I-OneWeb eRussia: umlando wokwakheka nokuthuthukiswa kwe-2025

I-OneWeb (phambilini eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-WorldVu) yibhizinisi elizinze e-UK elethula amasathelayithi azungezayo asebenzela ukunikeza ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okubanzi kubasebenzisi kunoma yikuphi emhlabeni.

Umlando wokuvela nokuthuthukiswa kwe-Oneweb

Ekuqaleni, ngo-2017, i-joint venture ye-Oneweb kanye nenkampani ye-Gonets satellite joint-stock yahlelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi ezweni lethu kusetshenziswa amasathelayithi asebenza ngesivinini esikhulu. Ekuqaleni, i-OneWeb yayinesabelo esingu-60% ebhizinisini elihlanganyelwe, kodwa ngo-2019, ingxenye yobunikazi enhlokodolobha egunyaziwe yehla yaya ku-49% maqondana nomhlanganyeli ovela eRussia. Eminyakeni engu-3 edlule, izicelo ezigcwalisiwe zenkampani ye-Anglo-Russian “Oneweb” zokuthenga izinsiza zokuvama ziye zacatshangelwa izikhathi eziningi yiKhomishana Yombuso Yemisakazo YaseRussia (SCRF), kodwa akukho mvume ethathwe kulesi sicelo. . Ngenxa yalokho, isicelo sahoxiswa “sokucaciswa kolwazi olusekelwe ezimweni zomthetho wezwe.” I-OneWeb isanda kumemezela inhloso yayo yokuhoxa ku-OneWeb JV, eyayihlelwe kanye nesistimu yesathelayithi yeGonets ephethwe yiRussia. Lezi zindaba zimenyezelwe yisizindalwazi sesiNgisi esithi “The Daily Telegraph”, sikhuluma ngolwazi oluvela kubamele inkampani.

