Ukumiselwa kolungelelwaniso, i-azimuth kunye ne-angle yokuphakama kwesitya sesathelayithi

Ukukhomba “isitya” sesathelayithi kwisathelayithi yinkqubo elula, kodwa ifuna ukuba umntu abe nezakhono ezisisiseko zokusebenza kunye nezixhobo ze-antenna. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kucetyiswa ukuba unikeze inkqubo kwingcali enamava, kodwa ukuba ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu (into ekhuselekileyo, indawo ekude, njl. njl.) akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zakhe, ngoko unokuzama ukulungisa i-eriyali ngokwakho .

Indlela yokubeka i-angle yokuphakama kwisitya se-satellite kunye ne-azimuth kwi-satellite

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nesikhokelo esithe ngqo kwisathelayithi, kuyafuneka ukuba ufumane kwaye urekhode amaxabiso eeparamitha ezifunekayo.

1. Ulungelelwaniso lwendawo ye-eriyali . Unokufumana ulungelelwaniso ngenye yeendlela ezininzi – usebenzisa i-GPS navigator, usebenzisa izicelo ezifana neGoogleMaps kunye nokunye, usebenzisa imephu yendawo okanye ngenye indlela ekhoyo. Ukuba une-smartphone kwaye ukwindawo yokugubungela inethiwekhi yeselula, ukufumanisa ulungelelwaniso akufanele kube nzima.
2. Ukuphakama kunye ne-azimuth ukuya kwisathelayithi . Owona mzuzu ubalulekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokulungisa i-eriyali. Ukuba ezi datha azaziwa ngokuthembekileyo kwasekuqaleni, ngoko ke ukumisela, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise enye yeenkonzo ze-Intanethi, umzekelo, i-calculator ye-intanethi yamahhala “Satcalc”.

I-azimuth kunye nekhaltyhuleyitha yokuphakama yokuzilungisa ngokwakho isitya sesatellite inokufumaneka https://www.satcalc.ru/angle.php?s=&s_min=&s_sec=&d=&d_min=&d_sec=&d_0=140e&n_0=140e

Umzekelo wokubala indlela eya kwisathelayithi usebenzisa ikhaltyhuleyitha

Qwalasela inkqubo yokumisela isalathiso sokukhomba i-eriyali usebenzisa umzekelo wesathelayithi ye-Express AM3 kwisixeko saseVladivostok. Simisela ulungelelwaniso lwendawo yokufakela i-antenna ngayo nayiphi na indlela ekhoyo. Kwisixeko saseVladivostok, ulungelelwaniso luya kuba nala maxabiso alandelayo – ububanzi: 43°06′20″, ubude: 131°52′24″ E. Yiya kwiphepha lesibali se-intanethi.

Kwifestile evulayo, cofa kwikhonkco “Bala i-azimuth kunye nokuphakama”.
Enye yeenzuzo zale calculator ye-intanethi ngumsebenzi wokumisela ngokuzenzekelayo ulungelelwaniso ngegama lendawo yokuhlala, ngokutsho kwe-geolocation ye-smartphone okanye ngedilesi ye-IP yesixhobo (ifowuni, ilaptop, iPC) apho isiza sasivela khona. ifikeleleke. Ngenisa ulungelelwaniso.
Kwifestile ekhethekileyo, khetha i-satellite apho isikhokelo siya kwenziwa khona, kwimeko yethu Express AM3.
Cofa kwiqhosha le-pop-up “Bala i-Azimuth kunye nokuNyuleka”.
Sifumana idatha efunekayo.
Kukho enye ipharamitha kwintsimi yolwazi – “Ukuguqulwa kokuguqulwa”, oku kuyipharamitha ebalulekileyo, ngakumbi malunga nayo kuya kuchazwa kwicandelo lofakelo lwe-antenna.

Ukukhetha indawo yokuhlohla

Xa ufaka i-antenna, kufuneka ugxininise kwizinto ezintathu eziphambili.

