I-Antenna amplifier ye-TV: isimiso sokusebenza, ukukhetha, i-DIY

Inkinga yesignali ye-TV engaqinile ngokwanele, ngenxa yokuthi ikhwalithi yesithombe kusikrini se-TV iyancipha, ixazululwa ngosizo lwe-amplifier yesignali evela ku-antenna ye-TV. Ungakhetha idivayisi efanelekile esilinganisweni sethu samamodeli angcono kakhulu noma, uma unolwazi oluthile, zenzele idivayisi enjalo.

Yini i-TV Antenna Amplifier?

I-amplifier kamabonakude iyithuluzi lokukhulisa isignali kamabonakude nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka, okunikeza isithombe esingcono. Idivayisi isiza ukukhulisa ukuzwela, ikhawulelwe imiphumela yomsindo, futhi inxephezele ukulahlekelwa kwesignali kamabonakude etholiwe kukhebuli ye-coaxial. https://youtu.be/GI89hrNQ-BA

Izici zokuklama ze-amplifier zothi

Izikhulisi zezimpondo zethelevishini zilula futhi zingahluka ngomklamo, zingakhulisa kokubili amasignali edijithali ne-analog. Kwezinye izimo, akhiwa amabhodi amabili anesekethe yokunciphisa umsindo esetshenzisiwe. Isifunda esisodwa siyisihlungi se-high-frequency, eyesibili ine-capacitor elawula imvamisa. Isilawuli sisiza ukuthola inzuzo enkulu yesignali ye-TV engu-4.7 dB nefrikhwensi yokusebenza engu-400 MHz. Ukuze bathole ukuzinza, basebenzisa i-stabilizer ene-electrolyte kanye nebhuloho le-diode elifakwe kumjikelezo walo. I-amplifier ixhunywe kumamukeli we-TV kusetshenziswa i-capacitor. Wonke ama-amplifiers we-antenna afakwe amandla kagesi, kuphela indawo yendawo yayo ehlukile (eyakhelwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle). Idivayisi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi isebenza kahle nge-voltage kagesi ezinzile futhi izosebenzisa kufika ku-10 V. Uma i-fixture isha, uzodinga ukuthi ufake kabusha yonke i-antenna. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lapho kukhona ukukhuphuka kwamandla, kuzoba lula ukusebenzisa amayunithi angaphandle. Zikhudlwana ngosayizi futhi zine-voltage yokufaka ehlukile kuye nge-amplifier (5, 12, 18, 24 V).

Ukwahlukanisa

Kumagagasi asemhlabeni eziteshi ze-TV, kusetshenziswa ububanzi bemitha (MV) kanye ne-decimeter (UHF). Esimweni sokuqala, imvamisa ye-30-300 MHz isetshenziswa, kanti okwesibili – 300-3000 MHz. Ngokuya ngobubanzi bemvamisa etholiwe, i-amplifier ingaba:

• i -broadband – ukumboza i-wide wave spectrum;
• ububanzi – isebenzisa ububanzi bemitha noma idesimitha ukuze isebenze;
• i- multibanddesigned kuzo zombili izigaba.

Esimweni esivamile, ngesignali enhle, i-broadband amplifier yanele. Ngokungamukeli kahle, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa idivayisi eqondiswe kancane, eyenza indima yayo ebangeni elithile kangcono kune-broadband.

Ukusakaza ngedijithali kwenziwa kusetshenziswa indinganiso ye-
DVB-T2 . Eziteshini ze-TV zedijithali, kusetshenziswa ububanzi be-UHF kuphela, ngakho-ke i-amplifier ye-TV yedijithali yezinga le-DVB-T2 ifanele ukusakazwa kwe-TV yedijithali. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antenna amplifier kumabonakude wedijithali we-DVB-T2: https://youtu.be/oLRaiYPj6sQ Amplifiers nazo ziyahluka ngokuya nge-voltage edingekayo:

1. Ama- volts ayishumi nambili ajwayelekile kakhulu. Bazodinga ukungezwa kwamandla kagesi, okuthi kwezinye izimo kungalawulwa.
2. I-Five- volt ingaxhunywa kushuna ye-TV noma i-TV kusetshenziswa intambo ye-coaxial. Njengomthetho, zilungiswa ku-antenna.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwethelevishini, amadivaysi okukhulisa izwi ahlukaniswa ngohlelo olulandelayo:

• uthi;
• isathelayithi;
• ikhebula.

