Isitsha sesathelayithi: siyini, siqukethe ini, izinhlobo, ukukhetha

Inzuzo yokuqala futhi ebaluleke kakhulu yokusebenzisa izitsha zesathelayithi yikhono lokubuka iziteshi eziningi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu zezwe. Futhi, izinzuzo zokukhetha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-antenna yesitsha zifaka phakathi ithuba lokukhethwa okubanzi kwamashaneli ahlukene, kodwa emoyeni noma
ngekhebula ithelevishini isakaza kuphela lokho ababukeli abaningi abakubukayo.

Iyini isitsha sesathelayithi futhi sisebenza kanjani

Isitsha sikamabonakude sesathelayithi iyisisetshenziswa esikhethekile esisetshenziselwa ukukwazi ukwamukela amasignali aphuma kusathelayithi. Namuhla, amadivaysi anjalo avame ukutholakala ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, ngoba ngosizo lwesitsha se-satellite ungabuka iziteshi zethelevishini kunoma iyiphi indawo yomhlaba. Wonke umuntu angathenga isidlo se-
satellite TV ngesikhathi samanje, kodwa into eyinhloko lapha ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele komkhiqizo, ngoba beza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3188″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”600″]
Kusebenza kanjani ukudluliswa kwesignali yesathelayithi[/caption]

Umgomo wokusebenza kwesitsha sesathelayithi kanye nedivayisi ye-antenna yokusakaza ithelevishini yesathelayithi

Ukwamukela isignali esitsheni sesathelayithi kwenzeka ngezigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala, isignali ye-TV iyabanjwa futhi igxile endaweni eyodwa. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ibe ne-amplitude enkulu ngokwanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isignali iqala ukukhuliswa futhi icutshungulwe. Ipuleti le-TV liqukethe izinto ezi-2 eziphambili. Lokhu kufaka phakathi
isiguquli kanye ne-deflector. Esokuqala sisebenza ukukhombisa futhi sigxilise imisebe kwifrikhwensi ephezulu, kanti eyesibili iguqula isignali yegagasi ibe ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi okuqondakalayo ezinsizeni zasendlini. Ezinye izingxenye zezitsha zesathelayithi ze-TV ziyasiza. Uhlu lwabo lukhonjiswe encwadini yeziqondiso. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3665” align = “aligncenter” wide = “750”]
Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-TV yesathelayithi [/ amazwibela] Izimpondo ezinjalo zisebenza kalula. I-deflector efakwe ekwakhiweni iqoqa imisebe evela kusathelayithi bese igxila endaweni eyodwa. Kukhona isiguquli esiguqula amandla amaza abe amandla kagesi. Ngesikhathi
sokufakwa kwesitsha sesathelayithi , umsebenzisi ufinyelela ukuqondana kwezikhombisi-ndlela ze-eksisi kanye nokugeleza kwemisebe evela kusathelayithi.

Ukuklama nokuhlelwa kwezitsha zesathelayithi

Ngendlela yendabuko, isitsha sesathelayithi sibukeka njengesitsha ngesimo se-reflector. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ibe nesimo esihle se-
parabolic futhi ingalokothi ikhubazeke ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kanye nangesikhathi sokuhamba nangesikhathi sokufakwa. Uma ikhubazekile, khona-ke ngeke ikwazi ukubamba ngokugcwele igagasi, ngoba enye idatha izolahleka futhi isignali ewumphumela izoba yimbi kakhulu ukunikeza isithombe kumabonakude. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3284” align = “aligncenter” wide = “800”]
Izinhlobo zama-antenna e-parabola [/ amazwibela] Njengomthetho, isibonisi senziwa ngensimbi, isibonelo, insimbi, njengoba le nto ibiza kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sici senziwe nge-aluminium, ngenxa yokuthi le nsimbi cishe ayinakho ukugqwala. Ingaphezulu le-antenna lingenziwa liqine noma libe nembobo. Izitsha zesathelayithi ezinezimbobo eziklanyelwe i-inthanethi kanye/noma ithelevishini aziyibonisi imisebe yelanga futhi ibonakala ngokuncipha komthwalo womoya. Futhi banesisindo esincane, futhi ngokwezimfanelo ezikhanyayo azikho ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sensimbi eqinile. Ekukhiqizeni izitsha ze-satellite, ezinye izinto zingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, i-fiberglass, ipulasitiki, i-polymers. Lezi zitsha kulula ukwenza. Zinesisindo esincane, azikho ngaphansi kokugqwala futhi zingabuyisela isimo sazo sangempela ngemva kokulungisa amaphutha. Igagasi elisuka kusathelayithi lingangena kulezi zinsiza, bese ligxuma kalula ungqimba oluncane lwe-foil noma lwensimbi oluhlanganiswe ocingweni. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3288” align = “aligncenter” wide = “572”]
Gxilisa i-antenna parabolic [/ amazwibela]

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezitsha zesathelayithi ezikhona?

