Federal State Unitary Enterprise Space Communications: mbiri ndi ziyembekezo zachitukuko, kuwundana kwa satellite

Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Communications” (GP KS), eng. Russian Satellite Communications Company (RSCC) ndi kampani yolumikizirana ndi boma, tsamba lovomerezeka la https://www.rscc.ru/. Zochita kwa zaka zopitilira 50:
Ili ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri la ma satelayiti a geostationary mdziko muno – zida 12, komanso malo 5 olumikizirana mlengalenga omwe ali m’malo osiyanasiyana mdziko muno. Izi zimathandiza kuti RSCC ipereke chidziwitso padziko lonse lapansi ndikupereka mitundu yonse ya mauthenga a satana osati kwa ogula aku Russia okha, komanso mabungwe ochokera ku mayiko akunja a 58. [id id mawu = “attach_3872” align = “aligncenter” wide = “1024”]
Russian Satellite Communications Company[/caption]

Mbiri yachitukuko

Mbiri ya FSUE “Space Communications” inayamba mu 1957, ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa satelayiti yoyamba ya Soviet kupita kudziko lapansi. M’zaka za m’ma 1960, mauthenga a satana adapangidwa mwakhama ku Soviet Union. Choncho, mu 1965, “Molniya-1” satellite inayambika mu kanjira kwambiri elliptical, mothandizidwa ndi kuwulutsa experimental mapulogalamu TV ndi magawo telefoni. Ndipo patapita zaka 2, masiteshoni 20 a Orbita anali kugwira ntchito m’dzikolo, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuulutsa mawailesi akanema pa wailesi yakanema nthaŵi zonse.

November 4, 1967 – tsiku chiyambi cha okhazikika TV kuwulutsa kudzera Kanema dongosolo “Orbita” – amatengedwa kubadwa kwa RSCC. Ngakhale kuti lamulo lovomerezeka la “Space Communications Station” linaperekedwa ndi Unduna wa Zakulumikizana wa Soviet patatha chaka chimodzi. Ndipo bungweli linalandira udindo wa bungwe la federal state unitary mu April 2001.

Nthawi zofunika kuchokera ku mbiri ya RSCC:

• 1976 – kukhazikitsidwa kwa satellite yoyamba yowulutsa mwachindunji “Ekran”;
• 1980 – bungwe la Kanema wailesi ya Moscow Olympic;
• 1998 – chiyambi cha mgwirizano ndi wopanga zoweta zaukadaulo wa danga NPO PM ndi French kampani Alcatel kupanga ndi kupereka payloads kwa satellites mawonekedwe atsopano Express-A;
• 2000 – kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma satellites awiri a Express-A mu orbit, chiyambi cha kukonzanso kwa gulu la nyenyezi la satellite la Russia;
• 2009 – pa Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse wa Paris pa Satellite Communications, RSCC idalandira udindo wa mtsogoleri wapa satellite wopambana wa chaka;
• 2014 – 2015 – kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma satelayiti asanu ndi awiri atsopano a Express-A mndandanda mu orbit, kuwonjezeka kwa gwero la kuwundana kwa satellite yapanyumba ndi nthawi 2.5;
• 2017 – WTA idaphatikizanso FSUE “Space Systems” pamatelefoni asanu omwe akukula mwachangu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso mu TOP-20 yama satellite oyendetsa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Pakadali pano, GP KS ili kale mu TOP-10 ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Oyang’anira kampaniyo akuti cholinga chake ndi kunyadira malo m’makampani asanu apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo cholinga ichi n’chotheka, popeza lero FSUE “Space Systems” ndi wopereka mauthenga a satana kwa mayiko 58 osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi. Tsitsani FSUE Space Systems Innovative Development Programme: FSUE Space Communications Development Program

Zambiri za kampaniyo

Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Communications” imagwira ntchito pazilolezo za boma:

• No. 928K – pakukhazikitsa ntchito zamlengalenga;
• 181604 – kupereka ntchito zoyankhulirana m’gawo la Russian Federation;
• 140430 – popereka chithandizo choyankhulirana pawailesi pamlengalenga m’gawo la Russian Federation.

Ndisanayiwale! Mndandanda wathunthu wa zilolezo zovomerezeka za bungwe zitha kupezeka patsamba lake lovomerezeka, mugawo la “Company” – https://www.rscc.ru/about/#documents.

Pofuna kusunga kayendetsedwe ka masiteshoni ndi ntchito yomanga malo atsopano, RSCC imagwiranso ntchito yomanga ndi kupanga. Kuti izi zitheke, kampaniyo idalowa nawo m’mabungwe odzilamulira okha NP ProektSvyaz Telecom ndi NP StroySvyaz Telecom. Mabungwewa ali ndi zilolezo zofunikira pakupanga ndi ntchito zomanga zazikulu.

Zofunika! Likulu lovomerezeka la FSUE “Space Systems” ndi 100,097,000 rubles.