Izinkinga ze-OneWeb, ukuqothuka

NgoMashi 2020, i-CNews yabhala ngezinqubo zokuqolwa kwe-OneWeb, ezihambisana nezindleko ezinkulu zebhizinisi kanye nesimo esiqinile sokuncintisana samaphrojekthi abalulekile afanayo abanye ababambiqhaza bemakethe i-Amazon ne-SpaceX. Kamuva, inkampani yacela ubuholi besifunda saseNgilandi ngezimali ezibolekiwe ngenani lamaphawundi ayizigidi ezingama-500, cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-645, okungenzeka ukuthi akhishwe ngaphakathi kwenkimbinkimbi yokuhlinzeka ngezimali zamaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene ngama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.2 kusuka kumuntu ngamunye. abaxhasi. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2887” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”]
I-OneWeb low-orbit satellite [/ amazwibela] Ekuqaleni, i-OneWeb yenqatshelwe ukubolekwa imali, nokho, ngemva kokwethulwa kwezinqubo zokuqothuka, abaphathi baseNgilandi kanye nenkampani yezokuxhumana yaseNdiya i-Bharti Global basayine isivumelwano sokwakha inkampani ephethe i-BidCo 100 Ltd. ukuze kuthengwe i-OneWeb engasenamali ngokutshalwa kwezimali kwezigidi ezingu-500 zamaRandi kubo bobabili ababambiqhaza. Maphakathi no-2020, uhlaka lokubamba luwina inkontileka ka-$1 bhiliyoni, futhi ngo-Okthoba 2, 2020, Inkantolo Yokuqothuka KwaseMelika, lapho icala lenhlangano ye-OneWeb lalicatshangelwa khona, ligunyaza isivumelwano sokudlulisela i-OneWeb kuhulumeni wase-UK kanye ne-Bharti Global. Selokhu yasungulwa ngo-2012, i-OneWeb isebenzise cishe u-$3.3 billion ekusebenzeni kusuka kubasekeli abaningi abakhulu abahlanganisa i-Airbus, i-Qualcomm neSoftBank Group. Ngokusho kukaBloomberg, umnikazi wamasheya othize webhizinisi elihlanganyelwe i-BidCo 100 Ltd. izoba nengxenye engu-45% esakhiweni se-OneWeb, u-10% osele uzodluliselwa ezinkampanini ezivele zikhona noma kubantu ngabanye. Kodwa-ke, basenayo inketho yokungasivumeli leso sivumelwano sokuthengiswa kwe-BidCo 100 Ltd. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi amacala okuqothuka ngokwenqubo aqalwa emuva ehlobo lika-2020, i-OneWeb yahlela ukuqongelela amaRandi ayizigidi eziyi-140 ukuze kwenziwe esizeni imishini yesathelayithi ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ze-OneWeb Satellites eziseFlorida, eMelika, eyakhiwa kanye ne-Airbus. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2888” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”] u-10% osele uzodluliselwa ezinkampanini ezivele zikhona noma kubantu ngabanye. Kodwa-ke, basenayo inketho yokungasivumeli leso sivumelwano sokuthengiswa kwe-BidCo 100 Ltd. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi amacala okuqothuka ngokwenqubo aqalwa emuva ehlobo lika-2020, i-OneWeb yahlela ukuqongelela amaRandi ayizigidi eziyi-140 ukuze kwenziwe esizeni imishini yesathelayithi ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ze-OneWeb Satellites eziseFlorida, eMelika, eyakhiwa kanye ne-Airbus. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2888” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”] u-10% osele uzodluliselwa ezinkampanini ezivele zikhona noma kubantu ngabanye. Nokho, basenayo inketho yokungasivumeli leso sivumelwano sokuthengiswa kwe-BidCo 100 Ltd. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amacala okuqothuka ngokwenqubo aqalwa emuva ehlobo lika-2020, i-OneWeb yahlela ukuqongelela amaRandi ayizigidi eziyi-140 ukuze kwenziwe esizeni imishini yesathelayithi endaweni yokukhiqiza ye-OneWeb Satellites eseFlorida, eMelika, eyakhiwa kanye ne-Airbus. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2888” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”] I-OneWeb ihlele ukuqoqa amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-140 ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi wokwenziwa kwesathelayithi endaweni yokukhiqiza i-OneWeb Satellites etholakala eFlorida, eMelika, eyasungulwa nge-Airbus. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2888” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”] I-OneWeb ihlele ukuqoqa amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-140 ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi wokwenziwa kwesathelayithi endaweni yokukhiqiza i-OneWeb Satellites etholakala eFlorida, eMelika, eyasungulwa nge-Airbus. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2888” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”]
Ifektri ye-OneWeb Satellites eFlorida, e-USA [/ amazwibela] Engxenyeni yesi-3 ka-2020, i-OneWeb ifuna enkantolo ukuthola umthombo osizayo wezimali ngenani lama- $ 235 wezigidi (ukudluliswa oku-6 kusuka ku-$ 15 million kuya ku-$ 65 million ngaphambi ekupheleni kuka-2020) ukuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa umlaza wezinhlelo zesathelayithi. Inkantolo ayizange iphikise ukuxhasa ngezimali i-OneWeb ngemali eyengeziwe engu-$9.75 million yokusekelwa, okwaba isiqinisekiso se-Arianespace. Le mali yasiza ekuqaliseni ukuhlela ukwethulwa kwamasathelayithi e-OneWeb kusetshenziswa iziqhumane zamarokhethi ze-Soyuz. Ngokombhalo wesabelomali oboniswe ekuxazululeni kokuqothuka, abaphathi be-OneWeb bahlele ukusebenzisa amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-133 ukwakha izinhlelo zesathelayithi ezintsha phakathi ne-Q4 2020. Enye i-$ 37 million izosetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukwethulwa kokufakwa emkhathini. Ezinye izindleko zenzelwe amaholo abasebenzi,