1. Eyona ndawo ivulekileyo kwicala lesathelayithi , ngokufanelekileyo umgca wokujonga ngokuthe ngqo, ungavalwanga zizakhiwo, imithi, iinduli zendalo.
2. Ukuthembeka kokufakwa kwe-eriyali . Njengomthetho, isibuko sesitya se-satellite, ngenxa yeempawu zokuyila, sinomoya okhulayo kwaye, ukuba awuqiniswanga ngokukhuselekileyo, uya kuphuma emoyeni.
3. Gcina umgama ukusuka kwi-eriyali ukuya kumamkeli wesathelayithi mfutshane kangangoko . Inyaniso kukuba nayiphi na ikhebula yazisa i-coefficient yayo yokunciphisa – oko kukuthi, iyancipha inqanaba lomqondiso oluncedo. Kule nkalo, nangona usebenzisa intambo ephezulu, akukhuthazwa ukuba uhambise i-antenna kude nommkeli ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-20-25.

Indawo yokuxhoma ekhethiweyo kufuneka ibonelele ngokukwazi ukujikeleza isibuko se-antenna nge-10-14 degrees ukusuka kwi-azimuth axis. Ukuba kukho umqobo wendalo (owenziweyo) kwicala lesathelayithi kumgama omncinci, unokuzama ukufumanisa inqanaba lempembelelo yalo enokwenzeka kumgangatho wokwamkela.
Kubalwa, kuyimfuneko ukugqiba malunga nomgama wento kunye nokuphakama kwayo (umzekelo, ngokuthelekisa ubude bezinto ezikufutshane kunye nokuphakama okwaziwayo), ngoko usebenzisa ukubala kwe-trigonometric okanye nayiphi na inkonzo ye-Intanethi, bala i-engile yokuphakama kwento. Ukuba ixabiso elifunyenweyo alidluli ixabiso le-angle yokuphakama (ukuphakama), ngoko akukho nto yokukhathazeka ngayo, ngaphandle koko kufuneka ukhethe enye indawo yokufaka i-antenna okanye usebenzise inkxaso yokunyusa ukuphakama.

Ukumisela ulungelelwaniso lwendawo yakho yokufaka isitya sesathelayithi – ezi datha ziyafuneka ukubala i-azimuth kunye ne-angle yokuphakama yesitya sesatellite usebenzisa i-calculator okanye isoftware ekhethekileyo:

https://youtu.be/ST37xcEFxpY

Ukufakwa kwezixhobo ze-eriyali

Inkqubo yokunyuswa kwe-eriyali iqala ngendibano yayo. Xa udibanisa, kufuneka ugxininise kwiingcebiso zomenzi. Njengomthetho, i-antenna iza nemiyalelo ecacileyo yokuyihlanganisa, ebonisa iiparitha eziphambili.

I-eriyali edityaniswe ngokuchanekileyo ifakwe kwisiseko esifakwe ngaphambili kunye nesomeleziweyo, ngelixa udibaniso oluvaliweyo lunoxanduva lokujikeleza. isibuko se-antenna kwiinqwelomoya ezithe nkqo nezithe tyaba aziqinisi yonke indlela. Ukufakwa komguquli kufanelwe ngamagama akhethekileyo. Umguquli uxhonywe kwingqwalasela ye-antenna ehlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ijikelezwe kwixabiso le-angle elifunyenwe kwiprogram yeSatcalc kwinqanaba lokubala i-azimuth kunye ne-angle yokuphakama. Ixabiso kwikholamu yokuJikelezisa ye-LNB ibonisa ukuba i-LNB kufuneka ijikelezwe ngamadigri angama-46 ngokwewotshi ukusuka ngokuthe nkqo. Ukuze kube lula ukubeka i-angle, iimpawu zisetyenziswe ngaphambili kwi-converter ebonisa “i-Zero position” kunye ne-angular scale. Inyathelo lokugqibela lokunyuswa kwe-eriyali kukudibanisa intambo kwisiguquli esibhalwe amagama.