Izitsha zesathelayithi zenziwa ngendlela esenziwe ngomumo ku-opharetha othile ohlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zethelevishini. Kodwa uma kunesidingo sokukhetha ngokuzimela isidlo sokwamukela iziteshi zethelevishini, umthengi akabhekene nje negridi ye-deflector diameters, kodwa futhi nezinye izakhiwo zemodeli ethile. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamapuleti anjalo zingase zifane ngokubukeka nokuma, kodwa zibe nezici zazo ezikhethekile mayelana nokusebenza futhi, yiqiniso, amanani ahlukene. Nokho, ukukhetha okulungile, ngokomthetho, akunzima. Into esemqoka ukuqonda izici eziyinhloko zamamodeli we-antenna ngayinye yokuthola isignali yomsakazo ngemvamisa ephezulu. Izitsha zesathelayithi ezisebenza nge-inthanethi nethelevishini ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, osayizi, ngoba zikhiqizwa ngezindlela eziningi zokubonisa.

Izimpondo eziqondile eziyindilinga

Amamodeli ayindilinga ezitsha zesathelayithi ze-TV ne-inthanethi abizwa ngokuthi akudala. Lo mumo uthathwa njengofanelekile ukuze uthole isignali enhle evela kusathelayithi ekude. Amapuleti ayindilinga enziwe ngamasayizi ahlukene anezinhlobo ezahlukene zokusekela. Ukugqoka amamodeli anjalo kufanele kube bushelelezi futhi kuqhubeke. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3554″ align=”aligncenter” width=”800″]
Isikhombisi-ndlela esiqondiswe ku-offset (kwesokudla) nokugxila okuqondile (kwesokunxele) izitsha[/caption]

amapuleti offset

Izitsha zesathelayithi zohlobo lwe-offset zine-oval deflector. Isibonisi esinjalo senza kube nokwenzeka, ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile, ukuthola isignali emithonjeni emibili noma ngaphezulu. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa komsebenzisi, singasho ukuthi igagasi lokuphuma kwesitsha esinjalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo liphansi kunamamodeli ayindilinga, ngoba ukugqoka okukhanyayo kuncane ku-oval deflector. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugeleza kwesiginali eyamukelwe kusiguquli nakho kuncane. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3562″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”400″]
I- offset Antenna[/caption]

I-Multifocal

Izitsha zesathelayithi ezigxile kakhulu zithola igagasi kumasathelayithi amaningana. Kumadivayisi anjalo, isiguquli esingaphezu kwesisodwa sifakwe. Izinkomba zibalwa ngazodwana. Ngezinye izikhathi babeka i-deflector yakudala kanye neqembu lezibonisi ezikhanyayo.

Mesh izitsha zesathelayithi

Lawa ma-antenna abukeka njengamagridi agobile, okunamathiselwe kuwo izisekelo nesiguquli. Imiklamo enjalo isebenza ezimisweni ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa, ikhombisa isignali futhi ikhiqize ngenxa yokuvela kwe-resonance. Eqinisweni, lezi zidlulisela futhi zamukela izitsha zesathelayithi lapho kusetshenziswa khona umphumela we-wave resonance. Amamodeli ahlangene adumile ngokukhulisa amandla esignali ye-wi-fi. Kukhona nemiklamo equkethe izimpondo ezincane eziphathwayo ezifakwe eklayentini naseziteshini eziphansi zokwamukela isignali. Lena ifomethi yokusakaza ye-T2.

Indlela yokukhetha isitsha sesathelayithi esifanele

Ubukhulu bezimpondo ezithola isignali kwisathelayithi zingahluka. Opharetha bokusakaza banikeza abasebenzisi izimo ezifanayo. Abanye abahlinzeki, njengokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, i-
MTS , basebenzise amayunithi e-antenna ahlukene ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Ngokomgomo wokusebenza kohlelo, kuyacaca ukuthi ubukhulu bezitsha zesathelayithi zidlala yiphi indima. Lapho ingaphezulu elikhanyayo le-deflector lilikhulu, amandla amagagasi engeziwe ewaqoqayo futhi awaqondise kusiguquli. Iziteshi zokusakaza yisathelayithi zivame ukubalwa ngokwemingcele yesilinganiso. Ngakho-ke, endaweni yokwamukela kahle, umsebenzisi angafaka isidlo sakudala esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-60. Ezifundeni lapho isignali iphansi, kungcono ukusebenzisa uthi olune-deflector enobubanzi obungama-90 cm noma ngaphezulu. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3246″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”666″]
Imephu ehlanganisa – usayizi wesitsha wekhwalithi ephezulu yokwamukela isignali yesathelayithi[/caption]

Ukukhetha uthi lwe-inthanethi

Ngemuva kokukhetha u-opharetha we-inthanethi wesathelayithi, kufanele ukhethe “isitsha” esifanele. Empeleni, kulula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, awudingi ukwazi i-physics noma amafomula, futhi asikho isidingo sokubala noma yini. Abathengisi bazokwazi ukukhetha i-antenna efanelekile enekhithi ye-inthanethi yesathelayithi.

