Zeziphi iifrikhwensi zeTV yedijithali: eyokuqala, eyesibini neyesithathu yokuphindaphinda ngamaza ngo-2025

Ngehlobo lika-2019, usasazo lweTV ye-analogue luyekile ukusebenza kwiRussian Federation. Indawo yayo iye yathatyathelw’ indawo ngumabonakude wanamhlanje wedijithali . Makhe sijonge ukuba isebenza njani i-audio kunye nevidiyo ye-encoding kunye netekhnoloji yokuhambisa, ekuvumela ukuba ubukele amajelo aliqela nakwikona ezingafikelelekiyo zelizwe, qwalasela ukuba zeziphi iifrikhwensi zedijithali zeTV kunye nendlela yokuyiqwalasela.

Ijelo leMultiplexing

I-multiplex idla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngamajelo kamabonakude nawerediyo adityaniswe abe yibhloko enye yedijithali. Ezi tshaneli zeTV kunye nerediyo zixutywe (ezininzi) kwaye zisasazwa ngendlela yothutho ekhethekileyo. Kwisixhobo sokufumana ( i-digital set-top box , i-digital tuner eyakhelwe kwi-TV), iyahlukana (demultiplexed).
Kwimeko yedijithali ye-multi-channel kamabonakude, ukuhanjiswa kuqhutyelwa kwifrikhwensi enye. Iphakheji inokubandakanya iziteshi zeefomathi ezahlukeneyo kunye nomgangatho (SD, HD, 3D). Ziye zenziwe ngemithombo eyahlukeneyo (iinkampani zeTV kunye nerediyo, abaqhubi, ababoneleli, njl.), ngelixa usasazo losasazo, imibhalo engezantsi, i-teletext, isikhokelo seTV, njl.

Iifrikhwensi zikamabonakude zeDijithali eMoscow nakwimimandla yaseRussia

Imijelo emibini ephindwe kabini sele isebenza kwintsimi yeRussian Federation, i-multiplex yesithathu ilungiselelwe ukuqaliswa. Iphakheji nganye inikwe i-frequency ethile kwi-decimeter wave range. Itekhnoloji iphelisa ukudityaniswa kwemijelo eyahlukeneyo yamaza akufutshane ukukhusela impembelelo efanayo. Umgangatho wosasazo lwe-DTV uhlala ukwinqanaba eliphezulu, nokuba zithini na izinto ezifana nezi:

• Umsebenzi welanga;
• imvula kunye nezinye iimeko zemozulu;
• ubushushu;
• ukufuma;
• ixesha losuku kunye nonyaka.

Iifrikhwensi zikamabonakude zeDijithali zibandakanyiwe kwi-multiplex yokuqala (RTRS-1)

Iphakheji enyanzelekileyo kunye ne-Russian yonke, yoluntu, ithelevishini yasimahla kunye nemithombo yerediyo. Umxholo olungiselelwe ukubonelela uluntu ngolwazi olubalulekileyo lwentlalo yamkelwa nguMongameli weRussian Federation ngehlobo lika-2009. Ngokwesicwangciso sobugcisa, ibhloko yokuqala ineeparamitha ezilandelayo:

• ukuhanjiswa kuqhutyelwa kumaza e-decimeter 470-862 MHz;
• umgangatho wosasazo – DVB-T2;
• akukho uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo;
• ifomathi yosasazo-SDTV.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yendawo, i-multiplex yokuqala inokusasazwa kwenye yeefrikhwensi ezingentla. Ngokomzekelo, eMoscow kunye nommandla waseMoscow – oku 546 MHz.

Uluhlu lwamajelo epakethe yokuqala yedijithali:

• Eyokuqala;
• Rhashiya;
• Umdlalo;
• NTV;
• inkcubeko;
• Umjelo wesi-5;
• iRashiya 24;
• Carousel;
• OTR;
• TVC.