Ofesi yaikulu ya GP KS ili ku Moscow pa adiresi ya Nikoloyamsky per., 3a, nyumba 1. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kampaniyo ili ndi nthambi za 5 (ndizonso malo olankhulana mlengalenga) ndi malo opangira luso. Ma adilesi awo:

• luso pakati Shabolovka – Moscow, St. Shabolovka, 37 nyumba 6;
• CKS Dubna – Moscow dera, Dubna, St. Alexandrovka, wazaka 43;
• CKS Zheleznogorsk – Krasnoyarsk Territory, Zheleznogorsk, St. Krasnoyarskaya, d. 4A;
• CKS Bear Lakes – dera la Moscow, chigawo cha Schelkovsky, mudzi. Bear Lakes, p / o “Bear Lakes”;
• CKS Skolkovo – Moscow dera, Odintsovo chigawo, mudzi. Marfino, Skolkovskoe shosse, 1;
• CKS Khabarovsk – Khabarovsk Territory, Khabarovsk District, ndi. Sergeevka, makilomita 21 a msewu waukulu wa Sarapul, No.

[id id mawu = “attach_3871” align = “aligncenter” wide = “1061”]
FSUE Space Communication Centers[/ mawu]

Ndisanayiwale! Mutha kuwona manambala a foni a nthambi za RSCC ndi magawo abungwe patsamba lake lovomerezeka, mu gawo la “Contacts” – https://www.rscc.ru/about/#contacts.

Kuyambira June 2021, Aleksey Konstantinovich Volin wakhala CEO wa FSUE Kosmicheskaya Svyaz. Asanasankhidwe, adagwira ntchito m’boma la Russia pafupifupi zaka 10 ngati Wachiwiri kwa Nduna ya Digital Development and Telecommunications and Mass Media. Ntchito yaikulu ya Volin panthawiyi inali kusamutsa kuwulutsa kwa TV yaku Russia kuchokera ku analogi kupita ku digito.
Bungwe lolamulira la bungweli limaphatikizaponso:

• Woyamba Wachiwiri General Director – Yuri Valentinovich Prokhorov;
• Woyamba Wachiwiri General Director – Ganin Alexander Anatolyevich;
• Wachiwiri kwa Director General for Development and Operation of Communication Systems – Evgeniy Buidinov;
• wotsogolera ntchito ya kuwundana orbital – Gruzintsev Evgeny Vladimirovich;
• Mtsogoleri wa malo ogulitsa Shabolovka – Yakovlev Alexander Viktorovich;
• wotsogolera CKS Dubna – Duka Alexander Petrovich;
• Mtsogoleri wa CSK Bear Lakes – Artemyev Valery Ivanovich;
• wotsogolera CKS Khabarovsk – Kovalenko Viktor Vasilyevich;
• wotsogolera CKS Skolkovo – Krylov Alexander Mikhailovich;
• Mtsogoleri wa CKS Zheleznogorsk – Muratov Rais Vasilyevich.

Ambiri mwa oimira akuluakulu a RSCC ali ndi maphunziro apadera komanso odziwa zambiri pazochitika za telecommunications ndi satellite communications, mphoto za boma ndi madigiri a maphunziro. Tsitsani tchata cha Federal State Unitary Enterprise Space Communications: Charter of the GP KS

Mndandanda wazinthu zoperekedwa ndi FSUE “Space Systems”

Mndandanda wa ntchito za FSUE “Space Systems” zikuphatikiza:

• wailesi yakanema ya digito ndi wailesi – kuwulutsa kwa federal ndi mwachindunji, kulinganiza zotsogola zapa TV, kupereka nsanja yaukadaulo kwa owulutsa;
• ntchito zoyankhulirana – kuperekedwa kwa gwero la satellite, kuphatikiza ma satellite a Broadband, kubwereketsa njira zoyankhulirana zapa satellite ndi zapadziko lapansi, netiweki ya VSAT, ntchito zoyankhulirana pazombo;
• kuwongolera ndi kuyang’anira ma satelayiti ;
• bungwe lofikira pa intaneti ya Broadband .

Ma satelayiti a kampaniyo amalola kuti azipereka ntchito osati ku Russia kokha, komanso m’maiko ena padziko lapansi. Ndipo maukonde a VSAT omangidwa ndi RSCC amaphimba mokwanira madzi a nyanja ya Arctic ndi Atlantic, Mediterranean, North, Japan, Caspian, Baltic, Okhotsk ndi nyanja zonse zakumpoto akutsuka Russia, kuphatikiza Northern Sea Route. [id id mawu = “attach_3876” align = “aligncenter” wide = “1011”]
Zida Zolumikizirana[/caption]

gulu la nyenyezi

Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Space Systems” ili ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri la nyenyezi ku Russia, lomwe lili ndi magalimoto 12. Ma satellite a geostationary a RSCC amagwira ntchito m’magulu a C, Ku, Ka ndi L. mpaka 140 ° E, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti akwaniritse gawo lonse la Russian Federation, komanso mayiko a CIS, Middle East, Europe, dera la Asia-Pacific, Africa, Australia ndi North ndi South America.