Ama-amplifiers ekhebula nesathelayithi asetshenziswa kuyaqabukela, ngoba avele adlulisele isignali yekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi i-amplifier isetshenziselwa umabonakude wekhebula uma ikhebula lixhunywe kuma-TV amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Imishini yokukhulisa i-antenna isetshenziswa kaningi.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwezikhulisi zesignali ye-TV

Uma usetha inethiwekhi yethelevishini yasekhaya, kufanele ukhumbule: uma usebenzisa ama-circuits amaningi akhulisayo, khona-ke kuzoba nokuhlanekezela okubalulekile kokusakazwa kwevidiyo. Kulokhu, inani lama-antenna amplifiers kufanele ligcinwe lincane.

Izici ze-amplifier zifaka:

• ikhono lokwamukela ngisho nezimpawu ze-TV ezibuthakathaka;
• ukuba khona kwama-coefficients amancane omsindo;
• ithuba lokukhulisa isignali ngesikhathi esisodwa kububanzi befrikhwensi amaningana.

Ububi bemishini yokukhulisa i-amplifying yilezi:

• uma kusetshenziswa i-broadband amplifier, kukhona ithuba lokulayisha ngokweqile izinga lesignali ye-TV evumelekile, ngakho-ke kufanele ifakwe isilawuli sezigaba ezahlukene ukuze kuqedwe lokho kuhlupha;
• self-excitability yedivayisi;
• ukuthambekela kokuduma kwezulu;
• Amathuba okulahleka kwesignali ye-TV kokuphumayo.

Ama-amplifiers alungisa isignali esuka othini iye ku-TV. Kulokhu, ukukhetha kuthonywa indawo kanye nesidingo semishini kamabonakude. I-amplifier ku-antenna ye-TV ngaphandle kwedolobha isiza ukuxazulula inkinga enzima yokuthola isignali yekhwalithi ephezulu yethelevishini.

Inqubo eyinhloko yokukhetha ama-amplifiers esignali kamabonakude

I-amplifier ye-antenna yethelevishini ikhethwa ngokuya ngemibandela yobuchwepheshe yedivayisi futhi ngokuhambisana nezici zangaphandle (isibonelo, indawo kanye nezimo zokufaka). Okubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela izici ezithinta ikhwalithi yesignali yethelevishini, lapho bephendukela ekusebenziseni amadivaysi engeziwe.

Ibanga lefrikhwensi yokusebenza

Kunamadivayisi amathathu ahlotshaniswa nebanga lefrikhwensi: i-TV,
uthi , kanye ne-amplifier. Okokuqala, kukhethwa uthi. Kulokhu kukhethwa, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ukuphakama kokuqondiswa kancane kunobubanzi obubanzi ngokwamandla esignali. Uma i-repeater itholakala eduze nendawo yokwamukela abantu, khona-ke “i-wave yonke” ifanelekile, ekwazi ukumboza ububanzi obubanzi. Ukwamukela isignali evela kumbhoshongo we-TV oqhelile kuzofezeka kusetshenziswa idivayisi eguqulelwe ebangeni elilinganiselwe lefrikhwensi (isibonelo, i-VHF noma i-UHF).

Ngokuhambisana nempendulo yemvamisa ye-antenna, i-amplifier ikhethiwe. Uma ububanzi bungafani, idivayisi ekhona ngeke ikwazi ukusebenza.

Isibalo somsindo

Ngosizo lwe-amplifier, isilinganiso sesignali-kuya-noise kufanele silungiswe phezulu. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi idivayisi ngayinye ithola umsindo wayo ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwedatha, njengoba isignali ikhula, nazo ziba zibaluleke kakhulu. Kuyavunywa ngokujwayelekile ukuthi inani lomsindo akumele libe ngaphezu kuka-3 dB. Kungaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo kuphela lapho singakhuluma ngeziqinisekiso zekhwalithi enhle yokudluliswa kwesignali ye-TV. Nokho, amadivayisi amasha angase abe nenani eliphansi lika-2 dB.