I-TV yeDijithali eMoscow – iifrikhwensi zamatshaneli angama-50: https://youtu.be/tmxAS7znLjA

I-multiplex yesibini (RTRS-2)

Ibhloko enabo bonke-iRashiya kunye nemithombo kamabonwakude kawonke-wonke kunye nerediyo, ukusasazwa kwayo ngokukhululekileyo kuxhomekeke kumqhubi. Imijelo yephakheji yesibini inokubonelelwa, kubandakanywa nokubhaliselwa okuhlawulwayo.

Iphakheji yesibini yedijithali ineempawu zobugcisa ezifana ne-multiplex yokuqala. Kwingingqi yaseMoscow, umzekelo, isasazwa kwi-wave kunye ne-frequency ye-498 MHz.

Uluhlu lwamajelo avunywe yiRoskomnadzor:

• Ren TV;
• Igciniwe;
• STS;
• Ikhaya;
• Umabonakude-3;
• Ihlabathi;
• ULwesihlanu;
• Inkwenkwezi;
• TNT;
• Muz TV.

I-TV yedijithali yasimahla, vula i-multiplex yesibini: https://youtu.be/dvuCpScsId8

Ukuphindaphinda okwesithathu (RTRS-3)

Ukuqaliswa kwabhengezwa ngo-2020. Kweminye imimandla, uluhlu sele luvunyiwe, kodwa kulo lonke ilizwe nge-RTRS-3 kukho izinto ezininzi ezingaqondakaliyo, umzekelo, zeziphi iziteshi kunye neziphi iinkampani eziza kufakwa kuyo, nokuba ziya kuhlawulwa zonke okanye umxholo othile uya kuhlawulwa. zisasazwa simahla, iifrikhwensi ezinikezelweyo zothumelo, njl.njl. Uluhlu lwejelo olunokwenzeka:

• Iplanethi yam;
• Iikhathuni;
• umthengisi waseRashiya;
• Ilizwe;
• I-Sundress;
• Ukuzithemba;
• Ipaki yokonwabisa;
• Inzululwazi;
• iDisney;
• Umabonwakude wasekhitshini.

https://youtu.be/PAUCVor-SUw

DVB-T2 itshaneli yedijithali frequency

Kwintsimi yaseRashiya, umabonwakude wedijithali osemhlabeni usebenza kwiitshaneli ze-21 – 69, kwibhendi yokusebenza rhoqo ukusuka kwi-470 ukuya kwi-862 MHz. Ububanzi bomsinga yi-8 MHz kwaye ithiyori yokugqibela iqulethe iziteshi ze-48 okanye inani elifanayo le-multiplexes.

Iifrikhwensi zikamabonakude wedijithali zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kummandla kunye nenani leenqaba kwindawo ethile. Ngokomzekelo, kwingingqi yeTula, la ngamaziko othumelo angama-24 agubungela phantse i-100% yendawo kunye nokusebenzisa iifrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo zothumelo.

Ukuseta iTV okanye ibhokisi yedijithali yokumisela umjelo othile kuqhutywa ngokwemephu yendawo yokugubungela i-DTV kwingingqi yakho. Oku kwenziwa ngokufaka i-frequency efanelekileyo okanye itshaneli kwimo yokukhangela.
Usasaza kangaphi umabonakude wedijithali:

Fumana i-frequencies yetshaneli yokubukela umabonakude wedijithali kwingingqi yakho, i-coverage kunye nenkxaso ye- multiplex kwi-rtrs.ru resource . Xa usiya kwindawo, uya kuthunyelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwindawo yakho yemveli. Olunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nomabonakude wedijithali osemhlabeni kwindawo yakho lukwakhona apha.

Uqhagamshelwano kunye nokuseta

Ukuqhagamshela kunye nokuseka umabonwakude wedijithali akufuni ulwazi olukhethekileyo kunye nezakhono. Ukuba usebenzisa i-TV yanamhlanje, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sele inesixhobo sokuhambisa idijithali esakhelwe ngaphakathi, kodwa ukuba i-TV yakho yimodeli ephelelwe lixesha, kuya kufuneka uthenge i-DVB-T2 set-top box. Ukongeza kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokudibanisa, i- eriyali esebenza kuluhlu lwe-UHF iyafuneka.