[id id mawu = “attach_3870” align = “aligncenter” wide = “980”]
Satellite ndi siteshoni yapansi[/ mawu]

Zomangamanga zapansi

FSUE “Space Systems” ili ndi maziko okulirapo, omwe amaphatikiza malo olumikizirana mlengalenga 5 ndi malo amodzi a satana. Chigawo chapakati cha dongosololi ndi luso lapamwamba la Shabolovka, lomwe limagwirizanitsa CKS ndi malo ochezera a satana ndi malo osinthira Russian ndi mayiko ku Moscow. Ntchito zazikulu za Shabolovka Center :

• kupanga, kulinganiza, kasinthidwe, masanjidwe ndi kusintha kwa njira zama digito ndi njira;
• kukonza gawo lapadziko lapansi la mauthenga a satana;
• kukonza maukonde olankhulana a SE CC;
• kukonza ndi kuyang’anira maukonde a kampani;
• kugwirizana kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ku mautumiki oyankhulana.

CKS Dubna idakhazikitsidwa ku 1980, ndipo lero ndi teleport yayikulu kwambiri ku Russian Federation ndipo ikuphatikizidwa mu TOP yaku Europe yama teleport akuluakulu. Zokhala ndi:

• 24 ma transceiver earth station okhala ndi tinyanga kuchokera pa 2.4 mpaka 32 metres pokonzekera njira zoyankhulirana;
• 27 ma transceiver earth station owongolera ndege ndi ma telemetry;
• Malo 11 oyezera ndi kuwunika;
• 2 yodziyimira payokha CHIKWANGWANI chamawonedwe kulankhulana mizere 20 Gbps;
• 4 ma feeder apamwamba kwambiri.

ZKS Zheleznogorsk imakhala ngati malo amphamvu a kum’mawa kwa gulu la nyenyezi la FSUE “Space Systems”. Ntchito yake inayamba mu 2004. MCC imayang’anira ndi kuyang’anira ma satellites omwe ali kuyambira 32 ° mpaka 154 ° E. Zokhala ndi:

• Masiteshoni 10 oyezera ndi ma telemetry kuti alandire telemetry, kudziwa komwe kuli ndege zamlengalenga ndikuwongolera;
• Malo 7 oyezera ndi kuwunika;
• 3 ma transceiver earth station kuti apereke kulumikizana pakati pa MCCs;
• 4 kusungirako malo olandirira ndi kutumizirana mawailesi yakanema ndi wailesi ku Siberia ndi Far East;
• Masiteshoni 5 olandila ndikulandila kuti apereke mauthenga kwa ogula;
• 2 fiber optic kulankhulana mizere;
• 2 ma feeder apamwamba kwambiri.

CKS Bear Lakes idakhazikitsidwa mu 1967. Masiku ano imagwira ntchito ngati nsanja yoperekera ma TV ndi ma telecommunication kwa makasitomala a SE CU. Komanso m’dera la likulu pali zosunga zobwezeretsera psinjika pakati, amene ntchito yake ndi kuonetsetsa kupitiriza kuulutsa pa TV ngati zida kulephera pa Shabolovka.
CKS Skolkovo idakhazikitsidwa mu Disembala 2003. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mapulatifomu a satana akugwira ntchito, komanso kulandila deta kuchokera ku ma satelayiti mu arc kuchokera ku 27 ° W. mpaka 102 ° E Kuti muchite izi, Center ili ndi:

• 8 malo otumizira mipiringidzo yambiri;
• 33 zokhazikika komanso zobwezeretsedwanso kulandira tinyanga kuchokera ku 2.5 mpaka 6.3 metres;
• Malo osungirako zosungirako zamlengalenga;
• 2 mizere yolumikizana yodziyimira payokha ya fiber optic.

TsKS Khabarovsk – teleport yaikulu ku Far East – inakhazikitsidwa mu 2004. Ntchito zake zikuphatikiza kukonza njira zoyankhulirana za satellite, kuthandizira kuwulutsa pawailesi yakanema ndi wailesi ndi ma netiweki a VSAT. Kuti izi zitheke, malowa ali ndi ma 20 satellite communication transceiver stations okhala ndi tinyanga kuchokera ku 2.4 mpaka 9 metres, komanso zida za telemetry, mayeso a orbital, satellite transponder load control. Satellite communication station Vladimir mu 1971, ndipo mu 2009 anadutsa pansi pa ulamuliro wa GP KS. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zotsatirazi:

• Kupereka ntchito zoyankhulirana za satellite mu C-, Ku- ndi L-band;
• kulumikizana kwa mafoni;
• kuthandizira njira zoulutsira pa TV ndi wailesi;
• Kupereka mauthenga aboma am’manja;
• kuwongolera ndi kuwongolera kwa telemetric kwa ma satelayiti a mndandanda wa Express-AM pamalo oyambira 20 ° W. mpaka 103 ° E

Choncho, maziko a FSUE “Space Systems”, kuphatikizapo mphamvu za gulu la nyenyezi la satana, amalola kampaniyo kupereka mauthenga a satana osati kwa ogula aku Russia m’dziko lonselo, komanso kwa makasitomala akunja.