Ukukhetha uthi lwe-TV

Uma ufuna ukuthenga indishi yesathelayithi ye-TV yakho, kuzomele ucabangele usayizi wayo. Le parameter ihlobene ngokuqondile nenzuzo yedivayisi. Uma usayizi wayo mkhulu, ipharamitha yokuzuza izoba nkulu. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi usayizi wesitsha ungaphansi kwalowo ovunyelwe ukuthola i-transponder oyifunayo, umlayezo othi “akukho siginali” uzovela esikrinini. Isithombe sizohlukana “sibe yizikwele”, futhi kuzokwenzeka okufanayo uma i-antenna ingashuniwe kahle kwisathelayithi. Ukuze uthole amandla ahlukene wokwamukela isignali yesathelayithi, kudingeka ububanzi besitsha obuhlukene (53 dbW – 0.6 m, 48 dbW – 0.8 m, 45 dbW – 1.0 m, 40 dbW – 1.5 m).

Iyiphi isitsha sesathelayithi esingcono ukukhetha i-inthanethi nethelevishini

Ama-antenna afaneleka kakhulu ukuthola i-TV yesathelayithi ne-inthanethi. Amapuleti e-offset angama-asymmetric cutouts avela ku-paraboloid of revolution, lapho kukhona i-irradiator. Ukugxila kwalesi sakhi kutholakala ngaphansi kwesikhungo sejometri ye-antenna ngokwayo. Le ndawo isusa isithunzi endaweni ewusizo yokuphakela kwe-antenna, kanye nokuthunyelwe kwayo kokusekela. Lokhu kwandisa inkomba yokusebenza ewusizo ngendawo yesibuko esilinganayo. I-irradiator emiklamo enjalo itholakala ngaphansi kwesikhungo sokudonsela phansi kwepuleti. Ngakho-ke, kwandisa ukuzinza kwe-antenna ekuvunguzeni komoya. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3565″ align=”aligncenter” wide=”624″]
Ifaka futhi ilungiselela uthi lwe-offset[/caption]

Ukukhetha uthi lokupha

Ama-antenna athola isignali kusuka kusathelayithi, njengezinguqulo zawo ze-analog, ancike kumagagasi avela emibhoshongweni engaphansi. Uma ibuthakathaka, khona-ke ukusakaza kuzoba sezingeni eliphansi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kufanele ucabangele ibanga lokuphinda futhi uthenge ama-amplifiers akhethekile. Futhi, ungakhohlwa mayelana nezimo zezulu. Ukuze ugweme amaphutha, i-antenna yokupha kufanele ikhethwe, kucatshangelwa le mithetho elandelayo:

• idizayini kumele isebenze ebangeni lemvamisa elitholiwe lika-300 – 3000 MHz;
• i-boom kufanele ilingane nebanga lombhoshongo ophansi;
• izinkomba zamandla kumele zicushwe ukuze zibambe igagasi;
• endaweni evulekile noma ehlathini, kuthengwa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene.

Qaphela! Ukukhetha i-antenna ehlobene nobubanzi be-deflector kulula kakhulu. Kungcono ukuthenga umkhiqizo onobukhulu obulandelayo begridi: uma u-opharetha encoma u-90 cm, i-antenna efakiwe engamamitha angu-1.2 izonikeza ukwamukelwa okuhle kakhulu ngisho nasezimeni zesimo sezulu esibi.

Ungalengisa kanjani futhi usethe isitsha sesathelayithi?

Ukuze
ufake isitsha sesathelayithi ekhaya, uzodinga amathuluzi alandelayo:

• intambo yokwandisa amasokhethi angu-3;
• i-puncher noma i-drill nge-drill ye-diameter edingekayo yokulungisa ibakaki ngamahange noma ngama-dowels;
• ama-wrenches angu-13 mm no-10 mm ngosayizi (okungcono amabili);
• Phillips screwdriver;
• isando;
• i-adhesive tape noma izibopho zepulasitiki.

Uma uhlanganisa i-antenna, qinisa ngokucophelela ama-bolts, futhi ungakhohlwa ngama-washers. Udinga ukukrufula ama
– multifeeds angu -2 kusibambi sesiguquli . Omunye ugoqwe ngakwesokudla, owesibili – kwesokunxele kanye nesiguquli. Akufanelekile ukudonsa kanzima kakhulu. Okufanayo kusebenza ekukhwezeni kwe-antenna ngokwayo. [i-id yamagama-ncazo = “okunamathiselwe_3701” align = “aligncenter” wide = “640”]
Ukusetshenziswa okudumile kokuphakelayo okuningi lapho kufakwa isitsha sesathelayithi samasathelayithi amathathu [/ amazwibela] Ubakaki kufanele bamiswe odongeni. Okulandelayo, kufanele ulengise i-antenna ukuze iqondiswe ohlangothini oluseningizimu noma oluseningizimu-mpumalanga. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukwelula intambo yokunweba bese uxhuma i-TV ngqo kushuna noma umamukeli. Konke, lokhu ukuphela kwendaba. Ekuphetheni, singasho ukuthi izindleko zezitsha zesathelayithi ziyehla. Maduze wonke umuntu uzokwazi ukukhokhela “ukunethezeka” okunjalo futhi abuke iziteshi eziningi ongakhetha kuzo. Kumthengi into eyodwa kuphela edingekayo – ukukhetha umkhiqizo ofanele.