Ukulungiswa kwe-antenna

Izitya zesathelayithi zahlulwe zibe yi-“Focus” kunye ne “Offset”. Uyakwazi ukuzohlula zombini ngokufunda amaxwebhu aqhotyoshelweyo, kwaye ngokubukekayo – ukugxila ngokuthe ngqo kunobumbeko olujikelezayo, isibuko se-eriyali ye-offset sinemilo ye-ellipse (yandiswe ngakumbi kwicala lee-axes ezithe nkqo). I-antenna nganye ineempawu zayo zokukhomba – indiza yesibuko se-antenna egxininise ngokuthe ngqo iqondiswe kwisathelayithi ngexesha lokulungiswa ngokuhambelana nedatha yokuphakama. I-antenna ye-offset ine-parameter eyongezelelweyo – “i-angle ye-offset”, ixabiso layo linokufumaneka kumaxwebhu e-antenna.Xa useka i-antenna ye-offset, indawo efunekayo yendiza yesibuko ibalwa ngefomula – ƛp = ƛm – ƛs. Apho u-ƛp ikwindawo efunekayo yesipili se-eriyali ye-offset xa ithelekiswa nendawo ethe tye, ƛm yi-engile yokuphakama ebalwe ngokwenkqubo yesoftware, ƛs yi-engile yokulinganisa echazwe kwipaspoti ye-eriyali. Kwenzeka ukuba emva kokubala, ixabiso lifunyenwe nge-minus sign, oku kuthetha ukuba isibuko se-antenna ye-offset kufuneka sithotywe phantsi ngexabiso le-angle efunyenweyo.
I-azimuth kunye ne-angle yokuphakama kwesitya sesathelayithi ingabalwa ngaphandle kwekhaltyhuleyitha – ngokusebenzisa iifomyula:

“Khangela” satellite

Ukukhomba ngokuthe ngqo kwe-eriyali kwisathelayithi kunokohlulwa kube ngamanqanaba amabini. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, uhlengahlengiso “olurhabaxa” lwenziwa, okwesibini sele lugqityiwe. Ukulungiswa okurhabaxa kubhekisa ekwalatheni i-eriyali kwisathelayithi kwi-azimuth kunye nokuphakama. Ukwenza oku, isibuko se-antenna siphakanyiswa yi-angle yokuphakama ebalwayo (kuthathela ingqalelo i-angle ye-offset ye-antenna ngokwayo). Ngeli nqanaba, i-goniometer eqhotyoshelwe kwindiza ye-antenna iya kufika ngokufanelekileyo.
Isikhokelo se-Azimuth senziwa ngokusebenzisa ikhampasi. Kukho kwakhona indlela yokukhomba “ngokwelanga”, inika iziphumo ezilungileyo, kodwa ekusebenzeni abantu abambalwa bayisebenzisa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo okulinganiselwe (i-cloudiness, akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukubala indawo echanekileyo yelanga ngexesha elifanelekileyo. njl.). Uhlengahlengiso lokugqibela lwenziwa ngokubandakanya imitha ekhethekileyo – “i-SatFinder” kwi-gap yekhebula phakathi komguquli kunye ne-satellite receiver. Iimitha zinokuba lula ukucofa kunye nedijithali entsonkothileyo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, nayiphi na kubo yenza umsebenzi wabo.
Ukulungiswa okucokisekileyo, khulula iibholithi ze-eriyali kwaye uyijikelezise ngokucothayo kwi-azimuth, uzama ukungagqithisi kwisantya sokujikeleza se-1 degree ngomzuzwana. Emva kokubamba isignali, iindlela zokujika ezincinci (ngasekhohlo / ngasekunene) kufuneka zifezekise umgangatho ophezulu wesignali kwaye ulungise i-antenna. Ukuba umqondiso uyavela, kodwa awusebenzi ngokujika kwesipili okanye umgangatho awuzinzanga, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujike i-eriyali nge-1-2 degrees ecaleni kwe-axis ethe nkqo xa ithelekiswa ne-engile yokuphakama. Ezona ziphumo zihle ngelona xesha lifutshane zinokufumaneka kusetyenziswa i-spectrum analyzer njengemitha, kodwa esi sixhobo sibiza kakhulu kwaye ukuthengwa kwaso ngenxa yemeko enye okanye ezimbini ezinqabileyo zokulungisa i-eriyali ayinakwenzeka. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokuseta isitya sesathelayithi ngaphandle kwaso nasiphi na isixhobo. Ukwenza oku, i-satellite receiver kunye ne-TV (i-laptop enemodyuli ye-TV) ibekwe kufuphi nesitya ngokwayo, kwaye isignali efunyenweyo ibekwe esweni kwisikali seprogram yokuseta yomamkeli. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokuqinisekileyo, akunakwenzeka ukufikelela umgangatho ophezulu, kodwa le ndlela ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa ekhaya.