Ukufaka amasathelayithi ku-orbit

Ngokusekelwe olwazini olumayelana nenkontileka echitshiyelwe phakathi kwe-Arianespace ne-OneWeb, ngenxa yalokho, ukuthuthukiswa nokuthunyelwa kwamasathelayithi e-OneWeb kuzokwehla ngokuthunyelwa okungu-3.
Ekugcineni, i-Arianespace ihlela ukwethulwa kwe-16 emkhathini kwe-OneWeb isebenzisa iziqhumane zerokhethi ze-Soyuz, esisodwa kuphela kuzo esizothatha amasistimu wesathelayithi angama-35 emkhathini. Ezi-2 kwezingu-16 ze-Soyuz zizonikwa amandla yimishini yesethelayithi ye-OneWeb eyethulwe e-European Space Center e-Guiana, eminye evela e-Baikonur kanye neplathifomu ye-Vostochny. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2890” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”]
I-Soyuz-2.1b enamasistimu e-OneWeb angama-34 ngaphambi kokwethulwa. I-Baikonur, Q1 2020 [/ amazwibela] Ngenxa yalokho, kuhlelwe ukuhlela iqembu lesikhala le-OneWeb lamadivayisi angama-650 abafuna ukuwaqeda ngoDisemba 2022. I-OneWeb manje isikhiphe amasathelayithi angu-74 e-orbit broadband emkhathini.

Amathemba nezinhlelo

Ngokusekelwe kusixazululo se-OneWeb esilungisiwe, ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-inthanethi kusetshenziswa umlaza wesathelayithi kwakuzoqala ngo-2021, ngokuthunjwa kwezindawo zeplanethi etholakala enyakatho, okuhlanganisa i-Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Great Britain, ezinye izindawo ze-Arctic Ocean, kanye nengxenye esenyakatho yeYurophu. Amasistimu esathelayithi e-OneWeb anamabhethri angu-2 anikwa amandla yilanga kanye ne-plasma motor athunyelwa emzileni oyi-1,200 km ngaphezu kwendawo yomhlaba, impilo ehleliwe yomshini othile cishe iminyaka emi-5. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_2880” align = “aligncenter” wide = “893”]
Ukwethulwa kwamasathelayithi ewebhu ngokulandelana kwezikhathi [/ amazwibela] NgoMeyi 2020, i-CNews iphinde yadlulisela ulwazi mayelana nezinqumo zamanje ze-OneWeb zokwandisa iqembu le-orbital lezinhlelo zesathelayithi ze-inthanethi ziye ku-48,000. Ukwenza lokhu, inkampani yathumela isicelo esidingekayo ku-FC sokuxhumana ngocingo e-United States (FCC) Intshisekelo yokwandisa uhlelo lwamasathelayithi ku-OneWeb yachazwa ukwanda kwesidingo sezinsiza ze-inthanethi ngenxa yezinyathelo ezivimbelayo ezisungulwe emhlabeni jikelele. emhlabeni ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala kokutheleleka nge-Covid 19.

Ukuxhumanisa abasebenzisi emadolobheni akude namadolobhana ku-inthanethi ye-broadband

Abasebenzisi abasezindaweni ezikude ze-Russian Federation nakwamanye amazwe omhlaba bangaxhuma i-TV yesimanje, ifoni, i-PC noma i-laptop kumasathelayithi ngokusebenzisa itheminali yesathelayithi ye-OneWeb eshibhile, ehlanganisa isitsha sesathelayithi, umamukeli kanye ne-Wi- Iyunithi yokuxhumana ye-Fi / LTE / 3G. Abasebenzi besathelayithi kuphela abangathenga ngokusemthethweni imishini ye-Oneweb eRussia ngo-2021, isimo ngokuqothuka kwesikhashana kwenkampani, iCovid isashubile.