Inzuzo

Ukuba khona kwe-coefficient ephezulu ngangokunokwenzeka akuqinisekisi ikhwalithi yokudlulisela engcono kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokukhulisa ngokweqile, isignali ye-TV izohlanekezelwa ngomphumela ophambene (ukusika noma ukulayisha ngokweqile). I-dB isetshenziselwa ukukala ipharamitha, futhi amanani ayo aphakathi yilawa:

• i-decimeter – kusuka ku-30 ​​kuya ku-40 dB;
• imitha – 10 dB.

Kulokhu kulandela ukuthi i-decimeter izoba nokufakwa kweziteshi ze-TV ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-60, futhi imitha – ayikho ngaphezu kwe-12. Ngokunyuka kwenzuzo ngo-15-20 dB, singakhuluma ngomphumela omuhle.

Lapho ukhetha i-amplifier nge-factory, udinga ukusekelwe ezimweni zangempela kanye nezinga lokwamukela. Njengomthetho, ibanga elisuka kumbhoshongo we-TV (i-relay) liyacatshangelwa. Uma umbhoshongo we-TV utholakala kumugqa oqondile wokubuka, khona-ke ukuthengwa kweamplifier akudingekile.

I-antenna esebenzayo noma engenzi lutho

Ama-antenna okwamukela isignali ye-TV angasebenza futhi asebenze:

• i-antenna engenzi lutho ithola isignali kuphela ngenxa yesimo sayo;
• i-amplifier ekhethekile inikezwa i-antenna esebenzayo , okwandisa amandla esignali ewusizo.

I-antenna esebenzayo kufanele inikezwe amandla engeziwe avela kunethiwekhi. Njengomthetho, idivayisi yokukhulisa ixhunywe kusetshenziswa i-adaptha ye-adaptha engu-9 noma engu-12 V. Uma idivayisi itholakala ngaphandle, udinga ukuyimboza emvuleni. Qiniseka ukuthi ucabangela imininingwane esemiyalweni yomkhiqizi isexwayiso mayelana nokwenzeka kokuphazamiseka uma idivayisi ifakwe ngokungalungile. I- passive antenna ingabuye iguqulwe ibe esebenzayo ngokwengeza iamplifier kuyo. Lolu khetho lungaba lula kakhulu kunalapho uthenga i-antenna ngedivayisi yokukhulisa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi – uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwe-amplifier, ingashintshwa kalula. Awukwazi ukuyibeka eduze kwe-antenna ngokwayo, kodwa ku-attic noma ekamelweni, okuzoqinisekisa impilo ende yesevisi yedivayisi.

Zenzele wena i-antenna esebenzayo nge-amplifier ye-TV yedijithali:

https://youtu.be/YfR9TgaDf1Q

TOP 6 Antenna Amplifiers Angcono Kakhulu kuma-TV

Amanye ama-amplifiers adumile ngenxa yobulula bedivayisi yawo, izindleko eziphansi nokufaka kalula. Uma kunesidingo, ungazishintsha futhi uzilungise. Lapho uthenga i-amplifier yangaphandle, udinga ukunakekela ukuqina kwayo. Amadivayisi angaphandle ashintshwa njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma ngabe avikelekile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kungcono ukuzama ukuthola indawo ye-amplifier ngaphansi kophahla.

I-Antenna amplifier F-02

Idivayisi yokukhulisa isiqu samagagasi onke inikwa amandla ikhebula. Yenza ukukhulisa isignali kamabonakude kumitha nebanga ledesimitha ngebanga lokusebenza (1-12 k) kanye ne-UHF (21-60 k). Ukuzuza – kufika ku-25 dB, isibalo somsindo – kufika ku-2 dB, i-voltage yokuhlinzeka – 12 V. Izindleko ezilinganisiwe – ama-ruble angu-350.

Delta UATIP-03 MV+DMV

Ukukhulisa idivayisi ye-broadband ukuze kusetshenziswe umuntu ngamunye kumitha (kusuka eziteshini ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-12) kanye ne-decimeter (amashaneli angama-21 kuye kwangama-69) ububanzi. Ukunikezwa kwamandla 12 V. Izindleko ezilinganiselwe – ama-ruble angu-672.

