi ezithile.
• Ukutshintsha ngokuzimeleyo kunye nokucima, ukungakwazi ukulawula ngokuzimeleyo iindlela.

Iimbangela zeengxaki kunye namayeza

Uhlobo ngalunye lwesiphoso lufuna indlela ekhethekileyo. Kwimeko yeengxaki zamandla okanye ukuvuza kwe-electrolyte, ii- capacitors kufuneka zitshintshwe: zinobomi obulinganiselweyo.

Kubalulekile! Xa usebenza nge-electrolyte kunye ne-capacitors, landela amanyathelo okhuseleko okanye uqhagamshelane neengcali. Izinto zenkqubo yamandla ziyaqhuma.

Uninzi lweengxaki ngezixhobo zombane zibangelwa kukufudumala okugqithisileyo. Ichaphazela zombini inkqubo kunye namalungu ayo. Ngethuba lokusebenza okuqhubekayo, kukho umthwalo onamandla kwi-insulation, ii-LED kunye ne-capacitors. Ukuba amacandelo aphambili ashushu kakhulu, i-TV ingacima ngesandi esinophawu kwaye iqalise ukusebenza kwakhona emva kokupholisa phantsi. Ukuthintela ukufudumala kunye nokulimala kwezinye iindawo, kufuneka uhlambulule rhoqo ityala eluthulini. Uthuli luyimbangela yokuvalwa koqhagamshelwano kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuzinza kweebhodi. Kwakhona kufuneka ubeke esweni ukungabikho kokufuma kwindawo apho iTV ikhona. Ukuba umgangatho womfanekiso okanye amandla omqondiso uyahlupheka, isizathu kufuneka sifunwe kwikhonkco kwi-transmission nge-antenna okanye ikhebula. Kwiimodeli zamva zee-TV ze-CRT, unokufaka iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo eziphucula umgangatho wesignali.

Kubalulekile! Ukuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-CRT ye-TV kubonwa, ukuxilongwa akufanele kuqhutywe kuphela kwizixhobo eziphambili, kodwa kunye nabancedisi. Kuyimfuneko ukucoca rhoqo iphaneli yokulawula, ukutshintsha iibhetri, khangela ingqibelelo yeentambo kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuxhuma kwiiprogram.

Ukungabikho kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo, kucetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nenkosi ukuze ugweme iingxaki ngokulungiswa.