I-OneWeb Satellites njengengxenye

Ukuze ihlele i-inthanethi ngamasistimu esathelayithi ezweni lonke, i-Oneweb LLC izamile ukuthola amaza adingekayo phakathi kuka-14-30 GHz (Earth – space). Ekupheleni kuka-2017, Ikhomishana Yombuso Ye-Radio Engineering Frequencies (SCRF) yenqabe isicelo se-Oneweb. Isiphetho saleso sinqumo sokwenqaba kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi kwakusenesicelo samafrikhwensi aceliwe enkampanini ye-Express-RV, eyayihlela ukunikeza ukuxhumana okuzinzile ezifundeni zase-Arctic. Ekuqaleni kuka-2019, inkampani ye-Cosmic Svyaz, ebhekele ukudlula izigaba zephrojekthi ye-Express-RV, yathola amaza adingekayo, naphezu kokuthi i-Roscosmos ayizange ivume leso sinqumo. Engxenyeni yesi-4 ye-2018, i-Federal Security Service yezwe (FSB) ayizange ivumelane nokufakwa kohlangothi lwaseRussia kuphrojekthi ye-OneWeb. Ngokusho kwemithombo ye-ejensi, inethiwekhi yesathelayithi ivame ukusetshenziswa kwezobunhloli, okulimaza ukuvikelwa kombuso waseRussia. Phakathi kokunye, amasosha abheka ukwethulwa kwephrojekthi enjalo njengosongo olungase lube yingozi ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo kwama-opharetha eselula aseRussia, okufaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezingenabantu futhi okunzima ukudlula kuzo, kanye nokwenza izakhamizi zibe yisibopho sokuxhumana namanye amazwe. amasevisi.
Njengesinye isixazululo semisebenzi ku-OneWeb, i-FSB yabeka phambili umbono wokuhlela uhlelo lwayo lwezokuxhumana ngesathelayithi nokufakwa kweChina ne-India, engenzi imisebenzi enonya ngokumelene nezwe lethu. Inhloko yeRoskosmos, uDmitry Rogozin, wagcizelela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlela iphrojekthi enjalo ngaphandle kohlangothi lwaseRussia, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yalokho, ilahlekelwa ithuba lokuthonya isimo ngandlela-thile. Ekuqaleni konyaka wezi-2019, kwaba sobala ukuthi iKomidi Lombuso Le-Radio Frequencies liyakwenqabela ukungeniswa kwemishini yokugcina edingekayo ekuxhumaneni kwamaselula ngamasathelayithi eRussia kubantu abangahlobene nezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuxhumana. I-OneWeb, ngokusho kweReuters, inezinhlelo zokufinyelela isisombululo sokuvumelana neziphathimandla zaseRussia, ukunciphisa isabelo sayo empahleni yebhizinisi elihlanganyelwe ngaphansi kwesibalo esibekiwe. NgoFebhuwari 2019, le nkampani izoba ngaphansi kokuqondisa kweRussia. Isabelo se-Roskosmos ku-OneWeb sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-51%, kanti isabelo se-OneWeb sehle safinyelela ku-49%. Ngo-Agasti 2019, i-Oneweb JV yahoxisa isicelo sayo sokutholwa kwamafrikhwensi ezweni isikhathi esithile ukuze iqedele umsebenzi ngesisekelo sezimo zamanje zomthetho waseRussia.

Izimbangi in the Russian Federation kanye nomhlaba

Izimbangi ezinkulu zenkampani yi-Amazon, enesixazululo sayo se-Kuiper futhi yamenyezelwa engxenyeni yesibili ka-2019, kanye ne-SpaceX, eyakhiwe ngu-Elon Musk, naye onamasheya kumenzi wezimoto zikagesi uTesla, oqala ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi yakhe ye-intanethi ye-satellite. .

Izindaba zokugcina

Iqoqo elisha lamasathelayithi okuxhumana e-OneWeb eNgilandi lalethwa eVostochny Cosmodrome ukuze kwethulwe okuhleliwe ngoMeyi. “Izisetshenziswa zasemkhathini ezingama-36 zebhizinisi le-OneWeb zilethwe esikhumulweni sezindiza i-Ignatievo, esiseBlagoveshchensk, endizeni i-An-124-100,” kufundeka imininingwane ekwisizindalwazi senhlangano yombuso iRoscosmos. Ngokwehlukana, kuqokonyiswa ukuthi impahla yafika e-cosmodrome, iphelezelwa ochwepheshe besikhungo sasemkhathini saseVostochny. Ukwethulwa kwe-Oneweb evela eVostochny Cosmodrome ngo-Ephreli 26, 2021: https://youtu.be/gU3CQtLXOc8 Kubaluleke kakhulu emnothweni waseRussia ukuthi kube nezinkampani eziningi ezifana ne-OneWeb, izwe lethu lizothuthuka ngokushesha, ngoba manje ijubane ye-inthanethi kanye nokuhlanganisa satellite ukuxhumana kuncike kakhulu.