I-SWA-999 ye-“grid”

Isikhulisi se-antenna yesi-Polish (“igridi”) enobubanzi bemvamisa yokusebenza ukusuka ku-48 ukuya ku-862 MHz kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla okungu-12 V. Gain – 28-34 dB. Izindleko ezilinganiselwe – ama-ruble angu-113. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_376″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”600″]
I-Eurosky SWA-999 Amplifier[/caption] https://youtu.be/QvRGUGq_eOs

I-REMO INDOOR USB (BAS-8102 5V)

Isikhulisi se-antenna esinezinjongo eziningi esiguqula i-antenna ibe esebenzayo futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesikhulisi se-antenna. Ukuzuza – kufika ku-16 dB. Amandla – 5 V. Izindleko ezilinganiselwe – ama-ruble angu-245.

I-REMO Booster-DiGi (BAS-8207)

Isikhulisi se-antenna esinenzuzo emaphakathi yamashaneli angama-21-69. Ukunikezwa kwamandla – 12 V. Isici somsindo – akukho ngaphezu kwe-2.8 dB. Izindleko ezilinganiselwe – ama-ruble angu-425.

Uchungechunge lwe-Planar 21-69 FT

Isikhulisi se-antenna sekhebuli enobubanzi befrikhwensi ukusuka ku-470 ukuya ku-468 MHz kanye nenzuzo engafika ku-22 dB. Ukunikezwa kwamandla – 12 V. Isibalo somsindo – 4 dB. Izindleko ezilinganiselwe zingama-ruble angu-350.

Ungayenza kanjani i-antenna amplifier ye-TV ngezandla zakho?

Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela izinto zokwakha namathuluzi:

• ipuleti le-aluminium;
• ucingo lwethusi;
• ubakaki;
• i-adaptha;
• amantongomane, amabhawodi, amawasha, izikulufu zokuzishaya;
• ikhebula likamabonakude;
• ibhande lenjoloba elivela kugandaganda;
• insulating tape;
• isikrufu ngesando.

Ngisho noma unolwazi lomsebenzi onjalo, ukutadisha okuningiliziwe kwemiyalelo kuyoba usizo kakhulu. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukulandelana kwalezi zenzo kanye nenjongo yemininingwane ngayinye. I-algorithm yezenzo imi kanje:

1. Izimbobo ziyasikwa (ezintathu ku-rubber, eyodwa epuletini).
2. Uzodinga futhi imbobo kubakaki nendawo ye-antenna.
3. Intambo kufanele igotshwe futhi ixhunywe ekugcineni ngesikulufu esizithephayo.
4. Ikhebula lixhunywe ku-adaptha futhi uxhumano luhlukanisiwe.
5. Yonke imininingwane iyahlangana. Ekugcineni, indawo yokunamathisela ikhebula ngocingo ifakwe i-tape kagesi.

Idivaysi yokukhulisa eyenziwe ngokwayo inenye inzuzo – ukuthi akudingekile ukulungisa idivayisi eqediwe. Ixhunywe kalula nje: ibhodi lixhunywe ku-antenna futhi izinga lenzuzo liyahlolwa. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwedivayisi akufanele kube nomsindo ongaphandle. Ku-amplifier, kungcono ukulungisa uhlobo oluthile lokubiyelwa ukuze luvikeleke emathonyeni emvelo. Ukuze uthole isithombe esihle nomsindo, ngeke udinge i-amplifier kuphela, kodwa futhi nokukhetha indawo efanelekile yokufaka. Uzodinga futhi induku yombani. I-Antenna kabhiya ye-TV yedijithali ene-amplifier: https://youtu.be/axJSfcThfSU

Ekuqaleni kokusebenza, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ikhwalithi yokukhulisa isignali yethelevishini, futhi uma izinkinga zenzeka, kufanele ziqedwe ngokushesha.

I-booster ye-antenna ye-TV yakho izokusiza ugweme ukuphazamiseka nezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nokwamukela isignali ye-TV embi. Lapho uthenga idivayisi, udinga ukugxila ezintweni eziningi ezibalulekile, futhi lapho uzenza ngokwakho, ngokulandelana okulungile kwezenzo kanye nokukhetha okunekhono kwendawo yokufaka.