Ukuqhagamshela iTV kunye netuner eyakhelweyo

Uninzi lweemodeli zeTV zanamhlanje sele zinedijithi ye-DVB-T2 yomamkeli wedijithali. Ungafumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga noku kwincwadana yemigaqo yeTV yakho. Ukuqhagamshela iTV ngetuner eyakhelweyo inala manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Qhagamshela iplagi ye-eriyali kwisokethi efanelekileyo kwiqela lenjongo yeTV. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, faka i-eriyali ngokusondeleyo kwifestile ngokusemandleni, ukuyijika kwicala lenqaba yokuhambisa.
2. Isokethi ye-eriyali yonyulwe njenge-RF IN. Ngoku ungavula iTV kwaye uvule amajelo edijithali.

Ulungelelwaniso lwezandla lwamajelo edijithali: https://youtu.be/BAtDLqBGlOk

Ukuqhagamshela i-digital set-top box kwi-TV ngaphandle kwe-tuner

Kumamkeli kamabonakude aphelelwe lixesha, akukho modyuli edityanisiweyo yedijithali ye-DVB-T2. Ngesi sizathu, uya kufuna i- digital set-top box yangaphandle . Phakathi kweempawu ezininzi zolu hlobo lwezixhobo, ezona zidumileyo zezi:

• D-umbala;
• Lumax;
• iconbit.

Iindleko zebhokisi ezimiselweyo zihluka ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-5 eyiwaka elingamawaka, kuxhomekeke kubukho okanye ukungabikho kwemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo kuyo. Ukuxhuma kwi-TV endala, nayiphi na i-DVB-T2 i-receiver ene-RCA output (“tulips”) ifanelekile.

Imiyalelo yoqhagamshelo:

1. Qhagamshela imveliso ye-digital set-top box kunye negalelo leTV nge-RCA cable. Qhagamshela iplagi ye-eriyali kwisokethi efanelekileyo kwiphaneli yomamkeli we-DVB-T2. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, fakela i-eriyali kufutshane nefestile kwaye uyijikise kwicala leziko likamabonakude.
2. I-eriya jack kwi-set-top box ikhethwe njenge-RF IN, kunye nezihlanganisi ze-RCA kuzo zombini umamkeli kunye ne-TV zibhalwe iVidiyo kunye ne-Audio. Uxhulumaniso lwenziwa ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana nokumakishwa kombala wezinto ezidibanisayo, nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yeziteshi zomsindo, ukugcinwa kwayo akubalulekanga kangako. Ngoku unokuvula izixhobo kwaye uqhubeke noqwalaselo lwayo.

Ukuseta izixhobo

Ukuseta umabonakude wedijithali wehla ikakhulu ekukhangeleni nasekuhleleni amajelo. Zombini kwibhokisi yokumisela kunye nakwi-TV enemodyuli edibeneyo ye-DVB-T2, oku kulula ukwenza kwimodi ezenzekelayo. Ukumisela imiyalelo:

1. Yiya kwimenyu yeTV okanye yedijithali iseti-top ibhokisi. Indlela yokwenza oku kufuneka iboniswe kwincwadana yomsebenzisi yesixhobo sakho. Yiya kwi “TV” ithebhu kwaye uvule uphendlo lwetshaneli oluzenzekelayo.
2. Khetha “i-DTV” okanye “i-ATV kunye ne-DTV” ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli yebhokisi yakho yokuseta okanye i-TV. Inkqubo yokuskena kunye nokufaka imijelo iya kuqala.

I-Analog terrestrial TV yinto yakudala. Kwintsimi yaseRashiya, ii-multiplexes ezimbini zedijithali kunye ne-TV ye-20 kunye neziteshi zerediyo ezi-3 sele zisebenza, zisasaza kwii-frequencies ze-470-820 MHz. Zinokufunyanwa kuyo nayiphi na iTV enemodyuli eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi okanye yangaphandle ye-DVB-T2.